Joshua 10:2-5

10:2 All Jerusalem was terrified ¹  because Gibeon was a large city, like one of the royal cities. It was larger than Ai and all its men were warriors. 10:3 So King Adoni-Zedek of Jerusalem sent this message to King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and King Debir of Eglon: 10:4 “Come to my aid ²  so we can attack Gibeon, for it has made peace with Joshua and the Israelites.” 10:5 So the five Amorite kings (the kings of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon) and all their troops gathered together and advanced. They deployed their troops and fought against Gibeon. ³ 

Joshua 10:23

10:23 They did as ordered; ⁴  they brought the five kings ⁵  out of the cave to him – the kings of Jerusalem, ⁶  Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon.

Joshua 10:28-39

Joshua Launches a Southern Campaign

10:28 That day Joshua captured Makkedah and put the sword to it and its king. He annihilated everyone who lived in it; he left no survivors. He did to its king what he had done to the king of Jericho. ⁷ 

10:29 Joshua and all Israel marched from Makkedah to Libnah and fought against it. ⁸  10:30 The Lord handed it and its king over to Israel, and Israel ⁹  put the sword to all who lived there; they ¹⁰  left no survivors. They ¹¹  did to its king what they ¹²  had done to the king of Jericho. ¹³ 

10:31 Joshua and all Israel marched from Libnah to Lachish. He deployed his troops ¹⁴  and fought against it. 10:32 The Lord handed Lachish over to Israel and they ¹⁵  captured it on the second day. They put the sword to all who lived there, just as they had done to Libnah. 10:33 Then King Horam of Gezer came up to help Lachish, but Joshua struck down him and his army ¹⁶  until no survivors remained.

10:34 Joshua and all Israel marched from Lachish to Eglon. They deployed troops ¹⁷  and fought against it. 10:35 That day they captured it and put the sword to all who lived there. That day they ¹⁸  annihilated it just as they ¹⁹  had done to Lachish.

10:36 Joshua and all Israel marched up from Eglon to Hebron and fought against it. 10:37 They captured it and put the sword to its king, all its surrounding cities, and all who lived in it; they ²⁰  left no survivors. As they ²¹  had done at Eglon, they ²²  annihilated it and all who lived there.

10:38 Joshua and all Israel turned to Debir and fought against it. 10:39 They ²³  captured it, its king, and all its surrounding cities and put the sword to them. They annihilated everyone who lived there; they ²⁴  left no survivors. They ²⁵  did to Debir and its king what they ²⁶  had done to Libnah and its king and to Hebron. ²⁷ 

Joshua 11:1-5

Israel Defeats a Northern Coalition

11:1 When King Jabin of Hazor ²⁸  heard the news, he organized a coalition, including ²⁹  King Jobab of Madon, the king of Shimron, the king of Acshaph, 11:2 and the northern kings who ruled in ³⁰  the hill country, the Arabah south of Kinnereth, ³¹  the lowlands, and the heights of Dor to the west. 11:3 Canaanites came ³²  from the east and west; Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites from the hill country; and Hivites from below Hermon in the area ³³  of Mizpah. 11:4 These kings came out with their armies; they were as numerous as the sand on the seashore and had a large number of horses and chariots. ³⁴  11:5 All these kings gathered and joined forces ³⁵  at the Waters of Merom to fight Israel.

Joshua 11:10-11

11:10 At that time Joshua turned, captured Hazor, ³⁶  and struck down its king with the sword, for Hazor was at that time ³⁷  the leader of all these kingdoms. 11:11 They annihilated everyone who lived there with the sword ³⁸  – no one who breathed remained – and burned ³⁹  Hazor.

