Discovery BoxPsalms 78:33
Context78:33 So he caused them to die unsatisfied 1
and filled with terror. 2
Psalms 88:15
Context88:15 I am oppressed and have been on the verge of death since my youth. 3
I have been subjected to your horrors and am numb with pain. 4
Psalms 102:3-28
Context102:3 For my days go up in smoke, 5
and my bones are charred like a fireplace. 6
102:4 My heart is parched 7 and withered like grass,
for I am unable 8 to eat food. 9
102:5 Because of the anxiety that makes me groan,
my bones protrude from my skin. 10
102:6 I am like an owl 11 in the wilderness;
I am like a screech owl 12 among the ruins. 13
I am like a solitary bird on a roof.
102:8 All day long my enemies taunt me;
those who mock me use my name in their curses. 15
102:9 For I eat ashes as if they were bread, 16
and mix my drink with my tears, 17
102:10 because of your anger and raging fury.
Indeed, 18 you pick me up and throw me away.
102:11 My days are coming to an end, 19
and I am withered like grass.
102:12 But you, O Lord, rule forever, 20
and your reputation endures. 21
102:13 You will rise up and have compassion on Zion. 22
For it is time to have mercy on her,
for the appointed time has come.
102:14 Indeed, 23 your servants take delight in her stones,
and feel compassion for 24 the dust of her ruins. 25
102:15 The nations will respect the reputation of the Lord, 26
and all the kings of the earth will respect 27 his splendor,
102:16 when the Lord rebuilds Zion,
and reveals his splendor,
102:17 when he responds to the prayer of the destitute, 28
and does not reject 29 their request. 30
102:18 The account of his intervention 31 will be recorded for future generations;
people yet to be born will praise the Lord.
102:19 For he will look down from his sanctuary above; 32
from heaven the Lord will look toward earth, 33
102:20 in order to hear the painful cries of the prisoners,
and to set free those condemned to die, 34
102:21 so they may proclaim the name of the Lord in Zion,
and praise him 35 in Jerusalem, 36
102:22 when the nations gather together,
and the kingdoms pay tribute to the Lord. 37
102:23 He has taken away my strength in the middle of life; 38
he has cut short my days.
102:24 I say, “O my God, please do not take me away in the middle of my life! 39
You endure through all generations. 40
102:25 In earlier times you established the earth;
the skies are your handiwork.
102:26 They will perish,
but you will endure. 41
They will wear out like a garment;
like clothes you will remove them and they will disappear. 42
your years do not come to an end.
102:28 The children of your servants will settle down here,
and their descendants 44 will live securely in your presence.” 45
Job 3:24
Context3:24 For my sighing comes in place of 46 my food, 47
and my groanings 48 flow forth like water. 49
Romans 9:2
Context9:2 I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart. 50
[78:33] 1 tn Heb “and he ended in vanity their days.”
[78:33] 2 tn Heb “and their years in terror.”
[88:15] 3 tn Heb “and am dying from youth.”
[88:15] 4 tn Heb “I carry your horrors [?].” The meaning of the Hebrew form אָפוּנָה (’afunah), which occurs only here in the OT, is unclear. It may be an adverb meaning “very much” (BDB 67 s.v.), though some prefer to emend the text to אָפוּגָה (’afugah, “I am numb”) from the verb פוּג (pug; see Pss 38:8; 77:2).
[102:3] 5 tn Heb “for my days come to an end in smoke.”
[102:3] 6 tn The Hebrew noun מוֹ־קֵד (mo-qed, “fireplace”) occurs only here, in Isa 33:14 (where it refers to the fire itself), and perhaps in Lev 6:2.
[102:4] 7 tn Heb “struck, attacked.”
[102:4] 9 sn I am unable to eat food. During his time of mourning, the psalmist refrained from eating. In the following verse he describes metaphorically the physical effects of fasting.
[102:5] 10 tn Heb “from the sound of my groaning my bone[s] stick to my flesh.” The preposition at the beginning of the verse is causal; the phrase “sound of my groaning” is metonymic for the anxiety that causes the groaning. The point seems to be this: Anxiety (which causes the psalmist to groan) keeps him from eating (v. 4). This physical deprivation in turn makes him emaciated – he is turned to “skin and bones,” so to speak.
[102:6] 11 tn The Hebrew term קָאַת (qa’at) refers to some type of bird (see Lev 11:18; Deut 14:17) that was typically found near ruins (see Zeph 2:14). Modern translations have frequently rendered this as some type of owl (NIV, REB “desert owl”; NRSV “owl”).
