Matthew 22:41-42

The Messiah: David’s Son and Lord

22:41 While ¹  the Pharisees ²  were assembled, Jesus asked them a question: ³  22:42 “What do you think about the Christ? ⁴  Whose son is he?” They said, “The son of David.” ⁵ 

Luke 20:41-44

The Messiah: David’s Son and Lord

20:41 But ⁶  he said to them, “How is it that they say that the Christ ⁷  is David’s son? ⁸  20:42 For David himself says in the book of Psalms,

‘The Lord said to my ⁹  lord,

“Sit at my right hand,

20:43 until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.”’ ¹⁰ 

20:44 If David then calls him ‘Lord,’ how can he be his son?” ¹¹ 

John 7:42

7:42 Don’t the scriptures say that the Christ is a descendant ¹²  of David ¹³  and comes from Bethlehem, ¹⁴  the village where David lived?” ¹⁵ 

[22:41]  ¹ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[22:41]  ² sn See the note on Pharisees in 3:7.

[22:41]  ³ tn Grk “asked them a question, saying.” The participle λέγων (legwn) is somewhat redundant here in contemporary English and has not been translated.

[22:42]  ⁴ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

[22:42]  ⁵ sn It was a common belief in Judaism that Messiah would be the son of David in that he would come from the lineage of David. On this point the Pharisees agreed and were correct. But their understanding was nonetheless incomplete, for Messiah is also David’s Lord. With this statement Jesus was affirming that, as the Messiah, he is both God and man.

[20:41]  ⁶ sn If the religious leaders will not dare to question Jesus any longer, then he will question them.

[20:41]  ⁷ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

[20:41]  ⁸ sn It was a common belief in Judaism that Messiah would be David’s son in that he would come from the lineage of David. On this point the Pharisees agreed and were correct. But their understanding was nonetheless incomplete, for Messiah is also David’s Lord. With this statement Jesus was affirming that, as the Messiah, he is both God and man.

[20:42]  ⁹ sn The Lord said to my Lord. With David being the speaker, this indicates his respect for his descendant (referred to as my Lord). Jesus was arguing, as the ancient exposition assumed, that the passage is about the Lord’s anointed. The passage looks at an enthronement of this figure and a declaration of honor for him as he takes his place at the side of God. In Jerusalem, the king’s palace was located to the right of the temple to indicate this kind of relationship. Jesus was pressing the language here to get his opponents to reflect on how great Messiah is.

[20:43]  ¹⁰ sn A quotation from Ps 110:1.

[20:44]  ¹¹ tn Grk “David thus calls him ‘Lord.’ So how is he his son?” The conditional nuance, implicit in Greek, has been made explicit in the translation (cf. Matt 22:45).

[7:42]  ¹² tn Grk “is from the seed” (an idiom for human descent).

[7:42]  ¹³ sn An allusion to Ps 89:4.

[7:42]  ¹⁴ sn An allusion to Mic 5:2.

[7:42]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “the village where David was.”