Joshua 10:13

10:13 The sun stood still and the moon stood motionless while the nation took vengeance on its enemies. The event is recorded in the Scroll of the Upright One. ¹  The sun stood motionless in the middle of the sky and did not set for about a full day. ² 

Deuteronomy 4:19

4:19 When you look up ³  to the sky ⁴  and see the sun, moon, and stars – the whole heavenly creation ⁵  – you must not be seduced to worship and serve them, ⁶  for the Lord your God has assigned ⁷  them to all the people ⁸  of the world. ⁹ 

Deuteronomy 17:3

17:3 by serving other gods and worshiping them – the sun, ¹⁰  moon, or any other heavenly bodies which I have not permitted you to worship. ¹¹ 

Job 9:7

9:7 he who commands the sun and ¹²  it does not shine ¹³ 

and seals up ¹⁴  the stars;

Job 31:26-27

31:26 if I looked at the sun ¹⁵  when it was shining,

and the moon advancing as a precious thing,

31:27 so that my heart was secretly enticed,

and my hand threw them a kiss from my mouth, ¹⁶ 

Psalms 19:4

19:4 Yet its voice ¹⁷  echoes ¹⁸  throughout the earth;

its ¹⁹  words carry ²⁰  to the distant horizon. ²¹ 

In the sky ²²  he has pitched a tent for the sun. ²³ 

Psalms 74:16

74:16 You established the cycle of day and night; ²⁴ 

you put the moon ²⁵  and sun in place. ²⁶ 

Psalms 148:3

148:3 Praise him, O sun and moon!

Praise him, all you shiny stars! ²⁷ 

Isaiah 28:21

28:21 For the Lord will rise up, as he did at Mount Perazim, ²⁸ 

he will rouse himself, as he did in the Valley of Gibeon, ²⁹ 

to accomplish his work,

his peculiar work,

to perform his task,

his strange task. ³⁰ 

Isaiah 38:8

38:8 Look, I will make the shadow go back ten steps on the stairs of Ahaz.” ³¹  And then the shadow went back ten steps. ³² 

Isaiah 60:20

60:20 Your sun will no longer set;

your moon will not disappear; ³³ 

the Lord will be your permanent source of light;

your time ³⁴  of sorrow will be over.

Amos 8:9

8:9 In that day,” says the sovereign Lord, “I will make the sun set at noon,

and make the earth dark in the middle of the day. ³⁵ 

Habakkuk 3:11

3:11 The sun and moon stand still in their courses; ³⁶ 

the flash of your arrows drives them away, ³⁷ 

the bright light of your lightning-quick spear. ³⁸ 

[10:13]  ¹ tn Heb “Is it not written down in the Scroll of the Upright One.” Many modern translations render, “the Scroll [or Book] of Jashar,” leaving the Hebrew name “Jashar” (which means “Upright One”) untranslated.

[10:13]  ² tn Heb “and did not hurry to set [for] about a full day.”

[4:19]  ³ tn Heb “lest you lift up your eyes.” In the Hebrew text vv. 16-19 are subordinated to “Be careful” in v. 15, but this makes for an unduly long sentence in English.

[4:19]  ⁴ tn Or “heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.

[4:19]  ⁵ tn Heb “all the host of heaven.”

[4:19]  ⁶ tn In the Hebrew text the verbal sequence in v. 19 is “lest you look up…and see…and be seduced…and worship them…and serve them.” However, the first two actions are not prohibited in and of themselves. The prohibition pertains to the final three actions. The first two verbs describe actions that are logically subordinate to the following actions and can be treated as temporal or circumstantial: “lest, looking up…and seeing…, you are seduced.” See Joüon 2:635 §168.h.

[4:19]  ⁷ tn Or “allotted.”

[4:19]  ⁸ tn Or “nations.”

[4:19]  ⁹ tn Heb “under all the heaven.”

