Discovery BoxJeremiah 31:31-36
Context31:31 “Indeed, a time is coming,” says the Lord, 1 “when I will make a new covenant 2 with the people of Israel and Judah. 3 31:32 It will not be like the old 4 covenant that I made with their ancestors 5 when I delivered them 6 from Egypt. For they violated that covenant, even though I was like a faithful husband to them,” 7 says the Lord. 8 31:33 “But I will make a new covenant with the whole nation of Israel 9 after I plant them back in the land,” 10 says the Lord. 11 “I will 12 put my law within them 13 and write it on their hearts and minds. 14 I will be their God and they will be my people. 15
31:34 “People will no longer need to teach their neighbors and relatives to know me. 16 For all of them, from the least important to the most important, will know me,” 17 says the Lord. “For 18 I will forgive their sin and will no longer call to mind the wrong they have done.”
31:35 The Lord has made a promise to Israel.
He promises it as the one who fixed the sun to give light by day
and the moon and stars to give light by night.
He promises it as the one who stirs up the sea so that its waves roll.
He promises it as the one who is known as the Lord who rules over all. 19
31:36 The Lord affirms, 20 “The descendants of Israel will not
cease forever to be a nation in my sight.
That could only happen if the fixed ordering of the heavenly lights
were to cease to operate before me.” 21
Isaiah 2:3-5
Context2:3 many peoples will come and say,
“Come, let us go up to the Lord’s mountain,
to the temple of the God of Jacob,
so 22 he can teach us his requirements, 23
and 24 we can follow his standards.” 25
For Zion will be the center for moral instruction; 26
the Lord will issue edicts from Jerusalem. 27
2:4 He will judge disputes between nations;
he will settle cases for many peoples.
They will beat their swords into plowshares, 28
and their spears into pruning hooks. 29
Nations will not take up the sword against other nations,
and they will no longer train for war.
2:5 O descendants 30 of Jacob,
come, let us walk in the Lord’s guiding light. 31
Micah 4:1-2
Context4:1 In the future 32 the Lord’s Temple Mount will be the most important mountain of all; 33
it will be more prominent than other hills. 34
People will stream to it.
4:2 Many nations will come, saying,
“Come on! Let’s go up to the Lord’s mountain,
to the temple 35 of Jacob’s God,
so he can teach us his commands 36
and we can live by his laws.” 37
For Zion will be the source of instruction;
the Lord’s teachings will proceed from Jerusalem. 38
Acts 11:23
Context11:23 When 39 he came and saw the grace of God, he rejoiced and encouraged them all to remain true 40 to the Lord with devoted hearts, 41
Acts 11:2
Context11:2 So when Peter went up to Jerusalem, 42 the circumcised believers 43 took issue with 44 him,
Colossians 1:5
Context1:5 Your faith and love have arisen 45 from the hope laid up 46 for you in heaven, which you have heard about in the message of truth, the gospel 47
[31:31] 1 tn Heb “Oracle of the
[31:31] 2 tn Or “a renewed covenant” (also in vv. 22-23).
[31:31] 3 tn Heb “the house of Israel and the house of Judah.”
[31:32] 4 tn The word “old” is not in the text but is implicit in the use of the word “new.” It is supplied in the translation for greater clarity.
[31:32] 6 tn Heb “when I took them by the hand and led them out.”
[31:32] 7 tn Or “I was their master.” See the study note on 3:14.
[31:32] 8 tn Heb “Oracle of the
[31:33] 9 tn Heb “with the house of Israel.” All commentators agree that the term here refers to both the whole nation which was divided into the house of Israel and the house of Judah in v. 30.
[31:33] 10 tn Heb “after those days.” Commentators are generally agreed that this refers to the return from exile and the repopulation of the land referred to in vv. 27-28 and not to something subsequent to the time mentioned in v. 30. This is the sequencing that is also presupposed in other new covenant passages such as Deut 30:1-6; Ezek 11:17-20; 36:24-28.
[31:33] 11 tn Heb “Oracle of the
[31:33] 12 tn Heb “‘But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after these days:’ says the
[31:33] 13 tn Heb “in their inward parts.” The Hebrew word here refers to the seat of the thoughts, emotions, and decisions (Jer 9:8 [9:7 HT]). It is essentially synonymous with “heart” in Hebrew psychological terms.
[31:33] 14 tn The words “and minds” is not in the text but is supplied in the translation to bring the English psychology more into line with the Hebrew where the “heart” is the center both of knowing/thinking/reflecting and deciding/willing.
[31:33] 15 sn Compare Jer 24:7; 30:22; 31:1 and see the study note on 30:2.
