Isaiah 35:2

35:2 Let it richly bloom; ¹ 

let it rejoice and shout with delight! ² 

It is given the grandeur ³  of Lebanon,

the splendor of Carmel and Sharon.

They will see the grandeur of the Lord,

the splendor of our God.

Ephesians 1:22

1:22 And God ⁴  put ⁵  all things under Christ’s ⁶  feet, ⁷  and he gave him to the church as head over all things. ⁸ 

Ephesians 4:15-16

4:15 But practicing the truth in love, ⁹  we will in all things grow up into Christ, who is the head. 4:16 From him the whole body grows, fitted and held together ¹⁰  through every supporting ligament. ¹¹  As each one does its part, the body grows in love.

Colossians 1:18

1:18 He is the head of the body, the church, as well as the beginning, the firstborn ¹²  from among the dead, so that he himself may become first in all things. ¹³ 

Colossians 2:19

2:19 He has not held fast ¹⁴  to the head from whom the whole body, supported ¹⁵  and knit together through its ligaments and sinews, grows with a growth that is from God. ¹⁶ 

[35:2]  ¹ tn The ambiguous verb form תִּפְרַח (tifrakh) is translated as a jussive because it is parallel to the jussive form תָגֵל (tagel).

[35:2]  ² tn Heb “and let it rejoice, yes [with] rejoicing and shouting.” גִּילַת (gilat) may be an archaic feminine nominal form (see GKC 421 §130.b).

[35:2]  ³ tn Or “glory” (KJV, NIV, NRSV); also a second time later in this verse.

[1:22]  ⁴ tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:22]  ⁵ tn Grk “subjected.”

[1:22]  ⁶ tn Grk “his”; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:22]  ⁷ sn An allusion to Ps 8:6.

[1:22]  ⁸ tn Grk “and he gave him as head over all things to the church.”

[4:15]  ⁹ tn The meaning of the participle ἀληθεύοντες (alhqeuonte"; from the verb ἀληθεύω [alhqeuw]) is debated. In classical times the verb could mean “to speak the truth,” or “to be true, to prove true.” In the LXX it appears five times (Gen 20:16; 42:16; Prov 21:3; Isa 44:26; Sir 34:4) and translates four different Hebrew words; there it is an ethical term used of proving or being true, not with the idea of speaking the truth. In the NT the only other place the verb appears is in Gal 4:16 where it means “to speak the truth.” However, in Ephesians the concept of “being truthful” is the best sense of the word. In contrast to the preceding verse, where there are three prepositional phrases to denote falsehood and deceit, the present word speaks of being real or truthful in both conduct and speech. Their deceit was not only in their words but also in their conduct. In other words, the believers’ conduct should be transparent, revealing the real state of affairs, as opposed to hiding or suppressing the truth through cunning and deceit. See H. W. Hoehner, Ephesians, 564-65, and R. Bultmann, TDNT 1:251.

[4:16]  ¹⁰ tn The Greek participle συμβιβαζόμενον (sumbibazomenon) translated “held together” also has in different contexts, the idea of teaching implied in it.

[4:16]  ¹¹ tn Grk “joint of supply.”

[1:18]  ¹² tn See the note on the term “firstborn” in 1:15. Here the reference to Jesus as the “firstborn from among the dead” seems to be arguing for a chronological priority, i.e., Jesus was the first to rise from the dead.

[1:18]  ¹³ tn Grk “in order that he may become in all things, himself, first.”

[2:19]  ¹⁴ tn The Greek participle κρατῶν (kratwn) was translated as a finite verb to avoid an unusually long and pedantic sentence structure in English.

[2:19]  ¹⁵ tn See BDAG 387 s.v. ἐπιχορηγέω 3.

[2:19]  ¹⁶ tn The genitive τοῦ θεοῦ (tou qeou) has been translated as a genitive of source, “from God.”