[17:3]  ¹⁰ tc The MT reads “and to the sun,” thus including the sun, the moon, and other heavenly spheres among the gods. However, Theodotion and Lucian read “or to the sun,” suggesting perhaps that the sun and the other heavenly bodies are not in the category of actual deities.

[17:3]  ¹¹ tn Heb “which I have not commanded you.” The words “to worship” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[9:7]  ¹² tn The form could also be subordinated, “that it shine not” (see further GKC 323 §109.g).

[9:7]  ¹³ tn The verb זָרַח (zarakh) means “rise.” This is the ordinary word for the sunrise. But here it probably has the idea of “shine; glisten,” which is also attested in Hebrew and Aramaic.

[9:7]  ¹⁴ tn The verb חָתַם (khatam) with בְּעַד (bÿ’ad) before its complement, means “to seal; to wall up; to enclose.” This is a poetic way of saying that God prevents the stars from showing their light.

[31:26]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “light”; but parallel to the moon it is the sun. This section speaks of false worship of the sun and the moon.

[31:27]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and my hand kissed my mouth.” The idea should be that of “my mouth kissed my hand.” H. H. Rowley suggests that the hand was important in waving or throwing the kisses of homage to the sun and the moon, and so it receives the focus. This is the only place in the OT that refers to such a custom. Outside the Bible it was known, however.

[19:4]  ¹⁷ tc The MT reads, “their measuring line” (קוּם, qum). The noun קַו (qav, “measuring line”) makes no sense in this context. The reading קוֹלָם (qolam, “their voice”) which is supported by the LXX, is preferable.

[19:4]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “goes out,” or “proceeds forth.”

[19:4]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “their” (see the note on the word “its” in v. 3).

[19:4]  ²⁰ tn The verb is supplied in the translation. The Hebrew text has no verb; יָצָא (yatsa’, “goes out”) is understood by ellipsis.

[19:4]  ²¹ tn Heb “to the end of the world.”

[19:4]  ²² tn Heb “in them” (i.e., the heavens).

[19:4]  ²³ sn He has pitched a tent for the sun. The personified sun emerges from this “tent” in order to make its daytime journey across the sky. So the “tent” must refer metaphorically to the place where the sun goes to rest during the night.

[74:16]  ²⁴ tn Heb “To you [is] day, also to you [is] night.”

[74:16]  ²⁵ tn Heb “[the] light.” Following the reference to “day and night” and in combination with “sun,” it is likely that the Hebrew term מָאוֹר (ma’or, “light”) refers here to the moon.

[74:16]  ²⁶ tn Heb “you established [the] light and [the] sun.”

[148:3]  ²⁷ tn Heb “stars of light.”

[28:21]  ²⁸ sn This probably alludes to David’s victory over the Philistines at Baal Perazim. See 2 Sam 5:20.

[28:21]  ²⁹ sn This probably alludes to the Lord’s victory over the Canaanites at Gibeon, during the days of Joshua. See Josh 10:10-11.

[28:21]  ³⁰ sn God’s judgment of his own people is called “his peculiar work” and “his strange task,” because he must deal with them the way he treated their enemies in the past.

[38:8]  ³¹ tn Heb “the shadow on the steps which [the sun] had gone down, on the steps of Ahaz, with the sun, back ten steps.”

[38:8]  ³² tn Heb “and the sun returned ten steps on the steps which it had gone down.”

[60:20]  ³³ sn In this verse “sun” and “moon” refer to the Lord’s light, which will replace the sun and moon (see v. 19). Light here symbolizes the restoration of divine blessing and prosperity in conjunction with the Lord’s presence. See 30:26.

[60:20]  ³⁴ tn Heb “days” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

[8:9]  ³⁵ tn Heb “in a day of light.”

[3:11]  ³⁶ tn Heb “in their lofty dwelling places.”

[3:11]  ³⁷ tn Or “at the light of your arrows they vanish.”

[3:11]  ³⁸ tn Heb “at the brightness of the lightning of your spear.”