Hosea 1:10

The Restoration of Israel

1:10 (2:1) ¹  However, ²  in the future the number of the people ³  of Israel will be like the sand of the sea which can be neither measured nor numbered. Although ⁴  it was said to them, “You are not my people,” it will be said to them, “You are ⁵  children ⁶  of the living God!”

Romans 9:25

9:25 As he also says in Hosea:

“I will call those who were not my people, ‘My people,’ and I will call her who was unloved, ⁷  ‘My beloved.’” ⁸ 

Romans 10:19

10:19 But again I ask, didn’t Israel understand? ⁹  First Moses says, “I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; with a senseless nation I will provoke you to anger.” ¹⁰ 

Romans 11:11-14

11:11 I ask then, they did not stumble into an irrevocable fall, ¹¹  did they? Absolutely not! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make Israel ¹²  jealous. 11:12 Now if their transgression means riches for the world and their defeat means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full restoration ¹³  bring?

11:13 Now I am speaking to you Gentiles. Seeing that I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, 11:14 if somehow I could provoke my people to jealousy and save some of them.

Romans 11:1

Israel’s Rejection not Complete nor Final

11:1 So I ask, God has not rejected his people, has he? Absolutely not! For I too am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham, from the tribe of Benjamin.

Romans 2:9-10

2:9 There will be ¹⁴  affliction and distress on everyone ¹⁵  who does evil, on the Jew first and also the Greek, ¹⁶  2:10 but ¹⁷  glory and honor and peace for everyone who does good, for the Jew first and also the Greek.

[1:10]  ¹ sn Beginning with 1:10, the verse numbers through 2:23 in the English Bible differ by two from the verse numbers in the Hebrew text (BHS), with 1:10 ET = 2:1 HT, 1:11 ET = 2:2 HT, 2:1 ET = 2:3 HT, etc., through 2:23 ET = 2:25 HT. Beginning with 3:1 the verse numbers in the English Bible and the Hebrew Bible are again the same.

[1:10]  ² tn The vav prefixed to וְהָיָה (véhaya) functions in an adversative sense: “however” (see R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 71, §432).

[1:10]  ³ tn Heb “sons” (so NASB); KJV, ASV “the children”; NAB, NIV “the Israelites.”

[1:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “in the place” (בִּמְקוֹם, bimqom). BDB 880 s.v. מָקוֹם 7.b suggests that בִּמְקוֹם (preposition בְּ, bet, + noun מָקוֹם, maqom) is an idiom carrying a concessive sense: “instead of” (e.g., Isa 33:21; Hos 2:1). However, HALOT suggests that it functions in a locative sense: “in the same place” (HALOT 626 s.v. מָקוֹם 2b; e.g., 1 Kgs 21:19; Isa 33:21; Hos 2:1).

[1:10]  ⁵ tn The predicate nominative, “You are…,” is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[1:10]  ⁶ tn Heb “sons” (so KJV, NASB, NIV).

[9:25]  ⁷ tn Grk “and her who was not beloved, ‘Beloved.’”

[9:25]  ⁸ sn A quotation from Hos 2:23.

[10:19]  ⁹ tn Grk “Israel did not ‘not know,’ did he?” The double negative in Greek has been translated as a positive affirmation for clarity (see v. 18 above for a similar situation).

[10:19]  ¹⁰ sn A quotation from Deut 32:21.

[11:11]  ¹¹ tn Grk “that they might fall.”

[11:11]  ¹² tn Grk “them”; the referent (Israel, cf. 11:7) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:12]  ¹³ tn Or “full inclusion”; Grk “their fullness.”

[2:9]  ¹⁴ tn No verb is expressed in this verse, but the verb “to be” is implied by the Greek construction. Literally “suffering and distress on everyone…”

[2:9]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “every soul of man.”

[2:9]  ¹⁶ sn Paul uses the term Greek here and in v. 10 to refer to non-Jews, i.e., Gentiles.

[2:10]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “but even,” to emphasize the contrast. The second word has been omitted since it is somewhat redundant in English idiom.