Ezekiel 18:4

18:4 Indeed! All lives are mine – the life of the father as well as the life of the son is mine. The one ¹  who sins will die.

Ezekiel 18:13

18:13 engages in usury and charges interest. Will he live? He will not! Because he has done all these abominable deeds he will certainly die. ²  He will bear the responsibility for his own death. ³ 

Deuteronomy 24:16

24:16 Fathers must not be put to death for what their children ⁴  do, nor children for what their fathers do; each must be put to death for his own sin.

Deuteronomy 24:1

24:1 If a man marries a woman and she does not please him because he has found something offensive ⁵  in her, then he may draw up a divorce document, give it to her, and evict her from his house.

Deuteronomy 14:13

14:13 the kite, the black kite, the dayyah ⁶  after its species,

Deuteronomy 14:2

14:2 For you are a people holy ⁷  to the Lord your God. He ⁸  has chosen you to be his people, prized ⁹  above all others on the face of the earth.

Deuteronomy 14:6

14:6 You may eat any animal that has hooves divided into two parts and that chews the cud. ¹⁰ 

Deuteronomy 22:18-20

22:18 The elders of that city must then seize the man and punish ¹¹  him. 22:19 They will fine him one hundred shekels of silver and give them to the young woman’s father, for the man who made the accusation ¹²  ruined the reputation ¹³  of an Israelite virgin. She will then become his wife and he may never divorce her as long as he lives.

22:20 But if the accusation is true and the young woman was not a virgin,

Deuteronomy 22:2

22:2 If the owner ¹⁴  does not live ¹⁵  near you or you do not know who the owner is, ¹⁶  then you must corral the animal ¹⁷  at your house and let it stay with you until the owner looks for it; then you must return it to him.

Deuteronomy 25:4

25:4 You must not muzzle your ¹⁸  ox when it is treading grain.

Jeremiah 31:29-30

The Lord Will Make a New Covenant with Israel and Judah

31:29 “When that time comes, people will no longer say, ‘The parents have eaten sour grapes, but the children’s teeth have grown numb.’ ¹⁹  31:30 Rather, each person will die for his own sins. The teeth of the person who eats the sour grapes will themselves grow numb. ²⁰ 

[18:4]  ¹ tn Heb “life.”

[18:13]  ² tn Heb “be put to death.” The translation follows an alternative reading that appears in several ancient textual witnesses.

[18:13]  ³ tn Heb “his blood will be upon him.”

[24:16]  ⁴ tn Heb “sons” (so NASB; twice in this verse). Many English versions, including the KJV, read “children” here.

[24:1]  ⁵ tn Heb “nakedness of a thing.” The Hebrew phrase עֶרְוַת דָּבָר (’ervat davar) refers here to some gross sexual impropriety (see note on “indecent” in Deut 23:14). Though the term usually has to do only with indecent exposure of the genitals, it can also include such behavior as adultery (cf. Lev 18:6-18; 20:11, 17, 20-21; Ezek 22:10; 23:29; Hos 2:10).

[14:13]  ⁶ tn The Hebrew term is דַּיָּה (dayyah). This, with the previous two terms (רָאָה [ra’ah] and אַיָּה [’ayyah]), is probably a kite of some species but otherwise impossible to specify.

[14:2]  ⁷ tn Or “set apart.”

[14:2]  ⁸ tn Heb “The Lord.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

[14:2]  ⁹ tn Or “treasured.” The Hebrew term סְגֻלָּה (sÿgullah) describes Israel as God’s choice people, those whom he elected and who are most precious to him (cf. Exod 19:4-6; Deut 14:2; 26:18; 1 Chr 29:3; Ps 135:4; Eccl 2:8 Mal 3:17). See E. Carpenter, NIDOTTE 3:224.

[14:6]  ¹⁰ tn The Hebrew text includes “among the animals.” This has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[22:18]  ¹¹ tn Heb “discipline.”

[22:19]  ¹² tn Heb “for he”; the referent (the man who made the accusation) has been specified in the translation to avoid confusion with the young woman’s father, the last-mentioned male.

[22:19]  ¹³ tn Heb “brought forth a bad name.”

[22:2]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “your brother” (also later in this verse).

[22:2]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “is not.” The idea of “residing” is implied.

[22:2]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and you do not know him.”

[22:2]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the ox or sheep mentioned in v. 1) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:4]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “an.” By implication this is one’s own animal.

[31:29]  ¹⁹ tn This word only occurs here and in the parallel passage in Ezek 18:2 in the Qal stem and in Eccl 10:10 in the Piel stem. In the latter passage it refers to the bluntness of an ax that has not been sharpened. Here the idea is of the “bluntness” of the teeth, not from having ground them down due to the bitter taste of sour grapes but to the fact that they have lost their “edge,” “bite,” or “sharpness” because they are numb from the sour taste. For this meaning for the word see W. L. Holladay, Jeremiah (Hermeneia), 2:197.

[31:30]  ²⁰ sn The Lord answers their charge by stating that each person is responsible for his own sin and will himself bear the consequences. Ezek 18 has a more extended treatment of this and shows that this extends not just to the link between parents and children but between former behavior and future behavior of the same individual. To a certain extent the principle articulated here is anticipatory of the statement in v. 34 which refers to the forgiveness of former sins.