Joshua 5:10-12

5:10 So the Israelites camped in Gilgal and celebrated the Passover in the evening of the fourteenth day of the month on the plains of Jericho. ¹  5:11 They ate some of the produce of the land the day after the Passover, including unleavened bread and roasted grain. ²  5:12 The manna stopped appearing the day they ate ³  some of the produce of the land; the Israelites never ate manna again. ⁴ 

Leviticus 23:10-16

23:10 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them, ‘When you enter the land that I am about to give to you and you gather in its harvest, ⁵  then you must bring the sheaf of the first portion of your harvest ⁶  to the priest, 23:11 and he must wave the sheaf before the Lord to be accepted for your benefit ⁷  – on the day after the Sabbath the priest is to wave it. ⁸  23:12 On the day you wave the sheaf you must also offer ⁹  a flawless yearling lamb ¹⁰  for a burnt offering to the Lord, 23:13 along with its grain offering, two tenths of an ephah of ¹¹  choice wheat flour ¹²  mixed with olive oil, as a gift to the Lord, a soothing aroma, ¹³  and its drink offering, one fourth of a hin of wine. ¹⁴  23:14 You must not eat bread, roasted grain, or fresh grain until this very day, ¹⁵  until you bring the offering of your God. This is a perpetual statute throughout your generations ¹⁶  in all the places where you live.

The Festival of Weeks

23:15 “‘You must count for yourselves seven weeks from the day after the Sabbath, from the day you bring the wave offering sheaf; they must be complete weeks. ¹⁷  23:16 You must count fifty days – until the day after the seventh Sabbath – and then ¹⁸  you must present a new grain offering to the Lord.

Deuteronomy 16:1-9

The Passover-Unleavened Bread Festival

16:1 Observe the month Abib ¹⁹  and keep the Passover to the Lord your God, for in that month ²⁰  he ²¹  brought you out of Egypt by night. 16:2 You must sacrifice the Passover animal ²²  (from the flock or the herd) to the Lord your God in the place where he ²³  chooses to locate his name. 16:3 You must not eat any yeast with it; for seven days you must eat bread made without yeast, symbolic of affliction, for you came out of Egypt hurriedly. You must do this so you will remember for the rest of your life the day you came out of the land of Egypt. 16:4 There must not be a scrap of yeast within your land ²⁴  for seven days, nor can any of the meat you sacrifice on the evening of the first day remain until the next morning. ²⁵  16:5 You may not sacrifice the Passover in just any of your villages ²⁶  that the Lord your God is giving you, 16:6 but you must sacrifice it ²⁷  in the evening in ²⁸  the place where he ²⁹  chooses to locate his name, at sunset, the time of day you came out of Egypt. 16:7 You must cook ³⁰  and eat it in the place the Lord your God chooses; you may return the next morning to your tents. 16:8 You must eat bread made without yeast for six days. The seventh day you are to hold an assembly for the Lord your God; you must not do any work on that day. ³¹ 

The Festival of Weeks

16:9 You must count seven weeks; you must begin to count them ³²  from the time you begin to harvest the standing grain.

[5:10]  ¹ map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[5:11]  ² tn The Hebrew text adds, “on this same day.” This is somewhat redundant in English and has not been translated.

[5:12]  ³ tn Heb “the day after, when they ate.” The present translation assumes this means the day after the Passover, though it is possible it refers to the day after they began eating the land’s produce.

[5:12]  ⁴ tn Heb “and the sons of Israel had no more manna.”

[23:10]  ⁵ tn Heb “and you harvest its harvest.”

[23:10]  ⁶ tn Heb “the sheaf of the first of your harvest.”

[23:11]  ⁷ tn Heb “for your acceptance.”

[23:11]  ⁸ sn See Lev 7:30 for a note on the “waving” of a “wave offering.”

[23:12]  ⁹ tn Heb “And you shall make in the day of your waving the sheaf.”

[23:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “a flawless lamb, a son of its year”; KJV “of the first year”; NLT “a year-old male lamb.”

[23:13]  ¹¹ sn See the note on Lev 5:11.

[23:13]  ¹² sn See the note on Lev 2:1.

[23:13]  ¹³ sn See the note on Lev 1:9.

[23:13]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “wine, one fourth of the hin.” A pre-exilic hin is about 3.6 liters (= ca. 1 quart), so one fourth of a hin would be about one cup.

[23:14]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “until the bone of this day.”

[23:14]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “for your generations.”

[23:15]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “seven Sabbaths, they shall be complete.” The disjunctive accent under “Sabbaths” precludes the translation “seven complete Sabbaths” (as NASB, NIV; cf. NAB, NRSV, NLT). The text is somewhat awkward, which may explain why the LXX tradition is confused here, either adding “you shall count” again at the end of the verse, or leaving out “they shall be,” or keeping “they shall be” and adding “to you.”

[23:16]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “and.” In the translation “then” is supplied to clarify the sequence.

[16:1]  ¹⁹ sn The month Abib, later called Nisan (Neh 2:1; Esth 3:7), corresponds to March-April in the modern calendar.

[16:1]  ²⁰ tn Heb “in the month Abib.” The demonstrative “that” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[16:1]  ²¹ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

[16:2]  ²² tn Heb “sacrifice the Passover” (so NASB). The word “animal” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[16:2]  ²³ tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in the previous verse.

[16:4]  ²⁴ tn Heb “leaven must not be seen among you in all your border.”

[16:4]  ²⁵ tn Heb “remain all night until the morning” (so KJV, ASV). This has been simplified in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[16:5]  ²⁶ tn Heb “gates.”

[16:6]  ²⁷ tn Heb “the Passover.” The translation uses a pronoun to avoid redundancy in English.

[16:6]  ²⁸ tc The MT reading אֶל (’el, “unto”) before “the place” should, following Smr, Syriac, Targums, and Vulgate, be omitted in favor of ב (bet; בַּמָּקוֹם, bammaqom), “in the place.”

[16:6]  ²⁹ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.

[16:7]  ³⁰ tn The rules that governed the Passover meal are found in Exod 12:1-51, and Deut 16:1-8. The word translated “cook” (בָּשַׁל, bashal) here is translated “boil” in other places (e.g. Exod 23:19, 1 Sam 2:13-15). This would seem to contradict Exod 12:9 where the Israelites are told not to eat the Passover sacrifice raw or boiled. However, 2 Chr 35:13 recounts the celebration of a Passover feast during the reign of Josiah, and explains that the people “cooked (בָּשַׁל, bashal) the Passover sacrifices over the open fire.” The use of בָּשַׁל (bashal) with “fire” (אֵשׁ, ’esh) suggests that the word could be used to speak of boiling or roasting.

[16:8]  ³¹ tn The words “on that day” are not in the Hebrew text; they are supplied in the translation for clarification (cf. TEV, NLT).

[16:9]  ³² tn Heb “the seven weeks.” The translation uses a pronoun to avoid redundancy in English.