Leviticus 7:16

7:16 “‘If his offering is a votive or freewill sacrifice, ¹  it may be eaten on the day he presents his sacrifice, and also the leftovers from it may be eaten on the next day, ² 

Leviticus 22:19

22:19 if it is to be acceptable for your benefit ³  it must be a flawless male from the cattle, sheep, or goats.

Leviticus 22:21

22:21 If a man presents a peace offering sacrifice to the Lord for a special votive offering ⁴  or for a freewill offering from the herd or the flock, it must be flawless to be acceptable; ⁵  it must have no flaw. ⁶ 

Exodus 35:5

35:5 ‘Take ⁷  an offering for the Lord. Let everyone who has a willing heart ⁸  bring ⁹  an offering to the Lord: ¹⁰  gold, silver, bronze,

Exodus 35:21

35:21 Everyone ¹¹  whose heart stirred him to action ¹²  and everyone whose spirit was willing ¹³  came and brought the offering for the Lord for the work of the tent of meeting, for all its service, and for the holy garments. ¹⁴ 

Exodus 35:29

35:29 The Israelites brought a freewill offering to the Lord, every man and woman whose heart was willing to bring materials for all the work that the Lord through ¹⁵  Moses had commanded them ¹⁶  to do.

Exodus 36:3

36:3 and they received from Moses all the offerings the Israelites had brought to do ¹⁷  the work for the service of the sanctuary, and they still continued to bring him a freewill offering each morning. ¹⁸ 

Psalms 40:8

40:8 I want to do what pleases you, ¹⁹  my God.

Your law dominates my thoughts.” ²⁰ 

Psalms 110:3

110:3 Your people willingly follow you ²¹  when you go into battle. ²² 

On the holy hills ²³  at sunrise ²⁴  the dew of your youth ²⁵  belongs to you. ²⁶ 

Psalms 110:2

110:2 The Lord ²⁷  extends ²⁸  your dominion ²⁹  from Zion.

Rule in the midst of your enemies!

Colossians 1:12

1:12 giving thanks to the Father who has qualified you to share ³⁰  in the saints’ ³¹  inheritance in the light.

Colossians 1:7

1:7 You learned the gospel ³²  from Epaphras, our dear fellow slave ³³  – a ³⁴  faithful minister of Christ on our ³⁵  behalf –

[7:16]  ¹ tn For the distinction between votive and freewill offerings see the note on Lev 22:23 and the literature cited there.

[7:16]  ² tn Heb “and on the next day and the left over from it shall be eaten.”

[22:19]  ³ tn Heb “for your acceptance.” See Lev 1:3-4 above and the notes there.

[22:21]  ⁴ tn The meaning of the expression לְפַלֵּא־נֶדֶר (lÿfalle’-neder) rendered here “for a special votive offering” is much debated. Some take it as an expression for fulfilling a vow, “to fulfill a vow” (e.g., HALOT 927-28 s.v. פלא piel and NASB; cf. NAB, NRSV “in fulfillment of a vow”) or, alternatively, “to make a vow” or “for making a vow” (HALOT 928 s.v. פלא piel [II פלא]). Perhaps it refers to the making a special vow, from the verb פָלַא (pala’, “to be wonderful, to be remarkable”); cf. J. Milgrom, Numbers (JPSTC), 44. B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 151 and 193, suggests that this is a special term for “setting aside a votive offering” (related to פָלָה [palah, “to set aside”]). In general, the point of the expression seems to be that this sacrifice arises as a special gift to God out of special circumstances in the life of the worshiper.

[22:21]  ⁵ tn Heb “for acceptance”; NAB “if it is to find acceptance.”

[22:21]  ⁶ tn Heb “all/any flaw shall not be in it.”

[35:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “from with you.”

[35:5]  ⁸ tn “Heart” is a genitive of specification, clarifying in what way they might be “willing.” The heart refers to their will, their choices.

[35:5]  ⁹ tn The verb has a suffix that is the direct object, but the suffixed object is qualified by the second accusative: “let him bring it, an offering.”

[35:5]  ¹⁰ tn The phrase is literally “the offering of Yahweh”; it could be a simple possessive, “Yahweh’s offering,” but a genitive that indicates the indirect object is more appropriate.

[35:21]  ¹¹ tn Heb “man.”

[35:21]  ¹² tn The verb means “lift up, bear, carry.” Here the subject is “heart” or will, and so the expression describes one moved within to act.

[35:21]  ¹³ tn Heb “his spirit made him willing.” The verb is used in Scripture for the freewill offering that people brought (Lev 7).

[35:21]  ¹⁴ tn Literally “the garments of holiness,” the genitive is the attributive genitive, marking out what type of garments these were.

[35:29]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “by the hand of.”

[35:29]  ¹⁶ tn Here “them” has been supplied.

[36:3]  ¹⁷ tn In the Hebrew text the infinitive “to do it” comes after “sanctuary”; it makes a smoother rendering in English to move it forward, rather than reading “brought for the work.”

[36:3]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “in the morning, in the morning.”

[40:8]  ¹⁹ tn Or “your will.”

