Leviticus 5:7-10

5:7 “‘If he cannot afford an animal from the flock, ¹  he must bring his penalty for guilt for his sin that he has committed, ²  two turtledoves or two young pigeons, ³  to the Lord, one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering. 5:8 He must bring them to the priest and present first the one that is for a sin offering. The priest ⁴  must pinch ⁵  its head at the nape of its neck, but must not sever the head from the body. ⁶  5:9 Then he must sprinkle ⁷  some of the blood of the sin offering on the wall of the altar, and the remainder of the blood ⁸  must be squeezed out at the base of the altar – it is a sin offering. 5:10 The second bird ⁹  he must make a burnt offering according to the standard regulation. ¹⁰  So the priest will make atonement ¹¹  on behalf of this person for ¹²  his sin which he has committed, and he will be forgiven. ¹³ 

Leviticus 14:19-20

14:19 “The priest must then perform the sin offering ¹⁴  and make atonement for the one being cleansed from his impurity. After that he ¹⁵  is to slaughter the burnt offering, 14:20 and the priest is to offer ¹⁶  the burnt offering and the grain offering on the altar. So the priest is to make atonement for him and he will be clean.

Leviticus 14:30-31

14:30 “He will then make one of the turtledoves ¹⁷  or young pigeons, which are within his means, ¹⁸  14:31 a sin offering and the other a burnt offering along with the grain offering. ¹⁹  So the priest is to make atonement for the one being cleansed before the Lord.

[5:7]  ¹ tn Heb “and if his hand does not reach enough of a flock animal” (see the note on v. 11 below). The term translated “animal from the flock” (שֶׂה, seh) is often translated “lamb” (e.g., KJV, NASB, NIV, NCV) or “sheep” (e.g., NRSV, TEV, NLT), but it clearly includes either a sheep or a goat here (cf. v. 6), referring to the smaller pasture animals as opposed to the larger ones (i.e., cattle; cf. 4:3). Some English versions use the more generic “animal” (e.g., NAB, CEV).

[5:7]  ² tn Heb “and he shall bring his guilt which he sinned,” which is an abbreviated form of Lev 5:6, “and he shall bring his [penalty for] guilt to the Lord for his sin which he committed.” The words “for his sin” have been left out in v. 7, and “to the Lord” has been moved so that it follows the mention of the birds.

[5:7]  ³ tn See the note on Lev 1:14 above.

[5:8]  ⁴ tn Heb “he.” The subject (“he”) refers to the priest here, not the offerer who presented the birds to the priest (cf. v. 8a).

[5:8]  ⁵ sn The action seems to involve both a twisting action, breaking the neck of the bird and severing its vertebrae, as well as pinching or nipping the skin, but in this case not severing the head from the main body (note the rest of this verse).

[5:8]  ⁶ tn Heb “he shall not divide [it]” (see J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:305).

[5:9]  ⁷ tn The Hebrew verb וְהִזָּה (vÿhizzah, Hiphil of נָזָה, nazah) does indeed mean “sprinkle” or “splatter” (cf. Lev 4:6, 17). Contrast “splash” in Lev 1:5, etc. (זָרָק, zaraq).

[5:9]  ⁸ tn Heb “the remainder in the blood.” The Heb. preposition “in” (בְּ, bÿ) is used here to mean “some among” a whole collection of something.

[5:10]  ⁹ tn The word “bird” is not in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for clarity.

[5:10]  ¹⁰ sn The term “[standard] regulation” (מִשְׁפָּט, mishppat) here refers to the set of regulations for burnt offering birds in Lev 1:14-17.

[5:10]  ¹¹ sn The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).

[5:10]  ¹² tn See the note on 4:26 with regard to מִן, min.

[5:10]  ¹³ tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).

[14:19]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “do [or “make”] the sin offering.”

[14:19]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “And after[ward] he [i.e., the offerer] shall slaughter.” The LXX adds “the priest” as the subject of the verb (as do several English versions, e.g., NAB, NIV, NCV, NLT), but the offerer is normally the one who does the actually slaughtering of the sacrificial animal (cf. the notes on Lev 1:5a, 6a, and 9a).

[14:20]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “cause to go up.”

[14:30]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “the one from the turtledoves.”

[14:30]  ¹⁸ tc Heb “from which his hand reaches.” The repetition of virtually the same expression at the beginning of v. 31 in the MT is probably due to dittography (cf. the LXX and Syriac). However, the MT may be retained if it is understood as “one of the turtledoves or young pigeons that are within his means – whichever he can afford” (see J. Milgrom’s translation in Leviticus [AB], 1:828, contra his commentary, 862; cf. REB).

[14:31]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and the one a burnt offering on the grain offering.”