Joshua 12:7-24

12:7 These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the Israelites defeated on the west side of the Jordan, from Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley to Mount Halak on up to Seir. Joshua assigned this territory to the Israelite tribes, ⁴⁰  12:8 including the hill country, the lowlands, ⁴¹  the Arabah, the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev – the land of ⁴²  the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites:

12:9 the king of Jericho ⁴³  (one),

the king of Ai – located near Bethel – (one),

12:10 the king of Jerusalem ⁴⁴  (one),

the king of Hebron (one),

12:11 the king of Jarmuth (one),

the king of Lachish (one),

12:12 the king of Eglon (one),

the king of Gezer (one),

12:13 the king of Debir (one),

the king of Geder (one),

12:14 the king of Hormah (one),

the king of Arad (one),

12:15 the king of Libnah (one),

the king of Adullam (one),

12:16 the king of Makkedah (one),

the king of Bethel ⁴⁵  (one),

12:17 the king of Tappuah (one),

the king of Hepher (one),

12:18 the king of Aphek (one),

the king of Lasharon (one),

12:19 the king of Madon (one),

the king of Hazor ⁴⁶  (one),

12:20 the king of Shimron Meron (one),

the king of Acshaph (one),

12:21 the king of Taanach (one),

the king of Megiddo ⁴⁷  (one),

12:22 the king of Kedesh (one),

the king of Jokneam near Carmel (one),

12:23 the king of Dor – near Naphath Dor – (one),

the king of Goyim – near Gilgal – (one),

12:24 the king of Tirzah (one),

a total of thirty-one kings.

[10:2]  ¹ tn This statement is subordinated to v. 1 in the Hebrew text, which reads literally, “When Adoni-Zedek…they feared greatly.” The subject of the plural verb at the beginning of v. 2 is probably the residents of Jerusalem.

[10:4]  ² tn Heb “Come up to me and help me.”

[10:5]  ³ tn Heb “and they camped against Gibeon and fought against it.”

[10:23]  ⁴ tn Heb “they did so.”

[10:23]  ⁵ tn Heb “these five kings.”

[10:23]  ⁶ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[10:28]  ⁷ map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[10:29]  ⁸ tn Heb “Libnah.” Repetition of the proper name here would be redundant according to English style, so the pronoun (“it”) has been employed in the translation.

[10:30]  ⁹ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:30]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:30]  ¹¹ tn Heb “He”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:30]  ¹² tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:30]  ¹³ map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[10:31]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “encamped against it.”

[10:32]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:33]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “people.”

[10:34]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “they encamped against it.”

[10:35]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:35]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:37]  ²⁰ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:37]  ²¹ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:37]  ²² tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:39]  ²³ tn Heb “He”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:39]  ²⁴ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:39]  ²⁵ tn Heb “He”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:39]  ²⁶ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:39]  ²⁷ tn Heb “as he did to Hebron, so he did to Debir and its king, and as he did to Libnah and its king.” The clauses have been rearranged in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[11:1]  ²⁸ map For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.

[11:1]  ²⁹ tn Heb “he sent to.”

[11:2]  ³⁰ tn Heb “and to the kings who [are] from the north in.”

[11:2]  ³¹ tn Heb “Chinneroth,” a city and plain located in the territory of Naphtali in Galilee (BDB 490 s.v. כִּנֶּרֶת, כִּנֲרוֹת).

[11:3]  ³² tn The verb “came” is supplied in the translation (see v. 4).

[11:3]  ³³ tn Or “land.”

[11:4]  ³⁴ tn Heb “They and all their camps with them came out, a people as numerous as the sand which is on the edge of the sea in multitude, and [with] horses and chariots very numerous.”

[11:5]  ³⁵ tn Heb “and came and camped together.”

[11:10]  ³⁶ map For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.

[11:10]  ³⁷ tn Or “formerly.”

[11:11]  ³⁸ tn Heb “and they struck down all life which was in it with the edge of the sword, annihilating.”

[11:11]  ³⁹ tn Heb “burned with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation.

[12:7]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their allotted portions.”

[12:8]  ⁴¹ tn Or “the foothills”; Heb “the Shephelah.”

[12:8]  ⁴² tn The words “the land of” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[12:9]  ⁴³ map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[12:10]  ⁴⁴ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[12:16]  ⁴⁵ map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[12:19]  ⁴⁶ map For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.

[12:21]  ⁴⁷ map For location see Map1 D4; Map2 C1; Map4 C2; Map5 F2; Map7 B1.