Genesis 38:7

38:7 But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was evil in the Lord’s sight, so the Lord killed him.

Genesis 38:2

38:2 There Judah saw the daughter of a Canaanite man ¹  named Shua. ²  Judah acquired her as a wife ³  and had marital relations with her. ⁴ 

Genesis 17:17

17:17 Then Abraham bowed down with his face to the ground and laughed ⁵  as he said to himself, ⁶  “Can ⁷  a son be born to a man who is a hundred years old? ⁸  Can Sarah ⁹  bear a child at the age of ninety?” ¹⁰ 

Genesis 21:6

21:6 Sarah said, “God has made me laugh. ¹¹  Everyone who hears about this ¹²  will laugh ¹³  with me.”

Luke 15:21

15:21 Then ¹⁴  his son said to him, ‘Father, I have sinned against heaven ¹⁵  and against you; I am no longer worthy to be called your son.’ ¹⁶ 

[38:2]  ¹ tn Heb “a man, a Canaanite.”

[38:2]  ² tn Heb “and his name was Shua.”

[38:2]  ³ tn Heb “and he took her.”

[38:2]  ⁴ tn Heb “and he went to her.” This expression is a euphemism for sexual intercourse.

[17:17]  ⁵ sn Laughed. The Hebrew verb used here provides the basis for the naming of Isaac: “And he laughed” is וַיִּצְחָק (vayyitskhaq); the name “Isaac” is יִצְחָק (yitskhaq), “he laughs.” Abraham’s (and Sarah’s, see 18:12) laughter signals disbelief, but when the boy is born, the laughter signals surprise and joy.

[17:17]  ⁶ tn Heb “And he fell on his face and laughed and said in his heart.”

[17:17]  ⁷ tn The imperfect verbal form here carries a potential nuance, as it expresses the disbelief of Abraham.

[17:17]  ⁸ tn Heb “to the son of a hundred years.”

[17:17]  ⁹ sn It is important to note that even though Abraham staggers at the announcement of the birth of a son, finding it almost too incredible, he nonetheless calls his wife Sarah, the new name given to remind him of the promise of God (v. 15).

[17:17]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “the daughter of ninety years.”

[21:6]  ¹¹ tn Heb “Laughter God has made for me.”

[21:6]  ¹² tn The words “about this” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[21:6]  ¹³ sn Sarah’s words play on the name “Isaac” in a final triumphant manner. God prepared “laughter” (צְחֹק, ysÿkhoq ) for her, and everyone who hears about this “will laugh” (יִצְחַק, yitskhaq ) with her. The laughter now signals great joy and fulfillment, not unbelief (cf. Gen 18:12-15).

[15:21]  ¹⁴ tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[15:21]  ¹⁵ sn The phrase against heaven is a circumlocution for God. 1st century Judaism tended to minimize use of the divine name out of reverence.

[15:21]  ¹⁶ sn The younger son launches into his confession just as he had planned. See vv. 18-19.