NETBible | ח (Khet) Jerusalem committed terrible sin; 1 therefore she became an object of scorn. 2 All who admired 3 her have despised her 4 because they have seen her nakedness. 5 She groans aloud 6 and turns away in shame. 7 |
NIV © |
Jerusalem has sinned greatly and so has become unclean. All who honoured her despise her, for they have seen her nakedness; she herself groans and turns away. |
NASB © |
Jerusalem sinned greatly, Therefore she has become an unclean thing. All who honored her despise her Because they have seen her nakedness; Even she herself groans and turns away. |
NLT © |
Jerusalem has sinned greatly, so she has been tossed away like a filthy rag. All who once honored her now despise her, for they have seen her stripped naked and humiliated. All she can do is groan and hide her face. |
MSG © |
Jerusalem, who outsinned the whole world, is an outcast. All who admired her despise her now that they see beneath the surface. Miserable, she groans and turns away in shame. |
BBE © |
Great is the sin of Jerusalem; for this cause she has become an unclean thing: all those who gave her honour are looking down on her, because they have seen her shame: now truly, breathing out grief, she is turned back. |
NRSV © |
Jerusalem sinned grievously, so she has become a mockery; all who honored her despise her, for they have seen her nakedness; she herself groans, and turns her face away. |
NKJV © |
Jerusalem has sinned gravely, Therefore she has become vile. All who honored her despise her Because they have seen her nakedness; Yes, she sighs and turns away. |
KJV | Jerusalem <03389> hath grievously <02399> sinned <02398> (8804)_; therefore she is removed <05206>_: all that honoured <03513> (8764) her despise <02107> (8689) her, because they have seen <07200> (8804) her nakedness <06172>_: yea, she sigheth <0584> (8738)_, and turneth <07725> (8799) backward <0268>_. {is...: Heb. is become a removing, or, wandering} |
NASB © |
Jerusalem <3389> sinned <2398> greatly <2399> , Therefore <5921> <3651> she has become <1961> an unclean <5206> thing <5206> . All <3605> who honored <3513> her despise <2151> her Because <3588> they have seen <7200> her nakedness <6172> ; Even <1571> she herself <1931> groans <584> and turns <7725> away .<268> |
LXXM | amartian <266> N-ASF hmarten <264> V-AAI-3S ierousalhm <2419> N-PRI dia <1223> PREP touto <3778> D-ASN eiv <1519> PREP salon <4535> N-ASM egeneto <1096> V-AMI-3S pantev <3956> A-NPM oi <3588> T-NPM doxazontev <1392> V-PAPNP authn <846> D-ASF etapeinwsan <5013> V-AAI-3P authn <846> D-ASF eidon <3708> V-AAI-3P gar <1063> PRT thn <3588> T-ASF aschmosunhn <808> N-ASF authv <846> D-GSF kai <2532> CONJ ge <1065> PRT auth <846> D-NSF stenazousa <4727> V-PAPNS kai <2532> CONJ apestrafh <654> V-API-3S opisw <3694> ADV |
NET [draft] ITL | ח(Khet) Jerusalem <03389> committed terrible <02399> sin <02398> ; therefore <03651> she became <01961> an object of scorn <05206> . All <03605> who admired <03513> her have despised <02107> her because <03588> they have seen <07200> her nakedness <06172> . She groans <0584> aloud and turns away <07725> in shame .<0268> |
HEBREW | o rwxa <0268> bstw <07725> hxnan <0584> ayh <01931> Mg <01571> htwre <06172> war <07200> yk <03588> hwlyzh <02107> hydbkm <03513> lk <03605> htyh <01961> hdynl <05206> Nk <03651> le <05921> Mlswry <03389> hajx <02398> ajx (1:8) <02399> |
NETBible | ח (Khet) Jerusalem committed terrible sin; 1 therefore she became an object of scorn. 2 All who admired 3 her have despised her 4 because they have seen her nakedness. 5 She groans aloud 6 and turns away in shame. 7 |
NET Notes |
1 tc The MT reads חֵטְא (khet’, “sin”), but the BHS editors suggest the vocalization חָטֹא (khato’, “sin”), Qal infinitive absolute. 2 tn Heb “she has become an object of head-nodding” (לְנִידָה הָיָתָה, lÿniydah hayatah). This reflects the ancient Near Eastern custom of shaking the head in scorn (e.g., Jer 18:16; Ps 44:15 [HT 14]), hence the translation “object of scorn.” There is debate whether נִידָה (nidah) means (1) “object of head-shaking” from נוּד (nud, “to shake,” BDB 626-27 s.v. נוּד); (2) “unclean thing” from נָדַה (nadah, “to be impure”); or (3) “wanderer” from נָדַד (nadad, “to wander,” BDB 622 s.v. I נָדַד). The LXX and Rashi connected it to נָדַד (nadad, “to wander”); however, several important early Greek recensions (Aquila and Symmachus) and Syriac translated it as “unclean thing.” The modern English versions are split: (1) “unclean thing” (NASB); “unclean” (NIV); (2) “a mockery” (NRSV). 3 sn The Piel participle of כָּבֵד (kaved) is infrequent and usually translated formulaically as those who honor someone. The feminine nuance may be best represented as “her admirers have despised her.” 4 tn The verb הִזִּילוּהָ (hizziluha) is generally understood as a rare form of Hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix from I זָלַל (zalal, “to despise”): “they despise her.” This follows the I nun (ן) pattern with daghesh (dot) in zayin (ז) rather than the expected geminate pattern הִזִילּוּהָ (hizilluha) with daghesh in lamed (ל) (GKC 178-79 §67.l). 5 sn The expression have seen her nakedness is a common metaphor to describe the plunder and looting of a city by a conquering army, probably drawn on the ignominious and heinous custom of raping the women of a conquered city as well. 6 tn Heb “groan” or “sigh.” The verb אָנַח (’anakh, appearing only in Niphal) means “sigh” (BDB 58 s.v. 1) or “groan” (HALOT 70-71 s.v.) as an expression of grief (Prov 29:2; Isa 24:7; Lam 1:4, 8; Ezek 9:4; 21:11). The word גַּם (gam) is usually a particle meaning “also,” but has been shown from Ugaritic to have the meaning “aloud.” See T. McDaniel, “Philological Studies in Lamentations, I-II,” Bib 49 (1968): 31-32. 7 tn Heb “and turns backward.” |