Nehemiah 13:23-24

13:23 Also in those days I saw the men of Judah who had married women from Ashdod, Ammon, and Moab. 13:24 Half of their children spoke the language of Ashdod (or the language of one of the other peoples mentioned ¹ ) and were unable to speak the language of Judah.

Psalms 144:7

144:7 Reach down ²  from above!

Grab me and rescue me from the surging water, ³ 

from the power of foreigners, ⁴ 

Psalms 144:11

144:11 Grab me and rescue me from the power of foreigners, ⁵ 

who speak lies,

and make false promises. ⁶ 

Malachi 2:11-15

2:11 Judah has become disloyal, and unspeakable sins have been committed in Israel and Jerusalem. ⁷  For Judah has profaned ⁸  the holy things that the Lord loves and has turned to a foreign god! ⁹  2:12 May the Lord cut off from the community ¹⁰  of Jacob every last person who does this, ¹¹  as well as the person who presents improper offerings to the Lord who rules over all!

2:13 You also do this: You cover the altar of the Lord with tears ¹²  as you weep and groan, because he no longer pays any attention to the offering nor accepts it favorably from you. 2:14 Yet you ask, “Why?” The Lord is testifying against you on behalf of the wife you married when you were young, ¹³  to whom you have become unfaithful even though she is your companion and wife by law. ¹⁴  2:15 No one who has even a small portion of the Spirit in him does this. ¹⁵  What did our ancestor ¹⁶  do when seeking a child from God? Be attentive, then, to your own spirit, for one should not be disloyal to the wife he took in his youth. ¹⁷ 

[13:24]  ¹ tn Heb “people and people.”

[144:7]  ² tn Heb “stretch out your hands.”

[144:7]  ³ tn Heb “mighty waters.” The waters of the sea symbolize the psalmist’s powerful foreign enemies, as well as the realm of death they represent (see the next line and Ps 18:16-17).

[144:7]  ⁴ tn Heb “from the hand of the sons of foreignness.”

[144:11]  ⁵ tn Heb “from the hand of the sons of foreignness.”

[144:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “who [with] their mouth speak falsehood, and their right hand is a right hand of falsehood.” See v. 8 where the same expression occurs.

[2:11]  ⁷ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[2:11]  ⁸ tn Or perhaps “secularized”; cf. NIV “desecrated”; TEV, NLT “defiled”; CEV “disgraced.”

[2:11]  ⁹ tn Heb “has married the daughter of a foreign god.” Marriage is used here as a metaphor to describe Judah’s idolatry, that is, her unfaithfulness to the Lord and “remarriage” to pagan gods. But spiritual intermarriage found expression in literal, physical marriage as well, as vv. 14-16 indicate.

[2:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “tents,” used figuratively for the community here (cf. NCV, TEV); NLT “the nation of Israel.”

[2:12]  ¹¹ tc Heb “every man who does this, him who is awake and him who answers.” For “answers” the LXX suggests an underlying Hebrew text of עָנָה (’anah, “to be humbled”), and then the whole phrase is modified slightly: “until he is humbled.” This requires also that the MT עֵר (’er, “awake”) be read as עֵד (’ed, “until”; here the LXX reads ἕως, Jews). The reading of the LXX is most likely an alteration to correct what is arguably a difficult text.

[2:13]  ¹² sn You cover the altar of the Lord with tears. These tears are the false tears of hypocrisy, not genuine tears of repentance. The people weep because the Lord will not hear them, not because of their sin.

[2:14]  ¹³ tn Heb “the Lord is a witness between you and [between] the wife of your youth.”

[2:14]  ¹⁴ sn Though there is no explicit reference to marriage vows in the OT (but see Job 7:13; Prov 2:17; Ezek 16:8), the term law (Heb “covenant”) here asserts that such vows or agreements must have existed. References to divorce documents (e.g., Deut 24:1-3; Jer 3:8) also presuppose the existence of marriage documents.

[2:15]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and not one has done, and a remnant of the spirit to him.” The very elliptical nature of the statement suggests it is proverbial. The present translation represents an attempt to clarify the meaning of the statement (cf. NASB).

[2:15]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “the one.” This is an oblique reference to Abraham who sought to obtain God’s blessing by circumventing God’s own plan for him by taking Hagar as wife (Gen 16:1-6). The result of this kind of intermarriage was, of course, disastrous (Gen 16:11-12).

[2:15]  ¹⁷ sn The wife he took in his youth probably refers to the first wife one married (cf. NCV “the wife you married when you were young”).