Matthew 26:7

26:7 a woman came to him with an alabaster jar ¹  of expensive perfumed oil, ²  and she poured it on his head as he was at the table. ³ 

Mark 14:3

Jesus’ Anointing

14:3 Now ⁴  while Jesus ⁵  was in Bethany at the house of Simon the leper, reclining at the table, ⁶  a woman came with an alabaster jar ⁷  of costly aromatic oil ⁸  from pure nard. After breaking open the jar, she poured it on his head.

John 11:2

11:2 (Now it was Mary who anointed the Lord with perfumed oil ⁹  and wiped his feet dry with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick.) ¹⁰ 

John 12:2-3

12:2 So they prepared a dinner for Jesus ¹¹  there. Martha ¹²  was serving, and Lazarus was among those present at the table ¹³  with him. 12:3 Then Mary took three quarters of a pound ¹⁴  of expensive aromatic oil from pure nard ¹⁵  and anointed the feet of Jesus. She ¹⁶  then wiped his feet dry with her hair. (Now the house was filled with the fragrance of the perfumed oil.) ¹⁷ 

[26:7]  ¹ sn A jar made of alabaster stone was normally used for very precious substances like perfumes. It normally had a long neck which was sealed and had to be broken off so the contents could be used.

[26:7]  ² tn Μύρον (muron) was usually made of myrrh (from which the English word is derived) but here it is used in the sense of ointment or perfumed oil (L&N 6.205).

[26:7]  ³ tn Grk “as he was reclining at table.”

[14:3]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

[14:3]  ⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[14:3]  ⁶ sn 1st century middle eastern meals were not eaten while sitting at a table, but while reclining on one’s side on the floor with the head closest to the low table and the feet farthest away.

[14:3]  ⁷ sn A jar made of alabaster stone was normally used for very precious substances like perfumes. It normally had a long neck which was sealed and had to be broken off so the contents could be used.

[14:3]  ⁸ tn Μύρον (muron) was usually made of myrrh (from which the English word is derived) but here it is used in the sense of ointment or perfumed oil (L&N 6.205). The adjective πιστικῆς (pistikh") is difficult with regard to its exact meaning; some have taken it to derive from πίστις (pistis) and relate to the purity of the oil of nard. More probably it is something like a brand name, “pistic nard,” the exact significance of which has not been discovered.

[11:2]  ⁹ tn Or “perfume,” “ointment.”

[11:2]  ¹⁰ sn This is a parenthetical note by the author. It is a bit surprising that the author here identifies Mary as the one who anointed the Lord with perfumed oil and wiped his feet dry with her hair, since this event is not mentioned until later, in 12:3. Many see this “proleptic” reference as an indication that the author expected his readers to be familiar with the story already, and go on to assume that in general the author in writing the Fourth Gospel assumed his readers were familiar with the other three gospels. Whether the author assumed actual familiarity with the synoptic gospels or not, it is probable that he did assume some familiarity with Mary’s anointing activity.

[12:2]  ¹¹ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity and to conform with contemporary English style.

[12:2]  ¹² tn Grk “And Martha.” The connective καί (kai, “and”) has been omitted in the translation because it would produce a run-on sentence in English.

[12:2]  ¹³ tn Grk “reclining at the table.”

[12:3]  ¹⁴ tn Or “half a liter”; Grk “a pound” (that is, a Roman pound, about 325 grams or 12 ounces).

[12:3]  ¹⁵ tn Μύρον (muron) was usually made of myrrh (from which the English word is derived) but here it is used in the sense of ointment or perfumed oil (L&N 6.205). The adjective πιστικῆς (pistikh") is difficult with regard to its exact meaning; some have taken it to derive from πίστις (pistis) and relate to the purity of the oil of nard. More probably it is something like a brand name, “pistic nard,” the exact significance of which has not been discovered.

[12:3]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “And she.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[12:3]  ¹⁷ sn This is a parenthetical note by the author. With a note characteristic of someone who was there and remembered, the author adds that the house was filled with the fragrance of the perfumed oil. In the later rabbinic literature, Ecclesiastes Rabbah 7.1.1 states “The fragrance of good oil is diffused from the bedroom to the dining hall, but a good name is diffused from one end of the world to the other.” If such a saying was known in the 1st century, this might be the author’s way of indicating that Mary’s act of devotion would be spoken of throughout the entire world (compare the comment in Mark 14:9).