Luke 21:37

21:37 So ¹  every day Jesus ²  was teaching in the temple courts, ³  but at night he went and stayed ⁴  on the Mount of Olives. ⁵ 

Luke 22:39

On the Mount of Olives

22:39 Then ⁶  Jesus ⁷  went out and made his way, ⁸  as he customarily did, to the Mount of Olives, ⁹  and the disciples followed him.

John 14:31

14:31 but I am doing just what the Father commanded me, so that the world may know ¹⁰  that I love the Father. ¹¹  Get up, let us go from here.” ¹² 

John 18:1-4

Betrayal and Arrest

18:1 When he had said these things, ¹³  Jesus went out with his disciples across the Kidron Valley. ¹⁴  There was an orchard ¹⁵  there, and he and his disciples went into it. 18:2 (Now Judas, the one who betrayed him, knew the place too, because Jesus had met there many times ¹⁶  with his disciples.) ¹⁷  18:3 So Judas obtained a squad of soldiers ¹⁸  and some officers of the chief priests and Pharisees. ¹⁹  They came to the orchard ²⁰  with lanterns ²¹  and torches and weapons.

18:4 Then Jesus, because he knew everything that was going to happen to him, ²²  came and asked them, “Who are you looking for?” ²³ 

[21:37]  ¹ tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” since vv. 37-38 serve as something of a summary or transition from the discourse preceding to the passion narrative that follows.

[21:37]  ² tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[21:37]  ³ tn Grk “in the temple.”

[21:37]  ⁴ tn Grk “and spent the night,” but this is redundant because of the previous use of the word “night.”

[21:37]  ⁵ tn Grk “at the mountain called ‘of Olives.’”

[22:39]  ⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[22:39]  ⁷ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:39]  ⁸ tn Grk “went.”

[22:39]  ⁹ sn See the note on the Mount of Olives in Luke 19:29.

[14:31]  ¹⁰ tn Or “may learn.”

[14:31]  ¹¹ tn Grk “But so that the world may know that I love the Father, and just as the Father commanded me, thus I do.” The order of the clauses has been rearranged in the translation to conform to contemporary English style.

[14:31]  ¹² sn Some have understood Jesus’ statement Get up, let us go from here to mean that at this point Jesus and the disciples got up and left the room where the meal was served and began the journey to the garden of Gethsemane. If so, the rest of the Farewell Discourse took place en route. Others have pointed to this statement as one of the “seams” in the discourse, indicating that the author used preexisting sources. Both explanations are possible, but not really necessary. Jesus could simply have stood up at this point (the disciples may or may not have stood with him) to finish the discourse before finally departing (in 18:1). In any case it may be argued that Jesus refers not to a literal departure at this point, but to preparing to meet the enemy who is on the way already in the person of Judas and the soldiers with him.

[18:1]  ¹³ sn When he had said these things appears to be a natural transition at the end of the Farewell Discourse (the farewell speech of Jesus to his disciples in John 13:31-17:26, including the final prayer in 17:1-26). The author states that Jesus went out with his disciples, a probable reference to their leaving the upper room where the meal and discourse described in chaps. 13-17 took place (although some have seen this only as a reference to their leaving the city, with the understanding that some of the Farewell Discourse, including the concluding prayer, was given en route, cf. 14:31). They crossed the Kidron Valley and came to a garden, or olive orchard, identified in Matt 26:36 and Mark 14:32 as Gethsemane. The name is not given in Luke’s or John’s Gospel, but the garden must have been located somewhere on the lower slopes of the Mount of Olives.

[18:1]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “the wadi of the Kidron,” or “the ravine of the Kidron” (a wadi is a stream that flows only during the rainy season and is dry during the dry season).

[18:1]  ¹⁵ tn Or “a garden.”

[18:2]  ¹⁶ tn Or “often.”

[18:2]  ¹⁷ sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.

[18:3]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “a cohort.” The word σπεῖραν (speiran) is a technical term for a Roman cohort, normally a force of 600 men (one tenth of a legion). It was under the command of a χιλίαρχος (ciliarco", v. 12). Because of the improbability of an entire cohort being sent to arrest a single man, some have suggested that σπεῖραν here refers only to a maniple, a force of 200. But the use of the word here does not necessarily mean the entire cohort was present on this mission, but only that it was the cohort which performed the task (for example, saying the fire department put out the fire does not mean that every fireman belonging to the department was on the scene at the time). These Roman soldiers must have been ordered to accompany the servants of the chief priests and Pharisees by Pilate, since they would have been under the direct command of the Roman prefect or procurator. It is not difficult to understand why Pilate would have been willing to assist the Jewish authorities in such a way. With a huge crowd of pilgrims in Jerusalem for the Passover, the Romans would have been especially nervous about an uprising of some sort. No doubt the chief priests and Pharisees had informed Pilate that this man Jesus was claiming to be the Messiah, or in the terms Pilate would understand, king of Israel.

[18:3]  ¹⁹ tn The phrase “officers of the chief priests and Pharisees” is a comprehensive name for the groups represented in the ruling council (the Sanhedrin) as in John 7:32, 45; 18:3, 12, 18, 22; 19:6. They are different from the Levites who served as “temple police” according to K. H. Rengstorf (TDNT 8:540). In John 7:32ff. these officers had made an unsuccessful attempt to arrest Jesus, and perhaps this is part of the reason why their leaders had made sure they were accompanied by Roman soldiers this time. No more mistakes were to be tolerated.

[18:3]  ²⁰ tn The words “to the orchard” are not in the Greek text but are repeated from v. 1 for clarity.

[18:3]  ²¹ tn These were lamps that had some sort of covering to protect them from wind and rain. In earlier usage the word meant “torch” but by NT times it apparently meant a lamp designed to be used outdoors, so “lantern” is a good contemporary English equivalent.

[18:4]  ²² tn Grk “knowing all things that were coming upon him.”

[18:4]  ²³ tn Grk “Whom do you seek?”