Discovery BoxIsaiah 29:6-24
Context29:6 Judgment will come from the Lord who commands armies, 1
accompanied by thunder, earthquake, and a loud noise,
by a strong gale, a windstorm, and a consuming flame of fire.
29:7 It will be like a dream, a night vision.
There will be a horde from all the nations that fight against Ariel,
those who attack her and her stronghold and besiege her.
29:8 It will be like a hungry man dreaming that he is eating,
only to awaken and find that his stomach is empty. 2
It will be like a thirsty man dreaming that he is drinking,
only to awaken and find that he is still weak and his thirst unquenched. 3
So it will be for the horde from all the nations
that fight against Mount Zion.
29:9 You will be shocked and amazed! 4
You are totally blind! 5
They are drunk, 6 but not because of wine;
they stagger, 7 but not because of beer.
29:10 For the Lord has poured out on you
a strong urge to sleep deeply. 8
He has shut your eyes (the prophets),
and covered your heads (the seers).
29:11 To you this entire prophetic revelation 9 is like words in a sealed scroll. When they hand it to one who can read 10 and say, “Read this,” he responds, “I can’t, because it is sealed.” 29:12 Or when they hand the scroll to one who can’t read 11 and say, “Read this,” he says, “I can’t read.” 12
29:13 The sovereign master 13 says,
“These people say they are loyal to me; 14
they say wonderful things about me, 15
but they are not really loyal to me. 16
Their worship consists of
nothing but man-made ritual. 17
29:14 Therefore I will again do an amazing thing for these people –
an absolutely extraordinary deed. 18
Wise men will have nothing to say,
the sages will have no explanations.” 19
29:15 Those who try to hide their plans from the Lord are as good as dead, 20
who do their work in secret and boast, 21
“Who sees us? Who knows what we’re doing?” 22
29:16 Your thinking is perverse! 23
Should the potter be regarded as clay? 24
Should the thing made say 25 about its maker, “He didn’t make me”?
Or should the pottery say about the potter, “He doesn’t understand”?
29:17 In just a very short time 26
Lebanon will turn into an orchard,
and the orchard will be considered a forest. 27
29:18 At that time 28 the deaf will be able to hear words read from a scroll,
and the eyes of the blind will be able to see through deep darkness. 29
29:19 The downtrodden will again rejoice in the Lord;
the poor among humankind will take delight 30 in the Holy One of Israel. 31
29:20 For tyrants will disappear,
those who taunt will vanish,
and all those who love to do wrong will be eliminated 32 –
29:21 those who bear false testimony against a person, 33
who entrap the one who arbitrates at the city gate 34
and deprive the innocent of justice by making false charges. 35
29:22 So this is what the Lord, the one who delivered Abraham, says to the family of Jacob: 36
“Jacob will no longer be ashamed;
their faces will no longer show their embarrassment. 37
29:23 For when they see their children,
whom I will produce among them, 38
they will honor 39 my name.
They will honor the Holy One of Jacob; 40
they will respect 41 the God of Israel.
29:24 Those who stray morally will gain understanding; 42
those who complain will acquire insight. 43
[29:6] 1 tn Heb “from the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] there will be visitation.” The third feminine singular passive verb form תִּפָּקֵד (tippaqed, “she/it will be visited”) is used here in an impersonal sense. See GKC 459 §144.b.
[29:8] 2 tn Or “that he [or “his appetite”] is unsatisfied.”
[29:8] 3 tn Or “that he is faint and that he [or “his appetite”] longs [for water].”
[29:9] 4 tn The form הִתְמַהְמְהוּ (hitmahmÿhu) is a Hitpalpel imperative from מָהַהּ (mahah, “hesitate”). If it is retained, one might translate “halt and be amazed.” The translation assumes an emendation to הִתַּמְּהוּ (hittammÿhu), a Hitpael imperative from תָּמַה (tamah, “be amazed”). In this case, the text, like Hab 1:5, combines the Hitpael and Qal imperatival forms of תָּמַה (tamah). A literal translation might be “Shock yourselves and be shocked!” The repetition of sound draws attention to the statement. The imperatives here have the force of an emphatic assertion. On this use of the imperative in Hebrew, see GKC 324 §110.c and IBHS 572 §34.4c.
[29:9] 5 tn Heb “Blind yourselves and be blind!” The Hitpalpel and Qal imperatival forms of שָׁעַע (sha’a’, “be blind”) are combined to draw attention to the statement. The imperatives have the force of an emphatic assertion.
[29:9] 6 tc Some prefer to emend the perfect form of the verb to an imperative (e.g., NAB, NCV, NRSV), since the people are addressed in the immediately preceding and following contexts.
