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Zephaniah 3:3

Context

3:3 Her princes 1  are as fierce as roaring lions; 2 

her rulers 3  are as hungry as wolves in the desert, 4 

who completely devour their prey by morning. 5 

Matthew 7:15

Context
A Tree and Its Fruit

7:15 “Watch out for false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing but inwardly are voracious wolves. 6 

Matthew 10:16

Context
Persecution of Disciples

10:16 “I 7  am sending you out like sheep surrounded by wolves, 8  so be wise as serpents and innocent as doves.

Luke 10:3

Context
10:3 Go! I 9  am sending you out like lambs 10  surrounded by wolves. 11 

John 10:12

Context
10:12 The hired hand, 12  who is not a shepherd and does not own sheep, sees the wolf coming and abandons 13  the sheep and runs away. 14  So the wolf attacks 15  the sheep and scatters them.

John 10:2

Context
10:2 The one who enters by the door is the shepherd of the sheep.

John 2:1

Context
Turning Water into Wine

2:1 Now on the third day there was a wedding at Cana 16  in Galilee. 17  Jesus’ mother 18  was there,

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[3:3]  1 tn Or “officials.”

[3:3]  2 tn Heb “her princes in her midst are roaring lions.” The metaphor has been translated as a simile (“as fierce as”) for clarity.

[3:3]  3 tn Traditionally “judges.”

[3:3]  4 tn Heb “her judges [are] wolves of the evening,” that is, wolves that prowl at night. The translation assumes an emendation to עֲרָבָה (’aravah, “desert”). For a discussion of this and other options, see Adele Berlin, Zephaniah (AB 25A), 128. The metaphor has been translated as a simile (“as hungry as”) for clarity.

[3:3]  5 tn Heb “they do not gnaw [a bone] at morning.” The precise meaning of the line is unclear. The statement may mean these wolves devour their prey so completely that not even a bone is left to gnaw by the time morning arrives. For a discussion of this and other options, see Adele Berlin, Zephaniah (AB 25A), 129.

[7:15]  6 sn Sheeps clothing…voracious wolves. Jesus uses a metaphor here to point out that these false prophets appear to be one thing, but in reality they are something quite different and dangerous.

[10:16]  7 tn Grk “Behold I.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).

[10:16]  8 sn This imagery of wolves is found in intertestamental Judaism; see Pss. Sol. 8:23, 30.

[10:3]  9 tn Grk “Behold I.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).

[10:3]  10 sn On the imagery of lambs see Isa 40:11, Ezek 34:11-31, and John 10:1-18.

[10:3]  11 sn This imagery of wolves is found in intertestamental Judaism as well; see Pss. Sol. 8:23.

[10:12]  12 sn Jesus contrasts the behavior of the shepherd with that of the hired hand. This is a worker who is simply paid to do a job; he has no other interest in the sheep and is certainly not about to risk his life for them. When they are threatened, he simply runs away.

[10:12]  13 tn Grk “leaves.”

[10:12]  14 tn Or “flees.”

[10:12]  15 tn Or “seizes.” The more traditional rendering, “snatches,” has the idea of seizing something by force and carrying it off, which is certainly possible here. However, in the sequence in John 10:12, this action precedes the scattering of the flock of sheep, so “attacks” is preferable.

[2:1]  16 map For location see Map1 C3; Map2 D2; Map3 C5.

[2:1]  17 sn Cana in Galilee was not a very well-known place. It is mentioned only here, in 4:46, and 21:2, and nowhere else in the NT. Josephus (Life 16 [86]) says he once had his quarters there. The probable location is present day Khirbet Cana, 8 mi (14 km) north of Nazareth, or Khirbet Kenna, 4 mi (7 km) northeast of Nazareth.

[2:1]  18 tn Grk “in Galilee, and Jesus’ mother.”



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