Luke 23:1-2

Caesar : a title held by Roman emperors

Pilate : the Roman governor of Judea who allowed Jesus to be crucified

Luke 23:5

Galilee : the region of Palestine north of Sameria and west of the upper Jordan River,a region west of Lake Galilee and north of the Jezreel Valley
(31° 51´, 35° 31´); (32° 42´, 35° 18´); (31° 51´, 35° 31´); (32° 1´, 35° 13´); (32° 48´, 35° 35´)

Judea : a region that roughly corresponded to the earlier kingdom of Judah
(31° 46´, 35° 14´); (31° 46´, 35° 14´)