Zechariah 13:7

13:7 “Awake, sword, against my shepherd,

against the man who is my associate,”

says the Lord who rules over all.

Strike the shepherd that the flock may be scattered; ¹ 

I will turn my hand against the insignificant ones.

Isaiah 32:1-2

Justice and Wisdom Will Prevail

32:1 Look, a king will promote fairness; ² 

officials will promote justice. ³ 

32:2 Each of them ⁴  will be like a shelter from the wind

and a refuge from a rainstorm;

like streams of water in a dry region

and like the shade of a large cliff in a parched land.

Micah 5:5

5:5 He will give us peace. ⁵ 

Should the Assyrians try to invade our land

and attempt to set foot in our fortresses, ⁶ 

we will send ⁷  against them seven ⁸  shepherd-rulers, ⁹ 

make that eight commanders. ¹⁰ 

Mark 15:39

15:39 Now when the centurion, ¹¹  who stood in front of him, saw how he died, ¹²  he said, “Truly this man was God’s Son!”

John 19:5

19:5 So Jesus came outside, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. ¹³  Pilate ¹⁴  said to them, “Look, here is the man!” ¹⁵ 

Acts 13:38

13:38 Therefore let it be known to you, brothers, that through this one ¹⁶  forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you,

Acts 17:31

17:31 because he has set ¹⁷  a day on which he is going to judge the world ¹⁸  in righteousness, by a man whom he designated, ¹⁹  having provided proof to everyone by raising ²⁰  him from the dead.”

Hebrews 7:4

7:4 But see how great he must be, if ²¹  Abraham the patriarch gave him a tithe ²²  of his plunder.

Hebrews 7:24

7:24 but he holds his priesthood permanently since he lives forever.

Hebrews 8:3

8:3 For every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices. So this one too had to have something to offer.

Hebrews 10:12

10:12 But when this priest ²³  had offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, he sat down at the right hand ²⁴  of God,

[13:7]  ¹ sn Despite the NT use of this text to speak of the scattering of the disciples following Jesus’ crucifixion (Matt 26:31; Mark 14:27), the immediate context of Zechariah suggests that unfaithful shepherds (kings) will be punished by the Lord precisely so their flocks (disobedient Israel) can be scattered (cf. Zech 11:6, 8, 9, 16). It is likely that Jesus drew on this passage merely to make the point that whenever shepherds are incapacitated, sheep will scatter. Thus he was not identifying himself with the shepherd in this text (the shepherd in the Zechariah text is a character who is portrayed negatively).

[32:1]  ² tn Heb “will reign according to fairness.”

[32:1]  ³ tn Heb “will rule according to justice.”

[32:2]  ⁴ tn Heb “a man,” but אִישׁ (’ish) probably refers here to “each” of the officials mentioned in the previous verse.

[5:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “and this one will be peace”; ASV “and this man shall be our peace” (cf. Eph 2:14).

[5:5]  ⁶ tc Some prefer to read “in our land,” emending the text to בְּאַדְמָתֵנוּ (bÿ’admatenu).

[5:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “raise up.”

[5:5]  ⁸ sn The numbers seven and eight here symbolize completeness and emphasize that Israel will have more than enough military leadership and strength to withstand the Assyrian advance.

[5:5]  ⁹ tn Heb “shepherds.”

[5:5]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and eight leaders of men.”

[15:39]  ¹¹ sn A centurion was a noncommissioned officer in the Roman army or one of the auxiliary territorial armies, commanding a centuria of (nominally) 100 men. The responsibilities of centurions were broadly similar to modern junior officers, but there was a wide gap in social status between them and officers, and relatively few were promoted beyond the rank of senior centurion. The Roman troops stationed in Judea were auxiliaries, who would normally be rewarded with Roman citizenship after 25 years of service. Some of the centurions may have served originally in the Roman legions (regular army) and thus gained their citizenship at enlistment. Others may have inherited it, like Paul.

[15:39]  ¹² tn Grk “the way he breathed his last”; or “the way he expired”; or “that he thus breathed no more.”

[19:5]  ¹³ sn See the note on the purple robe in 19:2.

[19:5]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “He”; the referent (Pilate) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[19:5]  ¹⁵ sn Look, here is the man! Pilate may have meant no more than something like “Here is the accused!” or in a contemptuous way, “Here is your king!” Others have taken Pilate’s statement as intended to evoke pity from Jesus’ accusers: “Look at this poor fellow!” (Jesus would certainly not have looked very impressive after the scourging). For the author, however, Pilate’s words constituted an unconscious allusion to Zech 6:12, “Look, here is the man whose name is the Branch.” In this case Pilate (unknowingly and ironically) presented Jesus to the nation under a messianic title.

[13:38]  ¹⁶ tn That is, Jesus. This pronoun is in emphatic position in the Greek text. Following this phrase in the Greek text is the pronoun ὑμῖν (Jumin, “to you”), so that the emphasis for the audience is that “through Jesus to you” these promises have come.

[17:31]  ¹⁷ tn Or “fixed.”

[17:31]  ¹⁸ sn The world refers to the whole inhabited earth.

[17:31]  ¹⁹ tn Or “appointed.” BDAG 723 s.v. ὁρίζω 2.b has “of persons appoint, designate, declare: God judges the world ἐν ἀνδρὶ ᾧ ὥρισεν through a man whom he has appointed Ac 17:31.”

[17:31]  ²⁰ tn The participle ἀναστήσας (anasthsa") indicates means here.

[7:4]  ²¹ tn Grk “to whom.”

[7:4]  ²² tn Or “a tenth part.”

[10:12]  ²³ tn Grk “this one.” This pronoun refers to Jesus, but “this priest” was used in the translation to make the contrast between the Jewish priests in v. 11 and Jesus as a priest clearer in English.

[10:12]  ²⁴ sn An allusion to Ps 110:1.