Deuteronomy 25:2-3

25:2 Then, ¹  if the guilty person is sentenced to a beating, ²  the judge shall force him to lie down and be beaten in his presence with the number of blows his wicked behavior deserves. ³  25:3 The judge ⁴  may sentence him to forty blows, ⁵  but no more. If he is struck with more than these, you might view your fellow Israelite ⁶  with contempt.

Matthew 10:17

10:17 Beware ⁷  of people, because they will hand you over to councils ⁸  and flog ⁹  you in their synagogues. ¹⁰ 

Mark 13:9

Persecution of Disciples

13:9 “You must watch out for yourselves. You will be handed over ¹¹  to councils ¹²  and beaten in the synagogues. ¹³  You will stand before governors and kings ¹⁴  because of me, as a witness to them.

[25:2]  ¹ tn Heb “and it will be.”

[25:2]  ² tn Heb “if the evil one is a son of smiting.”

[25:2]  ³ tn Heb “according to his wickedness, by number.”

[25:3]  ⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the judge) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:3]  ⁵ tn Heb “Forty blows he may strike him”; however, since the judge is to witness the punishment (v. 2) it is unlikely the judge himself administered it.

[25:3]  ⁶ tn Heb “your brothers” but not limited only to an actual sibling; cf. NAB) “your kinsman”; NRSV, NLT “your neighbor.”

[10:17]  ⁷ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[10:17]  ⁸ sn Councils in this context refers to local judicial bodies attached to the Jewish synagogue. This group would be responsible for meting out justice and discipline within the Jewish community.

[10:17]  ⁹ tn BDAG 620 s.v. μαστιγόω 1.a states, “of flogging as a punishment decreed by the synagogue (Dt 25:2f; s. the Mishna Tractate Sanhedrin-Makkoth, edited w. notes by SKrauss ’33) w. acc. of pers. Mt 10:17; 23:34.”

[10:17]  ¹⁰ sn See the note on synagogues in 4:23.

[13:9]  ¹¹ tn Grk “They will hand you over.” “They” is an indefinite plural, referring to people in general. The parallel in Matt 10:17 makes this explicit.

[13:9]  ¹² sn Councils in this context refers to local judicial bodies attached to the Jewish synagogue. This group would be responsible for meting out justice and discipline within the Jewish community.

[13:9]  ¹³ sn See the note on synagogue in 1:21.

[13:9]  ¹⁴ sn These statements look at persecution both from a Jewish context as the mention of councils and synagogues suggests, and from a Gentile one as the reference to governors and kings suggests. Some fulfillment of Jewish persecution can be seen in Acts.