Isaiah 2:2

2:2 In the future ¹ 

the mountain of the Lord’s temple will endure ² 

as the most important of mountains,

and will be the most prominent of hills. ³ 

All the nations will stream to it,

Isaiah 28:19

28:19 Whenever it sweeps by, it will overtake you;

indeed, ⁴  every morning it will sweep by,

it will come through during the day and the night.” ⁵ 

When this announcement is understood,

it will cause nothing but terror.

Isaiah 31:9

31:9 They will surrender their stronghold ⁶  because of fear; ⁷ 

their officers will be afraid of the Lord’s battle flag.” ⁸ 

This is what the Lord says –

the one whose fire is in Zion,

whose firepot is in Jerusalem. ⁹ 

Isaiah 36:15

36:15 Don’t let Hezekiah talk you into trusting in the Lord by saying, “The Lord will certainly rescue us; this city will not be handed over to the king of Assyria.”

Isaiah 37:10

37:10 “Tell King Hezekiah of Judah this: ‘Don’t let your God in whom you trust mislead you when he says, “Jerusalem will not be handed over to the king of Assyria.”

Isaiah 37:16

37:16 “O Lord who commands armies, O God of Israel, who is enthroned on the cherubim! ¹⁰  You alone are God over all the kingdoms of the earth. You made the sky ¹¹  and the earth.

Isaiah 40:2

40:2 “Speak kindly to ¹²  Jerusalem, ¹³  and tell her

that her time of warfare is over, ¹⁴ 

that her punishment is completed. ¹⁵ 

For the Lord has made her pay double ¹⁶  for all her sins.”

Isaiah 64:7

64:7 No one invokes ¹⁷  your name,

or makes an effort ¹⁸  to take hold of you.

For you have rejected us ¹⁹ 

and handed us over to our own sins. ²⁰ 

[2:2]  ¹ tn Heb “in the end of the days.” This phrase may refer generally to the future, or more technically to the final period of history. See BDB 31 s.v. ַאחֲרִית. The verse begins with a verb that functions as a “discourse particle” and is not translated. In numerous places throughout the OT, the “to be” verb with a prefixed conjunction (וְהָיָה [vÿhayah] and וַיְהִי [vayÿhi]) occurs in this fashion to introduce a circumstantial clause and does not require translation.

[2:2]  ² tn Or “be established” (KJV, NIV, NRSV).

[2:2]  ³ tn Heb “as the chief of the mountains, and will be lifted up above the hills.” The image of Mount Zion being elevated above other mountains and hills pictures the prominence it will attain in the future.

[28:19]  ⁴ tn Or “for” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV).

[28:19]  ⁵ tn The words “it will come through” are supplied in the translation. The verb “will sweep by” does double duty in the parallel structure.

[31:9]  ⁷ tn Heb “rocky cliff” (cf. ASV, NASB “rock”), viewed metaphorically as a place of defense and security.

[31:9]  ⁸ tn Heb “His rocky cliff, because of fear, will pass away [i.e., “perish”].”

[31:9]  ⁹ tn Heb “and they will be afraid of the flag, his officers.”

[31:9]  ¹⁰ sn The “fire” and “firepot” here symbolize divine judgment, which is heating up like a fire in Jerusalem, waiting to be used against the Assyrians when they attack the city.

[37:16]  ¹⁰ sn Cherubim (singular “cherub”) refers to the images of winged angelic creatures that were above the ark of the covenant.

[37:16]  ¹¹ tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[40:2]  ¹³ tn Heb “speak to the heart of Jerusalem.” Jerusalem is personified as a woman.

[40:2]  ¹⁴ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[40:2]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “that she is filled [with] her warfare.” Some understand צָבָא (tsavah, “warfare”) as meaning “hard service” or “compulsory labor” in this context.

[40:2]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “that her punishment is accepted [as satisfactory].”

[40:2]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “for she has received from the hand of the Lord double.” The principle of the double portion in punishment is also seen in Jer 16:18; 17:18 and Rev 18:6. For examples of the double portion in Israelite law, see Exod 22:4, 7, 9 (double restitution by a thief) and Deut 21:17 (double inheritance portion for the firstborn).

[64:7]  ¹⁶ tn Or “calls out in”; NASB, NIV, NRSV “calls on.”

[64:7]  ¹⁷ tn Or “rouses himself”; NASB “arouses himself.”

[64:7]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “for you have hidden your face from us.”

[64:7]  ¹⁹ tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “and you caused us to melt in the hand of our sin.” The verb וַתְּמוּגֵנוּ (vattÿmugenu) is a Qal preterite 2nd person masculine singular with a 1st person common plural suffix from the root מוּג (mug, “melt”). However, elsewhere the Qal of this verb is intransitive. If the verbal root מוּג (mug) is retained here, the form should be emended to a Polel pattern (וַתְּמֹגְגֵנוּ, vattÿmogÿgenu). The translation assumes an emendation to וַתְּמַגְּנֵנוּ (vattÿmaggÿnenu, “and you handed us over”). This form is a Piel preterite 2nd person masculine singular with a 1st person common plural suffix from the verbal root מִגֵּן (miggen, “hand over, surrender”; see HALOT 545 s.v. מגן and BDB 171 s.v. מָגָן). The point is that God has abandoned them to their sinful ways and no longer seeks reconciliation.