John 19:8

19:8 When Pilate heard what they said, ¹  he was more afraid than ever, ² 

Proverbs 29:25

29:25 The fear of people ³  becomes ⁴  a snare, ⁵ 

but whoever trusts in the Lord will be set on high. ⁶ 

Isaiah 51:12-13

51:12 “I, I am the one who consoles you. ⁷ 

Why are you afraid of mortal men,

of mere human beings who are as short-lived as grass? ⁸ 

51:13 Why do you forget ⁹  the Lord, who made you,

who stretched out the sky ¹⁰ 

and founded the earth?

Why do you constantly tremble all day long ¹¹ 

at the anger of the oppressor,

when he makes plans to destroy?

Where is the anger of the oppressor? ¹² 

Isaiah 57:11

57:11 Whom are you worried about?

Whom do you fear, that you would act so deceitfully

and not remember me

or think about me? ¹³ 

Because I have been silent for so long, ¹⁴ 

you are not afraid of me. ¹⁵ 

Luke 12:5

12:5 But I will warn ¹⁶  you whom you should fear: Fear the one who, after the killing, ¹⁷  has authority to throw you ¹⁸  into hell. ¹⁹  Yes, I tell you, fear him!

Acts 4:19

4:19 But Peter and John replied, ²⁰  “Whether it is right before God to obey ²¹  you rather than God, you decide,

[19:8]  ¹ tn Grk “heard this word.”

[19:8]  ² tn Grk “became more afraid.”

[29:25]  ³ tn Heb “the fear of man.” This uses an objective genitive to describe a situation where fearing what people might do or think controls one’s life. There is no indication in the immediate context that this should be limited only to males, so the translation uses the more generic “people” here.

[29:25]  ⁴ tn Heb “gives [or yields, or produces]”; NIV “will prove to be.”

[29:25]  ⁵ sn “Snare” is an implied comparison; fearing people is like being in a trap – there is no freedom of movement or sense of security.

[29:25]  ⁶ sn The image of being set on high comes from the military experience of finding a defensible position, a place of safety and security, such as a high wall or a mountain. Trusting in the Lord sets people free and gives them a sense of safety and security (e.g, Prov 10:27; 12:2).

[51:12]  ⁷ tc The plural suffix should probably be emended to the second masculine singular (which is used in v. 13). The final mem (ם) is probably dittographic; note the mem at the beginning of the next word.

[51:12]  ⁸ tn Heb “Who are you that you are afraid of man who dies, and of the son of man who [as] grass is given up?” The feminine singular forms should probably be emended to the masculine singular (see v. 13). They have probably been influenced by the construction אַתְּ־הִיא (’at-hi’) in vv. 9-10.

[51:13]  ⁹ tn Heb “and that you forget.”

[51:13]  ¹⁰ tn Or “the heavens” (also in v. 16). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[51:13]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and that you tremble constantly all the day.”

[51:13]  ¹² tn The question anticipates the answer, “Ready to disappear!” See v. 14.

[57:11]  ¹³ tn Heb “you do not place [it] on your heart.”

[57:11]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “Is it not [because] I have been silent, and from long ago?”

[57:11]  ¹⁵ sn God’s patience with sinful Israel has caused them to think that they can sin with impunity and suffer no consequences.

[12:5]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “will show,” but in this reflective context such a demonstration is a warning or exhortation.

[12:5]  ¹⁷ sn The actual performer of the killing is not here specified. It could be understood to be God (so NASB, NRSV) but it could simply emphasize that, after a killing has taken place, it is God who casts the person into hell.

[12:5]  ¹⁸ tn The direct object (“you”) is understood.

[12:5]  ¹⁹ sn The word translated hell is “Gehenna” (γέεννα, geenna), a Greek transliteration of the Hebrew words ge hinnom (“Valley of Hinnom”). This was the valley along the south side of Jerusalem. In OT times it was used for human sacrifices to the pagan god Molech (cf. Jer 7:31; 19:5-6; 32:35), and it came to be used as a place where human excrement and rubbish were disposed of and burned. In the intertestamental period, it came to be used symbolically as the place of divine punishment (cf. 1 En. 27:2, 90:26; 4 Ezra 7:36).

[4:19]  ²⁰ tn Grk “answered and said to them.”

[4:19]  ²¹ tn Grk “hear,” but the idea of “hear and obey” or simply “obey” is frequently contained in the Greek verb ἀκούω (akouw; see L&N 36.14).