Genesis 44:4-12

44:4 They had not gone very far from the city ¹  when Joseph said ²  to the servant who was over his household, “Pursue the men at once! ³  When you overtake ⁴  them, say to them, ‘Why have you repaid good with evil? 44:5 Doesn’t my master drink from this cup ⁵  and use it for divination? ⁶  You have done wrong!’” ⁷ 

44:6 When the man ⁸  overtook them, he spoke these words to them. 44:7 They answered him, “Why does my lord say such things? ⁹  Far be it from your servants to do such a thing! ¹⁰  44:8 Look, the money that we found in the mouths of our sacks we brought back to you from the land of Canaan. Why then would we steal silver or gold from your master’s house? 44:9 If one of us has it, ¹¹  he will die, and the rest of us will become my lord’s slaves!”

44:10 He replied, “You have suggested your own punishment! ¹²  The one who has it will become my slave, ¹³  but the rest of ¹⁴  you will go free.” ¹⁵  44:11 So each man quickly lowered ¹⁶  his sack to the ground and opened it. 44:12 Then the man ¹⁷  searched. He began with the oldest and finished with the youngest. The cup was found in Benjamin’s sack!

Esther 7:5

7:5 Then King Ahasuerus responded ¹⁸  to Queen Esther, “Who is this individual? Where is this person to be found who is presumptuous enough ¹⁹  to act in this way?”

[44:4]  ¹ tn Heb “they left the city, they were not far,” meaning “they had not gone very far.”

[44:4]  ² tn Heb “and Joseph said.” This clause, like the first one in the verse, has the subject before the verb, indicating synchronic action.

[44:4]  ³ tn Heb “arise, chase after the men.” The first imperative gives the command a sense of urgency.

[44:4]  ⁴ tn After the imperative this perfect verbal form with vav consecutive has the same nuance of instruction. In the translation it is subordinated to the verbal form that follows (also a perfect with vav consecutive): “and overtake them and say,” becomes “when you overtake them, say.”

[44:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “Is this not what my master drinks from.” The word “cup” is not in the Hebrew text, but is obviously the referent of “this,” and so has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[44:5]  ⁶ tn Heb “and he, divining, divines with it.” The infinitive absolute is emphatic, stressing the importance of the cup to Joseph.

[44:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “you have caused to be evil what you have done.”

[44:6]  ⁸ tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the man who was in charge of Joseph’s household) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[44:7]  ⁹ tn Heb “Why does my lord speak according to these words?”

[44:7]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “according to this thing.”

[44:9]  ¹¹ tn Heb “The one with whom it is found from your servants.” Here “your servants” (a deferential way of referring to the brothers themselves) has been translated by the pronoun “us” to avoid confusion with Joseph’s servants.

[44:10]  ¹² tn Heb “Also now, according to your words, so it is.” As the next statement indicates, this does mean that he will do exactly as they say. He does agree with them the culprit should be punished, but not as harshly as they suggest. Furthermore, the innocent parties will not be punished.

[44:10]  ¹³ tn Heb “The one with whom it is found will become my slave.”

[44:10]  ¹⁴ tn The words “the rest of” have been supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.

[44:10]  ¹⁵ tn The Hebrew word נָקִי (naqi) means “acquitted,” that is, free of guilt and the responsibility for it.

[44:11]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and they hurried and they lowered.” Their speed in doing this shows their presumption of innocence.

[44:12]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the man who was in charge of Joseph’s household) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[7:5]  ¹⁸ tc The second occurrence of the Hebrew verb וַיּאמֶר (vayyo’mer, “and he said”) in the MT should probably be disregarded. The repetition is unnecessary in the context and may be the result of dittography in the MT.

[7:5]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “has so filled his heart”; NAB “who has dared to do this.”