Job 16:11

16:11 God abandons me to evil ¹  men, ² 

and throws ³  me into the hands of wicked men.

Job 16:1

Job’s Reply to Eliphaz ⁴ 

16:1 Then Job replied:

Job 17:1

17:1 My spirit is broken, ⁵ 

my days have faded out, ⁶ 

the grave ⁷  awaits me.

Job 24:18

24:18 ⁸ “You say, ⁹  ‘He is foam ¹⁰  on the face of the waters; ¹¹ 

their portion of the land is cursed

so that no one goes to their vineyard. ¹² 

Job 26:8

26:8 He locks the waters in his clouds,

and the clouds do not burst with the weight of them.

Isaiah 22:22

22:22 I will place the key ¹³  to the house of David on his shoulder. When he opens the door, no one can close it; when he closes the door, no one can open it.

Romans 11:32

11:32 For God has consigned all people to disobedience so that he may show mercy to them all. ¹⁴ 

Revelation 3:7

To the Church in Philadelphia

3:7 “To ¹⁵  the angel of the church in Philadelphia write the following: ¹⁶ 

“This is the solemn pronouncement of ¹⁷  the Holy One, the True One, who holds the key of David, who opens doors ¹⁸  no one can shut, and shuts doors ¹⁹  no one can open:

[16:11]  ¹ tn The word עֲוִיל (’avil) means “child,” and this cannot be right here. If it is read as עַוָּל (’avval) as in Job 27:7 it would be the unrighteous.

[16:11]  ² sn Job does not refer here to his friends, but more likely to the wicked men who set about to destroy him and his possessions, or to the rabble in ch. 30.

[16:11]  ³ tn The word יִרְטֵנִי (yirteni) does not derive from the root רָטָה (ratah) as would fit the pointing in the MT, but from יָרַט (yarat), cognate to Arabic warrata, “to throw; to hurl.” E. Dhorme (Job, 236) thinks that since the normal form would have been יִירְטֵנִי (yirÿteni), it is probable that one of the yods (י) would have affected the word עֲוִיל (’avil) – but that does not make much sense.

[16:1]  ⁴ sn In the next two chapters we have Job’s second reply to Eliphaz. Job now feels abandoned by God and by his friends, and so complains that this all intensifies his sufferings. But he still holds to his innocence as he continues his appeal to God as his witness. There are four sections to this speech: in vv. 2-5 he dismisses the consolation his friends offered; in vv. 6-17 he laments that he is abandoned by God and man; in 16:8–17:9 he makes his appeal to God in heaven as a witness; and finally, in 10-16 he anticipates death.

[17:1]  ⁵ tn The verb חָבַל (khaval, “to act badly”) in the Piel means “to ruin.” The Pual translation with “my spirit” as the subject means “broken” in the sense of finished (not in the sense of humbled as in Ps 51).

[17:1]  ⁶ tn The verb זָעַךְ (za’aq, equivalent of Aramaic דָעַק [da’aq]) means “to be extinguished.” It only occurs here in the Hebrew.

[17:1]  ⁷ tn The plural “graves” could be simply an intensification, a plural of extension (see GKC 397 §124.c), or a reference to the graveyard. Coverdale had: “I am harde at deathes dore.” The Hebrew expression simply reads “graves for me.” It probably means that graves await him.

[24:18]  ⁸ tc Many commentators find vv. 18-24 difficult on the lips of Job, and so identify this unit as a misplaced part of the speech of Zophar. They describe the enormities of the wicked. But a case can also be made for retaining it in this section. Gordis thinks it could be taken as a quotation by Job of his friends’ ideas.

[24:18]  ⁹ tn The verb “say” is not in the text; it is supplied here to indicate that this is a different section.

[24:18]  ¹⁰ tn Or “is swift.”

[24:18]  ¹¹ sn The wicked person is described here as a spray or foam upon the waters, built up in the agitation of the waters but dying away swiftly.

[24:18]  ¹² tn The text reads, “he does not turn by the way of the vineyards.” This means that since the land is cursed, he/one does not go there. Bickell emended “the way of the vineyards” to “the treader of the vineyard” (see RSV, NRSV). This would mean that “no wine-presser would turn towards” their vineyards.

[22:22]  ¹³ sn This may refer to a literal insignia worn by the chief administrator. Even so, it would still symbolize the administrator’s authority to grant or exclude access to the king. See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:422.

[11:32]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “to all”; “them” has been supplied for stylistic reasons.

[3:7]  ¹⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.

[3:7]  ¹⁶ tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.

[3:7]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.

[3:7]  ¹⁸ tn The word “door” is not in the Greek text but has been supplied in the translation. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context. Since the following verse does contain the word “door” (θύραν, quran), that word has been supplied as the direct object here.

[3:7]  ¹⁹ tn See the note on the word “door” earlier in this verse.