Advanced Commentary
Texts -- 2 Samuel 23:36-39 (NET)
Pericope
NET
- 2Sa 23:8-39 -- David's Warriors
Bible Dictionary
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David
[ebd] beloved, the eighth and youngest son of Jesse, a citizen of Bethlehem. His father seems to have been a man in humble life. His mother's name is not recorded. Some think she was the Nahash of 2 Sam. 17:25. As to his personal ...
[isbe] DAVID - da'-vid (dawidh, or dawidh, "beloved"; Daueid, also in New Testament, Dauid, Dabid; see Thayer's Lexicon): I. NAME AND GENEALOGY II. EARLY YEARS 1. Shepherd 2. Slinger 3. Harpist 4. Poet 5. Psalmist 6. Tribesman III....
[nave] DAVID 1. King of Israel. Genealogy of, Ruth 4:18-22; 1 Sam. 16:11; 17:12; 1 Chr. 2:3-15; Matt. 1:1-6; Luke 3:31-38. A shepherd, 1 Sam. 16:11. Kills a lion and a bear, 1 Sam. 17:34-36. Anointed king, while a youth, by the ...
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POETRY, HEBREW
[isbe] POETRY, HEBREW - po'-et-ri: I. IS THERE POETRY IN THE OLD TESTAMENT? Poetry Defined: 1. In Matter, Concrete and Imaginative 2. In Form, Emotional and Rhythmical II. NEGLECT OF HEBREW POETRY: CAUSES III. CHARACTERISTICS OF HE...
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MESSIAH
[isbe] MESSIAH - me-si'-a (mashiach; Aramaic meshicha'; Septuagint Christos, "anointed"; New Testament "Christ"): 1. Meaning and Use of the Term 2. The Messianic Hope I. THE MESSIAH IN THE OLD TESTAMENT 1. The Messianic King (1) Is...
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JOSHAVIAH
[isbe] JOSHAVIAH - josh-a-vi'-a (yoshawyah, allied form to JOSHAH (which see)): Son of Elnaam, one of the band of braves who served David (1 Ch 11:46), omitted from the list of 2 Sam 23, which is less complete and differs in detail...
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SAMUEL, BOOKS OF
[isbe] SAMUEL, BOOKS OF - || I. PLACE OF THE BOOKS OF SAMUEL IN THE HEBREW CANON II. CONTENTS OF THE BOOKS AND PERIOD OF TIME COVERED BY THE HISTORY III. SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS 1. Life of Samuel (1 Samuel 1 through 15) 2. Reign and D...
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MECHERATHITE
[isbe] MECHERATHITE - me-ke'-rath-it (mekherathi, "dweller in Mecharah"): Possibly this is a misreading of "Maachathite" (the King James Version). It is the description of Hepher, one of David's valiant men (1 Ch 11:36). In the Wal...
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TEXT OF THE OLD TESTAMENT
[isbe] TEXT OF THE OLD TESTAMENT - || I. EARLIEST FORM OF WRITING IN ISRAEL 1. Invention of Alphabet 2. The Cuneiform 3. References to Writing in the Old Testament 4. Inscriptions after Settlement in Canaan 5. Orthography of the Pe...
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Courage
[nave] COURAGE Enjoined upon Joshua, Deut. 31:7, 8, 22, 23; Josh. 1:1-9; the Israelites, Lev. 26:6-8; 2 Chr. 32:7, 8; Solomon, 1 Chr. 22:13; 28:20; Asa, 2 Chr. 15:1-7. Enjoined by Jehoshaphat upon the judicial and executive office...
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Captain
[nave] CAPTAIN Commander-in-chief of an army, Deut. 20:9; Judg. 4:2; 1 Sam. 14:50; 1 Kin. 2:35; 16:16; 1 Chr. 27:34. Of the tribes, Num. 2. Of thousands, Num. 31:48; 1 Sam. 17:18; 1 Chr. 28:1. Of hundreds, 2 Kin. 11:15. See: Ce...
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Armies
[nave] ARMIES Who of the Israelites were subject to service in, Num. 1:2, 3; 26:2; 2 Chr. 25:5; who were exempt from service in, Num. 1:47-50; 2:33; Deut. 20:5-9; Judg. 7:3. Enumeration of Israel's military forces, Num. 1:2, 3; 26...