[29:9] 7 tc Some prefer to emend the perfect form of the verb to an imperative (e.g., NAB, NCV, NRSV), since the people are addressed in the immediately preceding and following contexts.
[29:10] 8 tn Heb “a disposition [or “spirit”] of deep sleep.” Through this mixed metaphor (sleep is likened to a liquid which one pours and in turn symbolizes spiritual dullness) the prophet emphasizes that God himself has given the people over to their spiritual insensitivity as a form of judgment.
[29:11] 9 tn Heb “vision” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV).
[29:11] 10 tn Heb “one who knows a/the scroll.”
[29:12] 11 tn Heb “and if the scroll is handed to one who does not know a scroll.”
[29:12] 12 tn Heb “I do not know a scroll.”
[29:13] 13 tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonai).
[29:13] 14 tn Heb “Because these people draw near to me with their mouth.”
[29:13] 15 tn Heb “and with their lips they honor me.”
[29:13] 16 tn Heb “but their heart is far from me.” The heart is viewed here as the seat of the will, from which genuine loyalty derives.
[29:13] 17 tn Heb “their fear of me is a commandment of men that has been taught.”
[29:14] 18 tn Heb “Therefore I will again do something amazing with these people, an amazing deed, an amazing thing.” This probably refers to the amazing transformation predicted in vv. 17-24, which will follow the purifying judgment implied in vv. 15-16.
[29:14] 19 tn Heb “the wisdom of their wise ones will perish, the discernment of their discerning ones will keep hidden.”
[29:15] 20 tn Heb “Woe [to] those who deeply hide counsel from the Lord.” This probably alludes to political alliances made without seeking the Lord’s guidance. See 30:1-2 and 31:1.
[29:15] 21 tn Heb “and their works are in darkness and they say.”
[29:15] 22 tn The rhetorical questions suggest the answer, “no one.” They are confident that their deeds are hidden from others, including God.
[29:16] 23 tn Heb “your overturning.” The predicate is suppressed in this exclamation. The idea is, “O your perversity! How great it is!” See GKC 470 §147.c. The people “overturn” all logic by thinking their authority supersedes God’s.
[29:16] 24 tn The expected answer to this rhetorical question is “of course not.” On the interrogative use of אִם (’im), see BDB 50 s.v.
[29:16] 25 tn Heb “that the thing made should say.”
[29:17] 26 tn The Hebrew text phrases this as a rhetorical question, “Is it not yet a little, a short [time]?”
[29:17] 27 sn The meaning of this verse is debated, but it seems to depict a reversal in fortunes. The mighty forest of Lebanon (symbolic of the proud and powerful, see 2:13; 10:34) will be changed into a common orchard, while the common orchard (symbolic of the oppressed and lowly) will grow into a great forest. See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:538.
[29:18] 28 tn Or “In that day” (KJV).
[29:18] 29 tn Heb “and out of gloom and darkness the eyes of the blind will see.”
[29:19] 30 tn Or “will rejoice” (NIV, NCV, NLT).
[29:19] 31 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
[29:20] 32 tn Heb “and all the watchers of wrong will be cut off.”
[29:21] 33 tn Heb “the ones who make a man a sinner with a word.” The Hiphil of חָטָא (khata’) here has a delocutive sense: “declare a man sinful/guilty.”
[29:21] 34 sn Legal disputes were resolved at the city gate, where the town elders met. See Amos 5:10.
[29:21] 35 tn Heb “and deprive by emptiness the innocent.”
[29:22] 36 tn Heb “So this is what the Lord says to the house of Jacob, the one who ransomed Abraham.” The relative pronoun must refer back to “the Lord,” not to the immediately preceding “Jacob.” It is uncertain to what event in Abraham’s experience this refers. Perhaps the name “Abraham” stands here by metonymy for his descendants through Jacob. If so, the Exodus is in view.
[29:22] 37 tn Heb “and his face will no longer be pale.”
[29:23] 38 tn Heb “for when he sees his children, the work of my hands in his midst.”
[29:23] 39 tn Or “treat as holy” (also in the following line); NASB, NRSV “will sanctify.”
[29:23] 40 sn Holy One of Jacob is similar to the phrase “Holy One of Israel” common throughout Isaiah; see the sn at Isa 1:4.
[29:23] 41 tn Or “fear,” in the sense of “stand in awe of.”
[29:24] 42 tn Heb “and the ones who stray in spirit will know understanding.”
[29:24] 43 tn Heb “will learn instruction”; cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “will accept instruction.”