[40:8]  ²⁰ tn Heb “your law [is] in the midst of my inner parts.” The “inner parts” are viewed here as the seat of the psalmist’s thought life and moral decision making.

[110:3]  ²¹ tn Heb “your people, free will offerings.” Perhaps the people, in their willingness to volunteer, are compared metaphorically to freewill offerings. Following the LXX, some revocalize the text and read “with you is nobility.”

[110:3]  ²² tn Heb “in the day of your power.”

[110:3]  ²³ tc Heb “in splendor of holiness.” The plural construct form הַדְרֵי (hadrey, from הָדַר, hadar, “splendor”) occurs only here; it may indicate degree or perhaps refer by metonymy to garments (see Pss 29:2 and 96:9, where the phrase הַדְרַת קֹדֶשׁ [hadrat qodesh] refers to “holy attire”). If one retains the reading of the MT, this phrase should probably be taken with the preceding line. However, because of the subsequent references to “dawn” and to “dew,” it is better to emend the text to הַרְרֵי קֹדֶשׁ (harrey qodesh, “mountains of holiness”), a reading found in many medieval Hebrew mss and in some other ancient witnesses (see Joel 2:2; Ps 133:3, as well as L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 [WBC], 80). The “mountains of holiness” are probably the hills surrounding Zion (see Ps 87:1; 125:2; 133:3).

[110:3]  ²⁴ tn Heb “from the womb of dawn.” The Hebrew noun רֶחֶם (rekhem, “womb”) is probably used here metonymically for “birth.” The form מִשְׁחָר (mishkhar) occurs only here and should be emended to שַׁחַר (shakhar, “dawn”) with the mem (מ) being understood as dittographic (note the final mem [ם] on the preceding word). The phrase “womb [i.e., “birth”] of dawn” refers to sunrise.

[110:3]  ²⁵ sn The point of the metaphor is not entirely clear. The dew may symbolize the king’s youthful vitality or, more likely (note the parallelism), may refer to his army of strong, youthful warriors.

[110:3]  ²⁶ tn Heb “to you [is].”

[110:2]  ²⁷ tn Since the Lord is mentioned in the third person (note the use of the first person in v. 1), it is likely that these are the psalmist’s words to the king, not a continuation of the oracle per se.

[110:2]  ²⁸ tn The prefixed verbal form is understood here as descriptive-dramatic or as generalizing, though it could be taken as future.

[110:2]  ²⁹ tn Heb “your strong scepter,” symbolic of the king’s royal authority and dominion.

[1:12]  ³⁰ tn BDAG 473 s.v. ἱκανόω states, “τινὰ εἴς τι someone for someth. Col 1:12.” The point of the text is that God has qualified the saints for a “share” or “portion” in the inheritance of the saints.

[1:12]  ³¹ tn Grk “the inheritance of the saints.” The genitive noun τῶν ἁγίων (twn Jagiwn) is a possessive genitive: “the saints’ inheritance.”

[1:7]  ³² tn Or “learned it.” The Greek text simply has “you learned” without the reference to “the gospel,” but “the gospel” is supplied to clarify the sense of the clause. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.

[1:7]  ³³ tn The Greek word translated “fellow slave” is σύνδουλος (sundoulo"); the σύν- prefix here denotes association. Though δοῦλος is normally translated “servant,” the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. BDAG notes that “‘servant’ for ‘slave’ is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times…in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished” (BDAG 260 s.v.). The most accurate translation is “bondservant” (sometimes found in the ASV for δοῦλος), in that it often indicates one who sells himself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force.

[1:7]  ³⁴ tn The Greek text has “who (ὅς, Jos) is a faithful minister.” The above translation conveys the antecedent of the relative pronoun quite well and avoids the redundancy with the following substantival participle of v. 8, namely, “who told” (ὁ δηλώσας, Jo dhlwsa").

[1:7]  ³⁵ tc ‡ Judging by the superior witnesses for the first person pronoun ἡμῶν (Jhmwn, “us”; Ì⁴⁶ א* A B D* F G 326* 1505 al) vs. the second person pronoun ὑμῶν (Jumwn, “you”; found in א² C D¹ Ψ 075 33 1739 1881 Ï lat sy co), ἡμῶν should be regarded as original. Although it is possible that ἡμῶν was an early alteration of ὑμῶν (either unintentionally, as dittography, since it comes seventeen letters after the previous ἡμῶν; or intentionally, to conform to the surrounding first person pronouns), this supposition is difficult to maintain in light of the varied and valuable witnesses for this reading. Further, the second person is both embedded in the verb ἐμάθετε (emaqete) and is explicit in v. 8 (ὑμῶν). Hence, the motivation to change to the first person pronoun is counterbalanced by such evidence. The second person pronoun may have been introduced unintentionally via homoioarcton with the ὑπέρ (Juper) that immediately precedes it. As well, the second person reading is somewhat harder for it seems to address Epaphras’ role only in relation to Paul and his colleagues, rather than in relation to the Colossians. Nevertheless, the decision must be based ultimately on external evidence (because the internal evidence can be variously interpreted), and this strongly supports ἡμῶν.