Romans 15:22

Paul’s Intention of Visiting the Romans

15:22 This is the reason I was often hindered from coming to you.

Acts 16:6-7

Paul’s Vision of the Macedonian Man

16:6 They went through the region of Phrygia ¹  and Galatia, ²  having been prevented ³  by the Holy Spirit from speaking the message ⁴  in the province of Asia. ⁵  16:7 When they came to ⁶  Mysia, ⁷  they attempted to go into Bithynia, ⁸  but the Spirit of Jesus did not allow ⁹  them to do this, ¹⁰ 

Acts 16:1

Timothy Joins Paul and Silas

16:1 He also came to Derbe ¹¹  and to Lystra. ¹²  A disciple ¹³  named Timothy was there, the son of a Jewish woman who was a believer, ¹⁴  but whose father was a Greek. ¹⁵ 

Acts 1:8

1:8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the farthest parts ¹⁶  of the earth.”

Acts 2:18

2:18 Even on my servants, ¹⁷  both men and women,

I will pour out my Spirit in those days, and they will prophesy. ¹⁸ 

Acts 2:2

2:2 Suddenly ¹⁹  a sound ²⁰  like a violent wind blowing ²¹  came from heaven ²²  and filled the entire house where they were sitting.

Acts 2:7

2:7 Completely baffled, they said, ²³  “Aren’t ²⁴  all these who are speaking Galileans?

[16:6]  ¹ sn Phrygia was a district in central Asia Minor west of Pisidia.

[16:6]  ² sn Galatia refers to either (1) the region of the old kingdom of Galatia in the central part of Asia Minor (North Galatia), or (2) the Roman province of Galatia, whose principal cities in the 1st century were Ancyra and Pisidian Antioch (South Galatia). The exact extent and meaning of this area has been a subject of considerable controversy in modern NT studies.

[16:6]  ³ tn Or “forbidden.”

[16:6]  ⁴ tn Or “word.”

[16:6]  ⁵ tn Grk “Asia”; in the NT this always refers to the Roman province of Asia, made up of about one-third of the west and southwest end of modern Asia Minor. Asia lay to the west of the region of Phrygia and Galatia. The words “the province of” are supplied to indicate to the modern reader that this does not refer to the continent of Asia.

[16:7]  ⁶ tn BDAG 511 s.v. κατά B.1.b has “to Mysia” here.

[16:7]  ⁷ sn Mysia was a province in northwest Asia Minor.

[16:7]  ⁸ sn Bithynia was a province in northern Asia Minor northeast of Mysia.

[16:7]  ⁹ tn Or “permit”; see BDAG 269 s.v. ἐάω 1.

[16:7]  ¹⁰ tn The words “do this” are not in the Greek text, but are supplied for stylistic reasons, since English handles ellipses differently than Greek.

[16:1]  ¹¹ sn Derbe was a city in Lycaonia about 35 mi (60 km) southeast of Lystra. It was about 90 mi (145 km) from Tarsus.

[16:1]  ¹² sn Lystra was a city in Lycaonia about 25 mi (40 km) south of Iconium.

[16:1]  ¹³ tn Grk “And behold, a disciple.” Here ἰδού (idou) has not been translated.

[16:1]  ¹⁴ tn L&N 31.103 translates this phrase “the son of a Jewish woman who was a believer.”

[16:1]  ¹⁵ sn His father was a Greek. Timothy was the offspring of a mixed marriage between a Jewish woman (see 2 Tim 1:5) and a Gentile man. On mixed marriages in Judaism, see Neh 13:23-27; Ezra 9:1-10:44; Mal 2:10-16; Jub. 30:7-17; m. Qiddushin 3.12; m. Yevamot 7.5.

[1:8]  ¹⁶ tn Or “to the ends.”

[2:18]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “slaves.” Although this translation frequently renders δοῦλος (doulos) as “slave,” the connotation is often of one who has sold himself into slavery; in a spiritual sense, the idea is that of becoming a slave of God or of Jesus Christ voluntarily. The voluntary notion is not conspicuous here; hence, the translation “servants.” In any case, the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. BDAG notes that “‘servant’ for ‘slave’ is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times…in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished” (BDAG 260 s.v.). The most accurate translation is “bondservant” (sometimes found in the ASV for δοῦλος), in that it often indicates one who sells himself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force.

[2:18]  ¹⁸ sn The words and they will prophesy in Acts 2:18 are not quoted from Joel 2:29 at this point but are repeated from earlier in the quotation (Acts 2:17) for emphasis. Tongues speaking is described as prophecy, just like intelligible tongues are described in 1 Cor 14:26-33.

[2:2]  ¹⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated for stylistic reasons. It occurs as part of the formula καὶ ἐγένετο (kai egeneto) which is often left untranslated in Luke-Acts because it is redundant in contemporary English. Here it is possible (and indeed necessary) to translate ἐγένετο as “came” so that the initial clause of the English translation contains a verb; nevertheless the translation of the conjunction καί is not necessary.

[2:2]  ²⁰ tn Or “a noise.”

[2:2]  ²¹ tn While φέρω (ferw) generally refers to movement from one place to another with the possible implication of causing the movement of other objects, in Acts 2:2 φέρομαι (feromai) should probably be understood in a more idiomatic sense of “blowing” since it is combined with the noun for wind (πνοή, pnoh).

[2:2]  ²² tn Or “from the sky.” The Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) may be translated “sky” or “heaven” depending on the context.

[2:7]  ²³ tn Grk “They were astounded and amazed, saying.” The two imperfect verbs, ἐξίσταντο (existanto) and ἐθαύμαζον (eqaumazon), show both the surprise and the confusion on the part of the hearers. The verb ἐξίσταντο (from ἐξίστημι, existhmi) often implies an illogical perception or response (BDAG 350 s.v. ἐξίστημι): “to be so astonished as to almost fail to comprehend what one has experienced” (L&N 25.218).

[2:7]  ²⁴ tn Grk “Behold, aren’t all these.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) at the beginning of this statement has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).