Isaiah 40:6

40:6 A voice says, “Cry out!”

Another asks, ¹  “What should I cry out?”

The first voice responds: ²  “All people are like grass, ³ 

and all their promises ⁴  are like the flowers in the field.

Isaiah 40:1

The Lord Returns to Jerusalem

40:1 “Comfort, comfort my people,”

says your ⁵  God.

Isaiah 1:24

1:24 Therefore, the sovereign Lord who commands armies, ⁶ 

the powerful ruler of Israel, ⁷  says this:

“Ah, I will seek vengeance ⁸  against my adversaries,

I will take revenge against my enemies. ⁹ 

[40:6]  ¹ tn Heb “and he says.” Apparently a second “voice” responds to the command of the first “voice.”

[40:6]  ² tn The words “the first voice responds” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The first voice tells the second one what to declare.

[40:6]  ³ tn Heb “all flesh is grass.” The point of the metaphor is explained in v. 7.

[40:6]  ⁴ tn Heb “and all his loyalty.” The antecedent of the third masculine suffix is בָּשָׂר (basar, “flesh”), which refers collectively to mankind. The LXX, apparently understanding the antecedent as “grass,” reads “glory,” but חֶסֶד (khesed) rarely, if ever, has this nuance. The normal meaning of חֶסֶד (“faithfulness, loyalty, devotion”) fits very well in the argument. Human beings and their faithfulness (verbal expressions of faithfulness are specifically in view; cf. NRSV “constancy”) are short-lived and unreliable, in stark contrast to the decrees and promises of the eternal God.

[40:1]  ⁵ tn The pronominal suffix is second masculine plural. The identity of the addressee is uncertain: (1) God’s people may be addressed, or (2) the unidentified heralds commanded to comfort Jerusalem.

[1:24]  ⁶ tn Heb “the master, the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts].” On the title “the Lord who commands armies,” see the note at v. 9.

[1:24]  ⁷ tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Israel.”

[1:24]  ⁸ tn Heb “console myself” (i.e., by getting revenge); NRSV “pour out my wrath on.”

[1:24]  ⁹ sn The Lord here identifies with the oppressed and comes as their defender and vindicator.