Luke 18:31-33

Another Prediction of Jesus’ Passion

18:31 Then ¹  Jesus ²  took the twelve aside and said to them, “Look, we are going up to Jerusalem, ³  and everything that is written about the Son of Man by the prophets will be accomplished. ⁴  18:32 For he will be handed over ⁵  to the Gentiles; he will be mocked, ⁶  mistreated, ⁷  and spat on. ⁸  18:33 They will flog him severely ⁹  and kill him. Yet ¹⁰  on the third day he will rise again.”

John 13:1

Washing the Disciples’ Feet

13:1 Just before the Passover feast, Jesus knew that his time ¹¹  had come to depart ¹²  from this world to the Father. Having loved his own who were in the world, he now loved them to the very end. ¹³ 

John 18:4

18:4 Then Jesus, because he knew everything that was going to happen to him, ¹⁴  came and asked them, “Who are you looking for?” ¹⁵ 

James 4:14

4:14 You ¹⁶  do not know about tomorrow. What is your life like? ¹⁷  For you are a puff of smoke ¹⁸  that appears for a short time and then vanishes.

James 4:2

4:2 You desire and you do not have; you murder and envy and you cannot obtain; you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask;

James 1:14

1:14 But each one is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desires.

[18:31]  ¹ tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[18:31]  ² tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:31]  ³ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[18:31]  ⁴ tn Or “fulfilled.” Jesus goes to Jerusalem by divine plan as the scripture records (Luke 2:39; 12:50; 22:37; Acts 13:29). See Luke 9:22, 44.

[18:32]  ⁵ sn The passive voice verb be handed over does not indicate by whom, but other passages note the Jewish leadership and betrayal (9:22, 44).

[18:32]  ⁶ sn See Luke 22:63; 23:11, 36.

[18:32]  ⁷ tn Or “and insulted.” L&N 33.390 and 88.130 note ὑβρίζω (Jubrizw) can mean either “insult” or “mistreat with insolence.”

[18:32]  ⁸ sn And spat on. Later Luke does not note this detail in the passion narrative in chaps. 22-23, but see Mark 14:65; 15:19; Matt 26:67; 27:30 where Jesus’ prediction is fulfilled.

[18:33]  ⁹ tn Traditionally, “scourge” (the term means to beat severely with a whip, L&N 19.9). BDAG 620 s.v. μαστιγόω 1. states, “Of the beating (Lat. verberatio) given those condemned to death…J 19:1; cf. Mt 20:19; Mk 10:34; Lk 18:33.” Here the term has been translated “flog…severely” to distinguish it from the term φραγελλόω (fragellow) used in Matt 27:26; Mark 15:15.

[18:33]  ¹⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “yet” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[13:1]  ¹¹ tn Grk “his hour.”

[13:1]  ¹² tn Grk “that he should depart.” The ἵνα (Jina) clause in Koine Greek frequently encroached on the simple infinitive (for the sake of greater clarity).

[13:1]  ¹³ tn Or “he now loved them completely,” or “he now loved them to the uttermost” (see John 19:30). All of John 13:1 is a single sentence in Greek, although in English this would be unacceptably awkward. At the end of the verse the idiom εἰς τέλος (eis telos) was translated literally as “to the end” and the modern equivalents given in the note above, because there is an important lexical link between this passage and John 19:30, τετέλεσται (tetelestai, “It is ended”).

[18:4]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “knowing all things that were coming upon him.”

[18:4]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “Whom do you seek?”

[4:14]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “who” (continuing the description of the people of v. 13). Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[4:14]  ¹⁷ tn Or “you do not know what your life will be like tomorrow.”

[4:14]  ¹⁸ tn Or “a vapor.” The Greek word ἀτμίς (atmis) denotes a swirl of smoke arising from a fire (cf. Gen 19:28; Lev 16:13; Joel 2:30 [Acts 2:19]; Ezek 8:11).