Discovery BoxRevelation 17:4
Context17:4 Now 1 the woman was dressed in purple and scarlet clothing, 2 and adorned with gold, 3 precious stones, and pearls. She held 4 in her hand a golden cup filled with detestable things and unclean things from her sexual immorality. 5
Revelation 17:1
Context17:1 Then 6 one of the seven angels who had the seven bowls came and spoke to me. 7 “Come,” he said, “I will show you the condemnation and punishment 8 of the great prostitute who sits on many waters,
Revelation 10:11
Context10:11 Then 9 they 10 told me: “You must prophesy again about many peoples, nations, 11 languages, and kings.”
Revelation 10:1
Context10:1 Then 12 I saw another powerful angel descending from heaven, wrapped 13 in a cloud, with a rainbow above his head; his face was like the sun and his legs were like pillars of fire. 14
Proverbs 8:10-11
Context8:10 Receive my instruction 15 rather than 16 silver,
and knowledge rather than choice gold.
8:11 For wisdom is better than rubies,
and desirable things cannot be compared 17 to her.
Ezekiel 27:5-25
Context27:5 They crafted 18 all your planks out of fir trees from Senir; 19
they took a cedar from Lebanon to make your mast.
27:6 They made your oars from oaks of Bashan;
they made your deck 20 with cypresses 21 from the Kittean isles. 22
27:7 Fine linen from Egypt, woven with patterns, was used for your sail
to serve as your banner;
blue and purple from the coastlands of Elishah 23 was used for your deck’s awning.
27:8 The leaders 24 of Sidon 25 and Arvad 26 were your rowers;
your skilled 27 men, O Tyre, were your captains.
27:9 The elders of Gebal 28 and her skilled men were within you, mending cracks; 29
all the ships of the sea and their mariners were within you to trade for your merchandise. 30
27:10 Men of Persia, Lud, 31 and Put were in your army, men of war.
They hung shield and helmet on you; they gave you your splendor.
27:11 The Arvadites 32 joined your army on your walls all around,
and the Gammadites 33 were in your towers.
They hung their quivers 34 on your walls all around;
they perfected your beauty.
27:12 “‘Tarshish 35 was your trade partner because of your abundant wealth; they exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead for your products. 27:13 Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your clients; they exchanged slaves and bronze items for your merchandise. 27:14 Beth Togarmah exchanged horses, chargers, 36 and mules for your products. 27:15 The Dedanites 37 were your clients. Many coastlands were your customers; they paid 38 you with ivory tusks and ebony. 27:16 Edom 39 was your trade partner because of the abundance of your goods; they exchanged turquoise, purple, embroidered work, fine linen, coral, and rubies for your products. 27:17 Judah and the land of Israel were your clients; they traded wheat from Minnith, 40 millet, honey, olive oil, and balm for your merchandise. 27:18 Damascus was your trade partner because of the abundance of your goods and of all your wealth: wine from Helbon, white wool from Zahar, 27:19 and casks of wine 41 from Izal 42 they exchanged for your products. Wrought iron, cassia, and sweet cane were among your merchandise. 27:20 Dedan was your client in saddlecloths for riding. 27:21 Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your trade partners; for lambs, rams, and goats they traded with you. 27:22 The merchants of Sheba and Raamah engaged in trade with you; they traded the best kinds of spices along with precious stones and gold for your products. 27:23 Haran, Kanneh, Eden, merchants from Sheba, Asshur, and Kilmad were your clients. 27:24 They traded with you choice garments, purple clothes and embroidered work, and multicolored carpets, bound and reinforced with cords; these were among your merchandise. 27:25 The ships of Tarshish 43 were the transports for your merchandise.
“‘So you were filled and weighed down in the heart of the seas.
[17:4] 1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the detailed description of the woman, which is somewhat parenthetical in nature.
[17:4] 2 tn The word “clothing” is supplied to clarify that the words “purple” and “scarlet” refer to cloth or garments rather than colors.
[17:4] 3 tn Grk “gilded with gold” (an instance of semantic reinforcement, see L&N 49.29).
[17:4] 4 tn Grk “pearls, having in her hand.” Due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
[17:4] 5 tc Several
[17:1] 6 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
[17:1] 7 tn Grk “with me.” The translation “with me” implies that John was engaged in a dialogue with the one speaking to him (e.g., Jesus or an angel) when in reality it was a one-sided conversation, with John doing all the listening. For this reason, μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ (met’ emou, “with me”) was translated as “to me.”
[17:1] 8 tn Here one Greek term, κρίμα (krima), has been translated by the two English terms “condemnation” and “punishment.” See BDAG 567 s.v. 4.b, “mostly in an unfavorable sense, of the condemnatory verdict and sometimes the subsequent punishment itself 2 Pt 2:3; Jd 4…τὸ κ. τῆς πόρνης the condemnation and punishment of the prostitute Rv 17:1.”