[102:6] 12 tn The Hebrew term כוֹס (khos) refers to a bird (see Lev 11:17; Deut 14:16), probably a type of owl (cf. NIV, REB “owl”; NRSV “little owl”).
[102:6] 13 sn By comparing himself to a screech owl among the ruins, the psalmist may be highlighting his loneliness (see v. 7), though he may also be comparing his cries for help to the owl’s screech.
[102:7] 14 tn This probably refers to the psalmist’s inability to sleep. Another option is to translate, “I keep watch,” in which case it might refer to watching for a response from the
[102:8] 15 tn Heb “by me they swear.” When the psalmist’s enemies call judgment down on others, they hold the psalmist up as a prime example of what they desire their enemies to become.
[102:9] 16 sn Mourners would sometimes put ashes on their head or roll in ashes as a sign of mourning (see 2 Sam 13:19; Job 2:8; Isa 58:5).
[102:11] 19 tn Heb “my days [are] like an extended [or “lengthening”] shadow,” that is, like a late afternoon shadow made by the descending sun that will soon be swallowed up by complete darkness.
[102:12] 20 tn Heb “sit” (i.e., sit enthroned, see Ps 9:7). The imperfect verbal form highlights the generalization.
[102:12] 21 tn Heb “and your remembrance [is] for a generation and a generation.”
[102:13] 22 tn The imperfect verbal forms are understood as expressing the psalmist’s confidence in God’s intervention. Another option is to take them as expressing the psalmist’s request or wish, “You, rise up and have compassion!”
[102:14] 24 tn The Poel of חָנַן (khanan) occurs only here and in Prov 14:21, where it refers to having compassion on the poor.
[102:14] 25 tn Heb “her dust,” probably referring to the dust of the city’s rubble.
[102:15] 26 tn Heb “will fear the name of the
[102:15] 27 tn The verb “will fear” is understood by ellipsis in the second line (see the preceding line).
[102:17] 28 tn The Hebrew adjective עַרְעָר (’arar, “destitute”) occurs only here in the OT. It is derived from the verbal root ערר (“to strip oneself”).
[102:17] 30 tn The perfect verbal forms in vv. 16-17 are functioning as future perfects, indicating future actions that will precede the future developments described in v. 15.
[102:18] 31 tn The Hebrew text has simply “this,” referring to the anticipated divine intervention on behalf of Zion (vv. 13, 16-17). The referent has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[102:19] 32 tn Heb “from the height of his sanctuary.”
[102:19] 33 tn The perfect verbal forms in v. 19 are functioning as future perfects, indicating future actions that will precede the future developments described in v. 18.
[102:20] 34 tn Heb “the sons of death.” The phrase “sons of death” (see also Ps 79:11) is idiomatic for those condemned to die.
[102:21] 35 tn Heb “his praise.”
[102:21] 36 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[102:22] 37 tn “and the kingdoms to serve the
[102:23] 38 tn Heb “he has afflicted my strength in the way.” The term “way” refers here to the course of the psalmist’s life, which appears to be ending prematurely (vv. 23b-24).
[102:24] 39 tn Heb “do not lift me up in the middle of my days.”
[102:24] 40 tn Heb “in a generation of generations [are] your years.”
[102:26] 42 tn The Hebrew verb חָלַף (khalaf) occurs twice in this line, once in the Hiphil (“you will remove them”) and once in the Qal (“they will disappear”). The repetition draws attention to the statement.
[102:27] 43 tn Heb “you [are] he,” or “you [are] the one.” The statement may echo the
[102:28] 44 tn Or “offspring”; Heb “seed.”
[102:28] 45 tn Heb “before you will be established.”
[3:24] 46 tn For the prepositional לִפְנֵי (lifne), the temporal meaning “before” (“my sighing comes before I eat”) makes very little sense here (as the versions have it). The meaning “in place of, for” fits better (see 1 Sam 1:16, “count not your handmaid for a daughter of Belial”).
[3:24] 47 sn The line means that Job’s sighing, which results from the suffering (metonymy of effect) is his constant, daily food. Parallels like Ps 42:3 which says “my tears have been my bread/food” shows a similar figure.
[3:24] 48 tn The word normally describes the “roaring” of a lion (Job 4:10); but it is used for the loud groaning or cries of those in distress (Pss 22:1; 32:3).
[3:24] 49 tn This second colon is paraphrased in the LXX to say, “I weep being beset with terror.” The idea of “pouring forth water” while groaning can be represented by “I weep.” The word “fear, terror” anticipates the next verse.
[9:2] 50 tn Grk “my sorrow is great and the anguish in my heart is unceasing.”