[31:34] 16 tn Heb “teach…, saying, ‘Know the
[31:34] 17 sn This statement should be understood against the background of Jer 8:8-9 where class distinctions were drawn and certain people were considered to have more awareness and responsibility for knowing the law and also Jer 5:1-5 and 9:3-9 where the sinfulness of Israel was seen to be universal across these class distinctions and no trust was to be placed in friends, neighbors, or relatives because all without distinction had cast off God’s yoke (i.e., refused to submit themselves to his authority).
[31:34] 18 tn The Hebrew particle כִּי (ki) that introduces this clause refers to more than just the preceding clause (i.e., that all will know the
[31:35] 19 tn Heb “Yahweh of armies.” See the study note on 2:19 for this title. In the Hebrew text the verse reads: “Thus says the
[31:36] 20 tn Heb “Oracle of the
[31:36] 21 tn Heb “‘If these fixed orderings were to fail to be present before me,’ oracle of the
[2:3] 22 tn The prefixed verb form with simple vav (ו) introduces a purpose/result clause after the preceding prefixed verb form (probably to be taken as a cohortative; see IBHS 650 §39.2.2a).
[2:3] 23 tn Heb “his ways.” In this context God’s “ways” are the standards of moral conduct he decrees that people should live by.
[2:3] 24 tn The cohortative with vav (ו) after the prefixed verb form indicates the ultimate purpose/goal of their action.
[2:3] 25 tn Heb “walk in his ways.”
[2:3] 26 tn Heb “for out of Zion will go instruction.”
[2:3] 27 tn Heb “the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.”
[2:4] 28 sn Instead of referring to the large plow as a whole, the plowshare is simply the metal tip which actually breaks the earth and cuts the furrow.
[2:4] 29 sn This implement was used to prune the vines, i.e., to cut off extra leaves and young shoots (H. Wildberger, Isaiah, 1:93; M. Klingbeil, NIDOTTE 1:1117-18). It was a short knife with a curved hook at the end sharpened on the inside like a sickle. Breaking weapons and fashioning agricultural implements indicates a transition from fear and stress to peace and security.
[2:5] 30 tn Heb “house,” referring to the family line or descendants (likewise in v. 6).
[2:5] 31 tn Heb “let’s walk in the light of the Lord.” In this context, which speaks of the Lord’s instruction and commands, the “light of the Lord” refers to his moral standards by which he seeks to guide his people. One could paraphrase, “let’s obey the Lord’s commands.”
[4:1] 32 tn Heb “at the end of days.”
[4:1] 33 tn Heb “will be established as the head of the mountains.”
[4:1] 34 tn Heb “it will be lifted up above the hills.”
[4:2] 37 tn Heb “and we can walk in his paths.”
[4:2] 38 tn Heb “instruction [or, “law”] will go out from Zion, and the word of the
[11:23] 39 tn Grk “Antioch, who when.” The relative pronoun was omitted and a new sentence was begun in the translation at this point to improve the English style, due to the length of the sentence in Greek.
[11:23] 40 tn BDAG 883 s.v. προσμένω 1.a.β has “remain true to the Lord” for προσμένειν (prosmenein) in this verse.
[11:23] 41 tn Grk “with purpose of heart”; BDAG 869 s.v. πρόθεσις 2.a translates this phrase “purpose of heart, i.e. devotion” here.
[11:2] 42 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[11:2] 43 tn Or “the Jewish Christians”; Grk “those of the circumcision.” Within the larger group of Christians were some whose loyalties ran along ethnic-religious lines.
[11:2] 44 tn Or “believers disputed with,” “believers criticized” (BDAG 231 s.v. διακρίνω 5.b).
[1:5] 45 tn Col 1:3-8 form one long sentence in the Greek text and have been divided at the end of v. 4 and v. 6 and within v. 6 for clarity, in keeping with the tendency in contemporary English toward shorter sentences. Thus the phrase “Your faith and love have arisen from the hope” is literally “because of the hope.” The perfect tense “have arisen” was chosen in the English to reflect the fact that the recipients of the letter had acquired this hope at conversion in the past, but that it still remains and motivates them to trust in Christ and to love one another.
[1:5] 46 tn BDAG 113 s.v. ἀπόκειμαι 2 renders ἀποκειμένην (apokeimenhn) with the expression “reserved” in this verse.
[1:5] 47 tn The term “the gospel” (τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, tou euangeliou) is in apposition to “the word of truth” (τῷ λόγῳ τῆς ἀληθείας, tw logw th" alhqeia") as indicated in the translation.