[10:11] 9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
[10:11] 10 tn The referent of “they” is not clear in the Greek text.
[10:11] 11 tn Grk “and nations,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the next item since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
[10:1] 12 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
[10:1] 14 tn Or “like fiery pillars,” translating πυρός (puros) as an attributive genitive.
[8:10] 15 tn Heb “discipline.” The term refers to instruction that trains with discipline (e.g., Prov 1:2).
[8:10] 16 tn Heb “and not” (so KJV, NASB); NAB “in preference to.”
[8:11] 17 tn The verb יִשְׁווּ (yishvu, from שָׁוָה, shavah) can be rendered “are not comparable” or in a potential nuance “cannot be compared” with her.
[27:5] 19 tn Perhaps the hull or deck. The term is dual, so perhaps it refers to a double-decked ship.
[27:6] 21 tc The Hebrew reads “Your deck they made ivory, daughter of Assyria.” The syntactically difficult “ivory” is understood here as dittography and omitted, though some construe this to refer to ivory inlays. “Daughter of Assyria” is understood here as improper word division and the vowels repointed as “cypresses.”
[27:6] 22 tn Heb “from the coastlands (or islands) of Kittim,” generally understood to be a reference to the island of Cyprus, where the Phoenicians had a trading colony on the southeast coast. Many modern English versions have “Cyprus” (CEV, TEV), “the coastlands of Cyprus” (NASB), “the coasts of Cyprus” (NIV, NRSV), or “the southern coasts of Cyprus” (NLT).
[27:7] 23 sn This is probably a reference to Cyprus.
[27:8] 24 tc The MT reads “the residents of”; the LXX reads “your rulers who dwell in.” With no apparent reason for the LXX to add “the rulers” many suppose something has dropped out of the Hebrew text. While more than one may be possible, Allen’s proposal, positing a word meaning “elders,” is the most likely to explain the omission in the MT from a graphic standpoint and also provides a parallel to the beginning of v. 9. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:81.a parallel to v. 9.
[27:8] 25 map For location see Map1 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.
[27:8] 26 sn Sidon and Arvad, like Tyre, were Phoenician coastal cities.
[27:9] 28 sn Another Phoenician coastal city located between Sidon and Arvad.
[27:9] 29 tn Heb “strengthening damages.” Here “to strengthen” means to repair. The word for “damages” occurs several times in 1 Kgs 12 about some type of damage to the temple, which may have referred to or included cracks. Since the context describes Tyre in its glory, we do not expect this reference to damages to be of significant scale, even if there are repairmen. This may refer to using pitch to seal the seams of the ship, which had to be done periodically and could be considered routine maintenance rather than repair of damage.
[27:9] 30 sn The reference to “all the ships of the sea…within you” suggests that the metaphor is changing; previously Tyre had been described as a magnificent ship, but now the description shifts back to an actual city. The “ships of the sea” were within Tyre’s harbor. Verse 11 refers to “walls” and “towers” of the city.
[27:11] 32 tn Heb “sons of Arvad.”
[27:11] 33 sn The identity of the Gammadites is uncertain.
[27:11] 34 tn See note on “quivers” in Jer 51:11 on the meaning of Hebrew שֶׁלֶט (shelet) and also M. Greenberg, Ezekiel (AB), 2:553.
[27:12] 35 sn Tarshish refers to a distant seaport sometimes believed to be located in southern Spain (others identified it as Carthage in North Africa). In any event it represents here a distant, rich, and exotic port which was a trading partner of Tyre.
[27:14] 36 tn The way in which these horses may have been distinguished from other horses is unknown. Cf. ASV “war-horses” (NASB, NIV, NRSV, CEV all similar); NLT “chariot horses.”
[27:15] 37 tn Heb “sons of Dedan.”
[27:15] 38 tn Heb “they returned as your gift.”
[27:16] 39 tc Many Hebrew
[27:17] 40 sn The location is mentioned in Judg 11:33.
[27:19] 41 tc The MT leaves v. 18 as an incomplete sentence and begins v. 19 with “and Dan and Javan (Ionia) from Uzal.” The LXX mentions “wine.” The translation follows an emendation assuming some confusions of vav and yod. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:82.
[27:19] 42 sn According to L. C. Allen (Ezekiel [WBC], 2:82), Izal was located between Haran and the Tigris and was famous for its wine.
[27:25] 43 tn Or perhaps “Large merchant ships.” The expression “ships of Tarshish” may describe a class of vessel, that is, large oceangoing merchant ships.
