Isaiah 25:10-12

25:10 For the Lord’s power will make this mountain secure. ¹ 

Moab will be trampled down where it stands, ² 

as a heap of straw is trampled down in ³  a manure pile.

25:11 Moab ⁴  will spread out its hands in the middle of it, ⁵ 

just as a swimmer spreads his hands to swim;

the Lord ⁶  will bring down Moab’s ⁷  pride as it spreads its hands. ⁸ 

25:12 The fortified city (along with the very tops of your ⁹  walls) ¹⁰  he will knock down,

he will bring it down, he will throw it down to the dusty ground. ¹¹ 

Isaiah 26:5-6

26:5 Indeed, ¹²  the Lord knocks down those who live in a high place,

he brings down an elevated town;

he brings it down to the ground, ¹³ 

he throws it down to the dust.

26:6 It is trampled underfoot

by the feet of the oppressed,

by the soles of the poor.”

Revelation 18:21

18:21 Then ¹⁴  one powerful angel picked up a stone like a huge millstone, threw it into the sea, and said,

“With this kind of sudden violent force ¹⁵ 

Babylon the great city will be thrown down ¹⁶ 

and it will never be found again!

[25:10]  ¹ tn Heb “for the hand of the Lord will rest on this mountain”; TEV “will protect Mount Zion”; NCV “will protect (rest on NLT) Jerusalem.”

[25:10]  ² tn Heb “under him,” i.e., “in his place.”

[25:10]  ³ tc The marginal reading (Qere) is בְּמוֹ (bÿmo, “in”). The consonantal text (Kethib) has בְּמִי (bÿmi, “in the water of”).

[25:11]  ⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Moab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:11]  ⁵ tn The antecedent of the third masculine singular pronominal suffix is probably the masculine noun מַתְבֵּן (matben, “heap of straw”) in v. 10 rather than the feminine noun מַדְמֵנָה (madmenah, “manure pile”), also in v. 10.

[25:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:11]  ⁷ tn Heb “his”; the referent (Moab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:11]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew text has, “he will bring down his pride along with the [?] of his hands.” The meaning of אָרְבּוֹת (’arbot), which occurs only here in the OT, is unknown. Some (see BDB 70 s.v. אָרְבָּה) translate “artifice, cleverness,” relating the form to the verbal root אָרָב (’arav, “to lie in wait, ambush”), but this requires some convoluted semantic reasoning. HALOT 83 s.v. *אָרְבָּה suggests the meaning “[nimble] movements.” The translation above, which attempts to relate the form to the preceding context, is purely speculative.

[25:12]  ⁹ sn Moab is addressed.

[25:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “a fortification, the high point of your walls.”

[25:12]  ¹¹ tn Heb “he will bring [it] down, he will make [it] touch the ground, even to the dust.”

[26:5]  ¹² tn Or “For” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV).

[26:5]  ¹³ tn The translation assumes that יַשְׁפִּילֶנָּה (yashpilennah) goes with the preceding words “an elevated town,” and that יַשְׁפִּילָהּ (yashpilah) belongs with the following words, “to the ground.” See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:469, n. 7.

[18:21]  ¹⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[18:21]  ¹⁵ tn On ὅρμημα ({ormhma) BDAG 724 s.v. states, “violent rush, onset ὁρμήματι βληθήσεται Βαβυλών Babylon will be thrown down with violence Rv 18:21.” L&N 68.82 refers to the suddenness of the force or violence.

[18:21]  ¹⁶ sn Thrown down is a play on both the words and the action. The angel’s action with the stone illustrates the kind of sudden violent force with which the city will be overthrown.