Genesis 11:29

11:29 And Abram and Nahor took wives for themselves. The name of Abram’s wife was Sarai, ¹  and the name of Nahor’s wife was Milcah; ²  she was the daughter of Haran, the father of both Milcah and Iscah.

Genesis 20:2

20:2 Abraham said about his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.” So Abimelech, king of Gerar, sent for Sarah and took her.

Genesis 20:5

20:5 Did Abraham ³  not say to me, ‘She is my sister’? And she herself said, ⁴  ‘He is my brother.’ I have done this with a clear conscience ⁵  and with innocent hands!”

Genesis 20:12-13

20:12 What’s more, ⁶  she is indeed my sister, my father’s daughter, but not my mother’s daughter. She became my wife. 20:13 When God made me wander ⁷  from my father’s house, I told her, ‘This is what you can do to show your loyalty to me: ⁸  Every place we go, say about me, “He is my brother.”’”

Genesis 26:7

26:7 When the men of that place asked him about his wife, he replied, “She is my sister.” ⁹  He was afraid to say, “She is my wife,” for he thought to himself, ¹⁰  “The men of this place will kill me to get ¹¹  Rebekah because she is very beautiful.”

Isaiah 57:11

57:11 Whom are you worried about?

Whom do you fear, that you would act so deceitfully

and not remember me

or think about me? ¹² 

Because I have been silent for so long, ¹³ 

you are not afraid of me. ¹⁴ 

Matthew 26:69-75

Peter’s Denials

26:69 Now Peter was sitting outside in the courtyard. A ¹⁵  slave girl ¹⁶  came to him and said, “You also were with Jesus the Galilean.” 26:70 But he denied it in front of them all: ¹⁷  “I don’t know what you’re talking about!” 26:71 When ¹⁸  he went out to the gateway, another slave girl ¹⁹  saw him and said to the people there, “This man was with Jesus the Nazarene.” 26:72 He denied it again with an oath, “I do not know the man!” 26:73 After ²⁰  a little while, those standing there came up to Peter and said, “You really are one of them too – even your accent ²¹  gives you away!” 26:74 At that he began to curse, and he swore with an oath, “I do not know the man!” At that moment a rooster crowed. ²²  26:75 Then Peter remembered what Jesus had said: “Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.” And he went outside and wept bitterly. ²³ 

Galatians 2:12-13

2:12 Until ²⁴  certain people came from James, he had been eating with the Gentiles. But when they arrived, he stopped doing this ²⁵  and separated himself ²⁶  because he was afraid of those who were pro-circumcision. ²⁷  2:13 And the rest of the Jews also joined with him in this hypocrisy, so that even Barnabas was led astray with them ²⁸  by their hypocrisy.

[11:29]  ¹ sn The name Sarai (a variant spelling of “Sarah”) means “princess” (or “lady”). Sharratu was the name of the wife of the moon god Sin. The original name may reflect the culture out of which the patriarch was called, for the family did worship other gods in Mesopotamia.

[11:29]  ² sn The name Milcah means “Queen.” But more to the point here is the fact that Malkatu was a title for Ishtar, the daughter of the moon god. If the women were named after such titles (and there is no evidence that this was the motivation for naming the girls “Princess” or “Queen”), that would not necessarily imply anything about the faith of the two women themselves.

[20:5]  ³ tn Heb “he”; the referent has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[20:5]  ⁴ tn Heb “and she, even she.”

[20:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “with the integrity of my heart.”

[20:12]  ⁶ tn Heb “but also.”

[20:13]  ⁷ tn The Hebrew verb is plural. This may be a case of grammatical agreement with the name for God, which is plural in form. However, when this plural name refers to the one true God, accompanying predicates are usually singular in form. Perhaps Abraham is accommodating his speech to Abimelech’s polytheistic perspective. (See GKC 463 §145.i.) If so, one should translate, “when the gods made me wander.”

[20:13]  ⁸ tn Heb “This is your loyal deed which you can do for me.”

[26:7]  ⁹ sn Rebekah, unlike Sarah, was not actually her husband’s sister.

[26:7]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “lest.” The words “for he thought to himself” are supplied because the next clause is written with a first person pronoun, showing that Isaac was saying or thinking this.

[26:7]  ¹¹ tn Heb “kill me on account of.”

[57:11]  ¹² tn Heb “you do not place [it] on your heart.”

[57:11]  ¹³ tn Heb “Is it not [because] I have been silent, and from long ago?”

[57:11]  ¹⁴ sn God’s patience with sinful Israel has caused them to think that they can sin with impunity and suffer no consequences.

[26:69]  ¹⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.

[26:69]  ¹⁶ tn The Greek term here is παιδίσκη (paidiskh), referring to a slave girl or slave woman.

[26:70]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “he denied it…saying.” The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant in English and has not been translated.

[26:71]  ¹⁸ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[26:71]  ¹⁹ tn The words “slave girl” are not in the Greek text, but are implied by the feminine singular form ἄλλη (allh).

[26:73]  ²⁰ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[26:73]  ²¹ tn Grk “your speech.”

[26:74]  ²² tn It seems most likely that this refers to a real rooster crowing, although a number of scholars have suggested that “cockcrow” is a technical term referring to the trumpet call which ended the third watch of the night (from midnight to 3 a.m.). This would then be a reference to the Roman gallicinium (ἀλεκτοροφωνία, alektorofwnia; the term is used in Mark 13:35 and is found in some mss [Ì^37vid,45 ˹] in Matt 26:34) which would have been sounded at 3 a.m.; in this case Jesus would have prophesied a precise time by which the denials would have taken place. For more details see J. H. Bernard, St. John (ICC), 2:604. However, in light of the fact that Mark mentions the rooster crowing twice (Mark 14:72) and in Luke 22:60 the words are reversed (ἐφώνησεν ἀλέκτωρ, efwnhsen alektwr), it is more probable that a real rooster is in view. In any event natural cockcrow would have occurred at approximately 3 a.m. in Palestine at this time of year (March-April) anyway.

[26:75]  ²³ sn When Peter went out and wept bitterly it shows he really did not want to fail here and was deeply grieved that he had.

[2:12]  ²⁴ tn The conjunction γάρ has not been translated here.

[2:12]  ²⁵ tn Grk “he drew back.” If ἑαυτόν (Jeauton) goes with both ὑπέστελλεν (Jupestellen) and ἀφώριζεν (afwrizen) rather than only the latter, the meaning would be “he drew himself back” (see BDAG 1041 s.v. ὑποστέλλω 1.a).

[2:12]  ²⁶ tn Or “and held himself aloof.”

[2:12]  ²⁷ tn Grk “the [ones] of the circumcision,” that is, the group of Jewish Christians who insisted on circumcision of Gentiles before they could become Christians.

[2:13]  ²⁸ tn The words “with them” are a reflection of the σύν- (sun-) prefix on the verb συναπήχθη (sunaphcqh; see L&N 31.76).