Discovery BoxJeremiah 8:16
Context8:16 The snorting of the enemy’s horses
is already being heard in the city of Dan.
The sound of the neighing of their stallions 1
causes the whole land to tremble with fear.
They are coming to destroy the land and everything in it!
They are coming to destroy 2 the cities and everyone who lives in them!”
Jeremiah 47:3
Context47:3 Fathers will hear the hoofbeats of the enemies’ horses,
the clatter of their chariots and the rumbling of their wheels.
They will not turn back to save their children
because they will be paralyzed with fear. 3
Isaiah 5:28
Context5:28 Their arrows are sharpened,
and all their bows are prepared. 4
The hooves of their horses are hard as flint, 5
and their chariot wheels are like a windstorm. 6
Habakkuk 1:8
Context1:8 Their horses are faster than leopards
and more alert 7 than wolves in the desert. 8
their horses come a great distance;
like a vulture 11 they swoop down quickly to devour their prey. 12
Revelation 19:14-18
Context19:14 The 13 armies that are in heaven, dressed in white, clean, fine linen, 14 were following him on white horses. 19:15 From his mouth extends a sharp sword, so that with it he can strike the nations. 15 He 16 will rule 17 them with an iron rod, 18 and he stomps the winepress 19 of the furious 20 wrath of God, the All-Powerful. 21 19:16 He has a name written on his clothing and on his thigh: “King of kings and Lord of lords.”
19:17 Then 22 I saw one angel standing in 23 the sun, and he shouted in a loud voice to all the birds flying high in the sky: 24
“Come, gather around for the great banquet 25 of God,
19:18 to eat 26 your fill 27 of the flesh of kings,
the flesh of generals, 28
the flesh of powerful people,
the flesh of horses and those who ride them,
and the flesh of all people, both free and slave, 29
and small and great!”
[8:16] 1 tn Heb “his stallions.”
[8:16] 2 tn The words “They are coming to destroy” are not in the text. They are inserted to break up a long sentence in conformity with contemporary English style.
[47:3] 3 tn Heb “From the noise of the stamping of the hoofs of his stallions, from the rattling of his chariots at the rumbling of their wheels, fathers will not turn to their children from sinking of hands.” According to BDB 952 s.v. רִפָּיוֹן the “sinking of the hands” is figurative of helplessness caused by terror. A very similar figure is seen with a related expression in Isa 35:3-4. The sentence has been restructured to put the subject up front and to suggest through shorter sentences more in keeping with contemporary English style the same causal connections. The figures have been interpreted for the sake of clarity for the average reader.
[5:28] 4 tn Heb “bent” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV); NIV “are strung.”
[5:28] 5 tn Heb “regarded like flint.”
[5:28] 6 sn They are like a windstorm in their swift movement and in the way they kick up dust.
[1:8] 7 tn Heb “sharper,” in the sense of “keener” or “more alert.” Some translate “quicker” on the basis of the parallelism with the first line (see HALOT 291 s.v. חדד).
[1:8] 8 tn Heb “wolves of the evening,” that is, wolves that prowl at night. The present translation assumes an emendation to עֲרָבָה (’aravah, “desert”). On this phrase see also Zeph 3:3.
[1:8] 9 tn Or “horsemen,” “cavalry.”
[1:8] 10 tn The precise nuance of the rare verb פָּוַשׁ (parash) is unclear here. Elsewhere it is used of animals jumping or leaping (see Jer 50:11; Mal 4:2).
[1:8] 11 tn Or “eagle” (so NASB, NRSV). The term can refer to either eagles or vultures, but in this context of gruesome destruction and death “vulture” is preferred.
[1:8] 12 tn Heb “they fly like a vulture/an eagle quickly to devour.” The direct object “their prey” is not included in the Hebrew text but is implied, and has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
[19:14] 13 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[19:14] 14 tn On the term translated “fine linen,” BDAG 185 s.v. βύσσινος states, “made of fine linen, subst. τὸ β. fine linen, linen garment…Rv 18:12, 16; 19:8, 14.”
[19:15] 15 tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
[19:15] 16 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[19:15] 17 tn Grk “will shepherd.”
[19:15] 18 tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rJabdo") can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”
[19:15] 19 sn He stomps the winepress. See Isa 63:3, where Messiah does this alone (usually several individuals would join in the process), and Rev 14:20.
[19:15] 20 tn The genitive θυμοῦ (qumou) has been translated as an attributed genitive. Following BDAG 461 s.v. θυμός 2, the combination of the genitives of θυμός (qumos) and ὀργή (orgh) in Rev 16:19 and 19:15 are taken to be a strengthening of the thought as in the OT and Qumran literature (Exod 32:12; Jer 32:37; Lam 2:3; CD 10:9).
[19:15] 21 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
[19:17] 22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
[19:17] 23 tn The precise significance of ἐν (en) here is difficult to determine.
[19:17] 24 tn On μεσουρανήματι (mesouranhmati) here see L&N 1.10: “high in the sky, midpoint in the sky, directly overhead, straight above in the sky.” The birds mentioned here are carrion birds like vultures, circling high overhead, and now being summoned to feast on the corpses.
[19:17] 25 tn This is the same Greek word (δεῖπνον, deipnon) used in 19:9.
[19:18] 26 tn The ἵνα (Jina) clause, insofar as it is related to the first imperative, has the force of an imperative.
[19:18] 27 tn The idea of eating “your fill” is evident in the context with the use of χορτάζω (cortazw) in v. 21.
[19:18] 28 tn Grk “chiliarchs”; normally a chiliarch was a military officer commanding a thousand soldiers, but here probably used of higher-ranking commanders like generals (see L&N 55.15; cf. Rev 6:15).
