Judges 3:8

3:8 The Lord was furious with Israel ¹  and turned them over to ²  King Cushan-Rishathaim ³  of Aram-Naharaim. They were Cushan-Rishathaim’s subjects ⁴  for eight years.

Judges 3:10

3:10 The Lord’s spirit empowered him ⁵  and he led Israel. When he went to do battle, the Lord handed over to him King Cushan-Rishathaim of Aram and he overpowered him. ⁶ 

Judges 3:12

Deceit, Assassination, and Deliverance

3:12 The Israelites again did evil in the Lord’s sight. ⁷  The Lord gave King Eglon of Moab control over Israel ⁸  because they had done evil in the Lord’s sight.

Judges 3:15

3:15 When the Israelites cried out for help to the Lord, he ⁹  raised up a deliverer for them. His name was Ehud son of Gera the Benjaminite, a left-handed man. ¹⁰  The Israelites sent him to King Eglon of Moab with their tribute payment. ¹¹ 

Judges 4:17

4:17 Now Sisera ran away on foot to the tent of Jael, wife of Heber the Kenite, for King Jabin of Hazor ¹²  and the family of Heber the Kenite had made a peace treaty. ¹³ 

Judges 11:13

11:13 The Ammonite king said to Jephthah’s messengers, “Because Israel stole ¹⁴  my land when they ¹⁵  came up from Egypt – from the Arnon River in the south to the Jabbok River in the north, and as far west as the Jordan. ¹⁶  Now return it ¹⁷  peaceably!”

Judges 18:1

The Tribe of Dan Finds an Inheritance

18:1 In those days Israel had no king. And in those days the Danite tribe was looking for a place ¹⁸  to settle, because at that time they did not yet have a place to call their own among the tribes of Israel. ¹⁹ 

[3:8]  ¹ tn Or “The Lord’s anger burned (or raged) against Israel.”

[3:8]  ² tn Heb “sold them into the hands of.”

[3:8]  ³ tn Or “Cushan the Doubly Wicked.”

[3:8]  ⁴ tn Or “they served Cushan-Rishathaim.”

[3:10]  ⁵ tn Heb “was on him.”

[3:10]  ⁶ tn Heb “his hand was strong against Cushan-Rishathaim.”

[3:12]  ⁹ tn Heb “in the eyes of the Lord” (also later in this verse).

[3:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “strengthened Eglon…against Israel.”

[3:15]  ¹³ tn Heb “the Lord.” This has been replaced by the pronoun (“he”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[3:15]  ¹⁴ tn The phrase, which refers to Ehud, literally reads “bound/restricted in the right hand,” apparently a Hebrew idiom for a left-handed person. See Judg 20:16, where 700 Benjaminites are described in this way. Perhaps the Benjaminites purposely trained several of their young men to be left-handed warriors by restricting the use of the right hand from an early age so the left hand would become dominant. Left-handed men would have a distinct military advantage, especially when attacking city gates. See B. Halpern, “The Assassination of Eglon: The First Locked-Room Murder Mystery,” BRev 4 (1988): 35.

[3:15]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “The Israelites sent by his hand an offering to Eglon, king of Moab.”

[4:17]  ¹⁷ map For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.

[4:17]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “for there was peace between.”

[11:13]  ²¹ tn Or “took”; or “seized.”

[11:13]  ²² tn Heb “he” (a collective singular).

[11:13]  ²³ tn Heb “from the Arnon to the Jabbok and to the Jordan.” The word “River” has been supplied in the translation with “Arnon” and “Jabbok,” because these are less familiar to modern readers than the Jordan.

[11:13]  ²⁴ tc The translation assumes a singular suffix (“[return] it”); the Hebrew text has a plural suffix (“[return] them”), which, if retained, might refer to the cities of the land.

[18:1]  ²⁵ tn Heb “an inheritance.”

[18:1]  ²⁶ tn Heb “because there had not fallen to them by that day in the midst of the tribes of Israel an inheritance.”