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Bani
[ebd] built. (1.) 1 Chr. 6:46. (2.) One of David's thirty-seven warriors, a Gadite (2 Sam. 23:36). (3.) Ezra 2:10; 10:29,34,38. (4.) A Levite who was prominent in the reforms on the return from Babylon (Neh. 8:7; 9:4,5). His son R...
[isbe] BANI - ba'-ni (bani, "posterity"): (1) A Gadite, one of David's mighty men (2 Sam 23:36). (2) A Levite whose son was appointed for service in the tabernacle at David's time (1 Ch 6:46). (3) A Judahite whose son lived in Jeru...
[smith] (built). A Gadite, one of David?s mighty men. (2Â Samuel 23:36) (B.C. 1046.) A Levite of the line of Merari, and forefather to Ethan. (1Â Chronicles 6:46) A man of Judah of the line of Pharez. (1Â Chronicles 9:4) "Chil...
[nave] BANI 1. A Gadite, 2 Sam. 23:36. 2. A Levite, 1 Chr. 6:46. 3. A descendant of Pharez, 1 Chr. 9:4. 4. Father of returned exiles, Ezra 2:10; 10:29. Called Biui, Neh. 7:15. 5. A Levite of the returned exiles, Neh. 3:17; 8:7...
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JOSHAPHAT
[isbe] JOSHAPHAT - josh'-a-fat (yoshaphaT, "Yahweh has judged"; compare JEHOSHAPHAT): (1) One of David's mighty men (1 Ch 11:43), a "Mithnite," but not included in the list of 2 Sam 23. (2) A priest and trumpeter of David's time (1...
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Ira
[ebd] citizen; wakeful. (1.) A Tekoite, one of David's thirty warriors (2 Sam. 23:26). (2.) An Ithrite, also one of David's heroes (2 Sam. 23:38). (3.) A Jairite and priest, a royal chaplain (2 Sam. 20:26) or confidential adviser ...
[isbe] IRA - i'-ra (`ira'; Eiras): (1) A person referred to in 2 Sam 20:26 as "priest" (so the Revised Version (British and American) correctly; the King James Version "a chief ruler," the American Standard Revised Version "chief m...
[smith] (watchful of a city). "The Jairite," named in the catalogue of David?s great officers. (2Â Samuel 20:26) One of the heroes of David?s guard. (2Â Samuel 23:38; 1Â Chronicles 11:40) Another of David?s guard, a Tekoite, s...
[nave] IRA 1. A priest, 2 Sam. 20:26. 2. The Ithrite, one of David's heroes, 2 Sam. 23:38; 1 Chr. 11:40. 3. A Tekoite, one of David's heroes, 2 Sam. 23:26; 1 Chr. 11:28; 27:9.
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ABISHAI
[isbe] ABISHAI - ab'-i-shi, a-bi'-shi ('abhishai, in Ch 'abhshai; meaning is doubtful, probably "my father is Jesse," BDB): Son of Zeruiah, David's sister, and one of the three famous brothers, of whom Joab and Asahel were the othe...
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AMASAI
[isbe] AMASAI - a-ma'-si (`amasay, perhaps rather to be read `ammishay; so Wellhausen, IJG, II, 24, n.2): (1) A name in the genealogy of Kohath, son of Elkanah, a Levite of the Kohathite family (compare 1 Ch 6:25; 2 Ch 29:12). (2) ...
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Igal
[ebd] avengers. (1.) Num. 13:7, one of the spies of the tribe of Issachar. (2.) Son of Nathan of Zobah, and one of David's warriors (2 Sam. 23:36). (3.) 1 Chr. 3:22.
[isbe] IGAL - i'-gal (yigh'al, "he (God) redeems"; Septuagint variously Igal, Gaal, Ieol): (1) One of the twelve spies sent by Moses from the wilderness of Paran; son of Joseph, tribe of Issachar (Nu 13:7). (2) One of David's heroe...
[smith] (whom God will avenge). One of the spies, son of Joseph, of the tribe of Issachar. (Numbers 13:7) (B.C. 1490.) One of the heroes of David?s guard, son of Nathan of Zobah. (2Â Samuel 23:36) (B.C. 1046.)
[nave] IGAL 1. One of the spies sent to Canaan, Num. 13:7. 2. Called also Joel. One of David's guards, 2 Sam. 23:36; 1 Chr. 11:38.
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Giants
[ebd] (1.) Heb. nephilim, meaning "violent" or "causing to fall" (Gen. 6:4). These were the violent tyrants of those days, those who fell upon others. The word may also be derived from a root signifying "wonder," and hence "monste...
