Job 24:3

24:3 They drive away the orphan’s donkey;

they take the widow’s ox as a pledge.

Job 24:9

24:9 The fatherless child is snatched ¹  from the breast, ² 

the infant of the poor is taken as a pledge. ³ 

Exodus 22:26

22:26 If you do take ⁴  the garment of your neighbor in pledge, you must return it to him by the time the sun goes down, ⁵ 

Deuteronomy 24:10-18

24:10 When you make any kind of loan to your neighbor, you may not go into his house to claim what he is offering as security. ⁶  24:11 You must stand outside and the person to whom you are making the loan will bring out to you what he is offering as security. ⁷  24:12 If the person is poor you may not use what he gives you as security for a covering. ⁸  24:13 You must by all means ⁹  return to him at sunset the item he gave you as security so that he may sleep in his outer garment and bless you for it; it will be considered a just ¹⁰  deed by the Lord your God.

24:14 You must not oppress a lowly and poor servant, whether one from among your fellow Israelites ¹¹  or from the resident foreigners who are living in your land and villages. ¹²  24:15 You must pay his wage that very day before the sun sets, for he is poor and his life depends on it. Otherwise he will cry out to the Lord against you, and you will be guilty of sin.

24:16 Fathers must not be put to death for what their children ¹³  do, nor children for what their fathers do; each must be put to death for his own sin.

24:17 You must not pervert justice due a resident foreigner or an orphan, or take a widow’s garment as security for a loan. 24:18 Remember that you were slaves in Egypt and that the Lord your God redeemed you from there; therefore I am commanding you to do all this.

Ezekiel 18:7

18:7 does not oppress anyone, but gives the debtor back whatever was given in pledge, ¹⁴  does not commit robbery, ¹⁵  but gives his bread to the hungry and clothes the naked,

Ezekiel 18:12

18:12 oppresses the poor and the needy, ¹⁶  commits robbery, does not give back what was given in pledge, prays to ¹⁷  idols, performs abominable acts,

Ezekiel 18:16

18:16 does not oppress anyone or keep what has been given in pledge, does not commit robbery, gives his food to the hungry, and clothes the naked,

Amos 2:8

2:8 They stretch out on clothing seized as collateral;

they do so right ¹⁸  beside every altar!

They drink wine bought with the fines they have levied;

they do so right in the temple ¹⁹  of their God! ²⁰ 

[24:9]  ¹ tn The verb with no expressed subject is here again taken in the passive: “they snatch” becomes “[child] is snatched.”

[24:9]  ² tn This word is usually defined as “violence; ruin.” But elsewhere it does mean “breast” (Isa 60:16; 66:11), and that is certainly what it means here.

[24:9]  ³ tc The MT has a very brief and strange reading: “they take as a pledge upon the poor.” This could be taken as “they take a pledge against the poor” (ESV). Kamphausen suggested that instead of עַל (’al, “against”) one should read עוּל (’ul, “suckling”). This is supported by the parallelism. “They take as pledge” is also made passive here.

[22:26]  ⁴ tn The construction again uses the infinitive absolute with the verb in the conditional clause to stress the condition.

[22:26]  ⁵ tn The clause uses the preposition, the infinitive construct, and the noun that is the subjective genitive – “at the going in of the sun.”

[24:10]  ⁶ tn Heb “his pledge.” This refers to something offered as pledge of repayment, i.e., as security for the debt.

[24:11]  ⁷ tn Heb “his pledge.”

[24:12]  ⁸ tn Heb “may not lie down in his pledge.” What is in view is the use of clothing as guarantee for the repayment of loans, a matter already addressed elsewhere (Deut 23:19-20; 24:6; cf. Exod 22:25-26; Lev 25:35-37). Cf. NAB “you shall not sleep in the mantle he gives as a pledge”; NRSV “in the garment given you as the pledge.”

[24:13]  ⁹ tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation seeks to reflect with “by all means.”

[24:13]  ¹⁰ tn Or “righteous” (so NIV, NLT).

[24:14]  ¹¹ tn Heb “your brothers,” but not limited only to actual siblings; cf. NASB “your (+ own NAB) countrymen.”

[24:14]  ¹² tn Heb “who are in your land in your gates.” The word “living” is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[24:16]  ¹³ tn Heb “sons” (so NASB; twice in this verse). Many English versions, including the KJV, read “children” here.

[18:7]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “restores to the debtor his pledge.” The root occurs in Exod 22:25 in reference to restoring a man’s garment as a pledge before nightfall.

[18:7]  ¹⁵ tn The Hebrew term refers to seizure of property, usually by the rich (Isa 3:14; 10:2; Mic 2:2 [see Lev 5:21, 22]).

[18:12]  ¹⁶ sn The poor and needy are often mentioned together in the OT (Deut 24:14; Jer 22:16; Ezek 14:69; Ps 12:6; 35:10; 37:14).

[18:12]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “lifts up his eyes.”

[2:8]  ¹⁸ tn The words “They do so right” are supplied twice in the translation of this verse for clarification.

[2:8]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “house.”

[2:8]  ²⁰ tn Or “gods.” The Hebrew term אֱלֹהֵיהֶם (’elohehem) may be translated “their gods” (referring to pagan gods), “their god” (referring to a pagan god, cf. NAB, NIV, NLT), or “their God” (referring to the God of Israel, cf. NASB, NRSV).