Leviticus 21:18-21

21:18 Certainly ¹  no man who has a physical flaw is to approach: a blind man, or one who is lame, or one with a slit nose, ²  or a limb too long, 21:19 or a man who has had a broken leg or arm, ³  21:20 or a hunchback, or a dwarf, ⁴  or one with a spot in his eye, ⁵  or a festering eruption, or a feverish rash, ⁶  or a crushed testicle. 21:21 No man from the descendants of Aaron the priest who has a physical flaw may step forward ⁷  to present the Lord’s gifts; he has a physical flaw, so he must not step forward to present the food of his God.

Leviticus 24:19-20

24:19 If a man inflicts an injury on ⁸  his fellow citizen, ⁹  just as he has done it must be done to him – 24:20 fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth – just as he inflicts an injury on another person ¹⁰  that same injury ¹¹  must be inflicted on him.

Jude 1:18

1:18 For they said to you, “In the end time there will come ¹²  scoffers, propelled by their own ungodly desires.” ¹³ 

Jude 1:2

1:2 May mercy, peace, and love be lavished on you! ¹⁴ 

Jude 1:25

1:25 to the only God our Savior through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, power, and authority, before all time, and now, and for all eternity. Amen.

Acts 7:20

7:20 At that time Moses was born, and he was beautiful ¹⁵  to God. For ¹⁶  three months he was brought up in his father’s house,

Ephesians 5:27

5:27 so that he ¹⁷  may present the church to himself as glorious – not having a stain or wrinkle, or any such blemish, but holy and blameless. ¹⁸ 

[21:18]  ¹ tn The particle כִּי (ki) in this context is asseverative, indicating absolutely certainty (GKC 498 §159.ee).

[21:18]  ² tn Lexically, the Hebrew term חָרֻם (kharum) seems to refer to a split nose or perhaps any number of other facial defects (HALOT 354 s.v. II חרם qal; cf. G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 292, n. 7); cf. KJV, ASV “a flat nose”; NASB “a disfigured face.” The NJPS translation is “a limb too short” as a balance to the following term which means “extended, raised,” and apparently refers to “a limb too long” (see the explanation in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 146).

[21:19]  ³ tn Heb “who there is in him a broken leg or a broken arm,” or perhaps “broken foot or broken hand.” The Hebrew term רֶגֶל (regel) is commonly rendered “foot,” but it can also refer to the “leg,” and the Hebrew יָד (yad) is most often translated “hand,” but can also refer to the “[fore]arm” (as opposed to כַּף, kaf, “palm of the hand” or “hand”). See HALOT 386 s.v. יָד and 1184 s.v. רֶגֶל respectively (cf. the NJPS translation). In this context, these terms probably apply to any part of the limb that was broken, including hand and the foot. B. A. Levine (Leviticus [JPSTC], 146) points out that such injuries often did not heal properly in antiquity because they were not properly set and, therefore, remained a “physical flaw” permanently.

[21:20]  ⁴ tn Heb “thin”; cf. NAB “weakly.” This could refer to either an exceptionally small (i.e., dwarfed) man (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 146) or perhaps one with a “withered limb” (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 342, 344).

[21:20]  ⁵ tn The term rendered “spot” derives from a root meaning “mixed” or “confused” (cf. NAB “walleyed”). It apparently refers to any kind of marked flaw in the eye that can be seen by others. Smr, Syriac, Tg. Onq., and Tg. Ps.-J. have plural “his eyes.”

[21:20]  ⁶ tn The exact meaning and medical reference of the terms rendered “festering eruption” and “feverish rash” is unknown, but see the translations and remarks in B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 146; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 342, 344, 349-50; and R. K. Harrison, NIDOTTE 1:890 and 2:461.

[21:21]  ⁷ tn Or “shall approach” (see HALOT 670 s.v. נגשׁ).

[24:19]  ⁸ tn Heb “gives a flaw in”; KJV, ASV “cause a blemish in.”

[24:19]  ⁹ tn Or “neighbor” (so NAB, NASB, NIV); TEV, NLT “another person.”

[24:20]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “in the man [אָדָם, ’adam].”

[24:20]  ¹¹ tn Heb “just as he inflicts an injury…it must be inflicted on him.” The referent (“that same injury”) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:18]  ¹² tn Grk “be.”

[1:18]  ¹³ tn Grk “going according to their own desires of ungodliness.”

[1:2]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “may mercy and peace and love be multiplied to you.”

[7:20]  ¹⁵ tn Or “was well-formed before God,” or “was well-pleasing to God” (BDAG 145 s.v. ἀστεῖος suggests the meaning is more like “well-bred” as far as God was concerned; see Exod 2:2).

[7:20]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “who was brought up for three months.” The continuation of the sentence as a relative clause is awkward in English, so a new sentence was started in the translation by changing the relative pronoun to a regular pronoun (“he”).

[5:27]  ¹⁷ tn The use of the pronoun αὐτός (autos) is intensive and focuses attention on Christ as the one who has made the church glorious.

[5:27]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “but in order that it may be holy and blameless.”