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Gareb
[ebd] scabby; itch. (1.) One of David's warriors (2 Sam. 23:38), an Ithrite. (2.) A hill near Jerusalem (Jer. 31:39), probably the hill of lepers, and consequently a place outside the boundary of the city.
[isbe] GAREB - ga'-reb (garebh): One of David's "mighty men of the armies" (2 Sam 23:38; 1 Ch 11:40), an "Ithrite," i.e. a member of one of the families of Kiriath-jearim (1 Ch 2:53). Some, however, read ha-yattiri for ha-yithri, t...
[smith] (scabby), one of the heroes of David?s army. (2Â Samuel 23:38)
[nave] GAREB 1. One of David's mighty men, 2 Sam. 23:38; 1 Chr. 11:40. 2. A hill, Jer. 31:39.
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Zelek
[ebd] cleft, an Ammonite; one of David's valiant men (2 Sam. 23:37).
[isbe] ZELEK - ze'-lek (tseleq, meaning unknown): An Ammonite, one of David's mighty men (2 Sam 23:37; 1 Ch 11:39).
[nave] ZELEK, an Ammonite, 2 Sam. 23:37; 1 Chr. 11:39.
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ITHRITE
[ebd] two of David's warriors so designated (2 Sam. 23:38; 1 Chr. 11:40).
[isbe] ITHRITE - ith'-rit (yithri, "excellence," "preeminence"): A family in Israel, whose home was Kiriath-jearim (1 Ch 2:53). Among the 37 heroes of David, two are mentioned who belonged to this family, Ira and Gareb (2 Sam 23:38...
[smith] (belonging to Jether), The, the designation of two of the members of David?s guard, Ira and Gareb. (2Â Samuel 23:38; 1Â Chronicles 11:40) They may have come from Jattir, in the mountains of Judah. (B.C 1046.)
Arts
Resources/Books
Expository Notes on the Bible (Constable)
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Having completed the major addresses to the Israelites recorded to this point in Deuteronomy, Moses needed only to make a few final arrangements before Israel was ready to enter the land. The record of these events concludes ...
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The Book of Samuel covers the period of Israel's history bracketed by Samuel's conception and the end of David's reign. David turned the kingdom over to Solomon in 971 B.C.3David reigned for 40 and one-half years (2 Sam. 2:11...
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(Continued from notes on 1 Samuel)V. David's triumphs chs. 1-8A. The beginning of David's kingdom 1:1-3:51. David's discovery of Saul and Jonathan's deaths ch. 12. David's move to Hebron 2:1-4a3. David's overtures to Jabesh-g...
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Chapters 9-20 contrast with chapters 2-8 in that this later section is negative whereas the earlier one was positive. It records failure; the former records success. Compare the similar narrative of Saul's triumphs (1 Sam. 7-...
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David compounded his sin by trying to cover it up rather than confessing it. He tried three cover-ups: a "clean"one (vv. 6-11), a "dirty"one (vv. 12-13), and a "criminal"one (vv. 14-17).178David's suggestion that Uriah go hom...
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The last major section of the Book of Samuel (2 Sam. 21-24) consists of six separate pericopes that together constitute a conclusion to the whole book (cf. Judg. 17-21). Each pericope emphasizes the theological message of the...
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Thirty-two more soldiers obtained special distinction (vv. 24-39), including Uriah the Hittite (v. 39). The writer referred to them as "The Thirty."This designation seems to have been a title for their exclusive group (cf. v....
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David proceeded to offer sacrifices in response to Gad's instructions (v. 18). David needed to commit himself again to God (the burnt offering) and to renew his fellowship with God (the peace offering, v. 25). God instructed ...
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When 1 Samuel opened Israel was a loosely connected affiliation of tribes with little unity and loyalty. Judges led her many of whom were weak and ineffective. Her worship was in disrepute due to corruption in the priesthood....
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Achtemeier, Paul J., and Elizabeth Achtemeier. The Old Testament Roots of Our Faith. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1979.Ackerman, James S. "Knowing Good and Evil: A Literary Ananysis of the Court History in 2 Samuel 9-20 and ...
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Matthew began his Gospel with a record of Jesus' genealogy because the Christians claimed that Jesus was the Messiah promised in the Old Testament. To qualify as such He had to be a Jew from the royal line of David (Isa. 9:6-...
