Discovery Box2 Chronicles 24:17-18
Context24:17 After Jehoiada died, the officials of Judah visited the king and declared their loyalty to him. 1 The king listened to their advice. 2 24:18 They abandoned the temple of the Lord God of their ancestors, 3 and worshiped 4 the Asherah poles and idols. Because of this sinful activity, God was angry with Judah and Jerusalem.
Psalms 2:10-11
Context2:10 So now, you kings, do what is wise; 5
you rulers of the earth, submit to correction! 6
2:11 Serve 7 the Lord in fear!
Repent in terror! 8
Psalms 58:10-11
Context58:10 The godly 9 will rejoice when they see vengeance carried out;
they will bathe their feet in the blood of the wicked.
58:11 Then 10 observers 11 will say,
“Yes indeed, the godly are rewarded! 12
Yes indeed, there is a God who judges 13 in the earth!”
Psalms 82:6-7
Context82:6 I thought, 14 ‘You are gods;
all of you are sons of the Most High.’ 15
82:7 Yet you will die like mortals; 16
you will fall like all the other rulers.” 17
[24:17] 1 tn Heb “came and bowed down to the king.”
[24:18] 3 tn Heb “fathers” (also in v. 24).
[2:10] 5 sn The speaker here is either the psalmist or the Davidic king, who now addresses the rebellious kings.
[2:10] 6 tn The Niphal has here a tolerative nuance; the kings are urged to submit themselves to the advice being offered.
[2:11] 7 tn The Hebrew verb translated “serve” refers here to submitting to the Lord’s sovereignty as expressed through the rule of the Davidic king. Such “service” would involve maintaining allegiance to the Davidic king by paying tribute on a regular basis.
[2:11] 8 tn Traditionally, “rejoice with trembling” (KJV). The verb גִּיל (gil) normally means “rejoice,” but this meaning does not fit well here in conjunction with “in trembling.” Some try to understand “trembling” (and the parallel יִרְאָה, yir’ah, “fear”) in the sense of “reverential awe” and then take the verbs “serve” and “rejoice” in the sense of “worship” (cf. NASB). But רְעָדָה (rÿ’adah, “trembling”) and its related terms consistently refer to utter terror and fear (see Exod 15:15; Job 4:14; Pss 48:6; 55:5; 104:32; Isa 33:14; Dan 10:11) or at least great emotional distress (Ezra 10:9). It seems more likely here that גִּיל carries its polarized meaning “mourn, lament,” as in Hos 10:5. “Mourn, lament” would then be metonymic in this context for “repent” (referring to one’s rebellious ways). On the meaning of the verb in Hos 10:5, see F. I. Andersen and D. N. Freedman, Hosea (AB), 556-57.
[58:10] 9 tn The singular is representative here, as is the singular from “wicked” in the next line.
[58:11] 10 tn Following the imperfects of v. 10, the prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive probably indicates a result or consequence of what precedes.
[58:11] 11 tn Heb “man.” The singular is representative here.
[58:11] 12 tn Heb “surely [there] is fruit for the godly.”
[58:11] 13 tn The plural participle is unusual here if the preceding אֱלֹהִים (’elohim) is here a plural of majesty, referring to the one true God. Occasionally the plural of majesty does take a plural attributive (see GKC 428-29 §132.h). It is possible that the final mem (ם) on the participle is enclitic, and that it was later misunderstood as a plural ending. Another option is to translate, “Yes indeed, there are gods who judge in the earth.” In this case, the statement reflects the polytheistic mindset of pagan observers who, despite their theological ignorance, nevertheless recognize divine retribution when they see it.
[82:6] 15 sn Normally in the OT the title Most High belongs to the God of Israel, but in this context, where the mythological overtones are so strong, it probably refers to the Canaanite high god El (see v. 1, as well as Isa 14:13).
[82:7] 16 tn Heb “men.” The point in the context is mortality, however, not maleness.
[82:7] 17 tn Heb “like one of the rulers.” The comparison does not necessarily imply that they are not rulers. The expression “like one of” can sometimes mean “as one of” (Gen 49:16; Obad 11) or “as any other of” (Judg 16:7, 11).
