Advanced Commentary
Texts -- Genesis 36:39-43 (NET)
Pericope
NET
- Gen 36:1-43 -- The Descendants of Esau
Bible Dictionary
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Duke
[ebd] derived from the Latin dux, meaning "a leader;" Arabic, "a sheik." This word is used to denote the phylarch or chief of a tribe (Gen. 36:15-43; Ex. 15:15; 1 Chr. 1:51-54).
[nave] DUKE Title of the princes of Edom, Gen. 36:15-43; Ex. 15:15; 1 Chr. 1:51-54. Of the Midianites, Josh. 13:21.
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Edomites
[nave] EDOMITES, called also Edom. Descendants of Esau, Gen. 36. Kings of, Gen. 36:31-39; Num. 20:14; 1 Chr. 1:43-50; Ezek. 32:29; Amos 2:1. Dukes of, Gen. 36:9-43; Ex. 15:15; 1 Chr. 1:51-54. Land of, Gen. 32:3; Deut. 2:4, 5, 12....
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DISHAN; DISHON
[isbe] DISHAN; DISHON - di'-shan, di'-shon (dishan, dishon, "antelope," "pygarg"): A Horite clan, mentioned as the youngest "son" and elsewhere as the "grandson" of Seir. The form Dishon occurs several times in the list of Horite c...
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ANAH
[isbe] ANAH - a'-na (`anah, meaning uncertain; a Horite clan-name (Gen 36)): (1) Mother of Aholibamah, one of the wives of Esau and daughter of Zibeon (compare Gen 36:2,14,18,25). The Septuagint, the Samaritan Pentateuch, and the P...
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Genealogy
[nave] GENEALOGY, Num. 1:18; 2 Chr. 12:15; Ezra 2:59; Neh. 7:5; Heb. 7:3. Of no spiritual significance, Matt. 3:9; 1 Tim. 1:4; Tit. 3:9. From Adam to Noah, Gen. 4:16-22; 5; 1 Chr. 1:1-4; Luke 3:36-38; to Abraham, Gen. 11:10-32; ...
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GENESIS, 3
[isbe] GENESIS, 3 - III. The Structure of the Individual Pericopes. In this division of the article, there is always to be found (under 1) a consideration of the unity of the Biblical text and (under 2) the rejection of the customa...
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GENEALOGY, 8 part 2
[isbe] GENEALOGY, 8 part 2 - I. Primeval Genealogies (1 Chronicals 1:1-54). To show Israel's place among the nations; follows Genesis closely, omitting only the Cainites; boldly, skillfully compressed, as if the omitted facts were ...
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Governor
[ebd] (1.) Heb. nagid, a prominent, conspicuous person, whatever his capacity: as, chief of the royal palace (2 Chr. 28:7; comp. 1 Kings 4:6), chief of the temple (1 Chr. 9:11; Jer. 20:1), the leader of the Aaronites (1 Chr. 12:27...
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Bashemath
[ebd] sweet-smelling. (1.) The daughter of Ishmael, the last of Esau's three wives (Gen. 36:3, 4, 13), from whose son Reuel four tribes of the Edomites sprung. She is also called Mahalath (Gen. 28:9). It is noticeable that Esau's ...
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Rulers
[nave] RULERS Appointed and removed by God. See: Government, God in. Chastised, Dan. 4. See: Nation. Monarchical, See: Kings. Patriarchal, Gen. 27:29, 37. Instances of Nimrod, Gen. 10:8-10. Abraham, Gen. 14:13-24; 17:6; 21:2...
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Edom
[ebd] (1.) The name of Esau (q.v.), Gen. 25:30, "Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage [Heb. haadom, haadom, i.e., 'the red pottage, the red pottage'] ...Therefore was his name called Edom", i.e., Red. (2.) Idumea (Isa....
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Esau
[nave] ESAU Eldest of twin sons born to Isaac and Rebekah. Birth of, Gen. 25:19-26; 1 Chr. 1:34. Called Edom, Gen. 36:1, 8. A hunter, Gen. 25:27, 28. Beloved by Isaac, Gen. 25:27, 28. Sells his birthright for some stew, Gen. 25...
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GENEALOGY, 8 part 1
[isbe] GENEALOGY, 8 part 1 - 8. Principal Genealogies and Lists: In the early genealogies the particular strata to which each has been assigned by reconstructive critics is here indicated by J, the Priestly Code (P), etc. The signs...
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Teman
[ebd] id. (1.) A grandson of Esau, one of the "dukes of Edom" (Gen. 36:11, 15, 42). (2.) A place in Southern Idumea, the land of "the sons of the east," frequently mentioned in the Old Testament. It was noted for the wisdom of its...
[isbe] TEMAN - te'-man (teman, "on the right," i.e. "south"; Thaiman): The name of a district and town in the land of Edom, named after Teman the grandson of Esau, the son of his firstborn, Eliphaz (Gen 36:11; 1 Ch 1:36). A duke Te...
[smith] (the south). A son of Eliphaz, son of Esau by Adah. (Genesis 36:11,15,41; 1Â Chronicles 1:36,53) (B.C. about 1792.) A country, and probably a city, named after the Edomite phylarch, or from which the phylarch took his name...
[nave] TEMAN 1. Son of Eliphaz, Gen. 36:11, 15, 42; 1 Chr. 1:36, 53. 2. Called also Temani and Temanites. A people supposed to be descended from Teman, son of Eliphaz, Gen. 36:34; Job 2:11. Prophecies concerning, Jer. 49:7; Ezek....
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Jetheth
[ebd] a peg, or a prince, one of the Edomitish kings of Mount Seir (Gen. 36:40).
[isbe] JETHETH - je'-theth (yetheth, meaning unknown): a chief (or clan) of Edom (Gen 36:40 parallel 1 Ch 1:51), but probably a mistake for "Jether" = "Ithran" (Gen 36:26).
[smith] (a nail), one of the "dukes" who came of Esau. (Genesis 36:40; 1Â Chronicles 1:51)
[nave] JETHETH, a duke of Esau, Gen. 36:40; 1 Chr. 1:51.
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Hadad
[ebd] Adod, brave(?), the name of a Syrian god. (1.) An Edomite king who defeated the Midianites (Gen. 36:35; 1 Chr. 1:46). (2.) Another Edomite king (1 Chr. 1:50, 51), called also Hadar (Gen. 36:39; 1 Chr. 1:51). (3.) One of "the...
[isbe] HADAD - ha'-dad: (1) (chadhadh, "sharpness"): One of the twelve sons of Ishmael (Gen 25:15, where the King James Version, following a mistake in Hebrew text, has "Hadar"; but "Hadad" is found in parallel passage 1 Ch 1:30; t...
[smith] (mighty), originally the indigenous appellation of the sun among the Syrians, and thence transferred to the king as the highest of earthly authorities. The title appears to have been an official one, like Pharaoh. It is found...
[nave] HADAD 1. A successor of Husham as king of Edom. Vanquished the Midianites on the field of Moab, Gen. 36:35; 1 Chr. 1:46. 2. A son of Ishmael, 1 Chr. 1:30. Called Hadar in Gen. 25:15. 3. Successor of Baal-hanan, king of Ed...
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Mibzar
[ebd] fortress, one of the Edomitish "dukes" descended from Esau (Gen. 36:42; 1 Chr. 1:53).
[isbe] MIBZAR - mib'-zar (mibhtsar, "a fortress"): An Edomite chief, the King James Version "duke" (Gen 36:42; 1 Ch 1:53). According to Eusebius, Mibzar is connected with Mibsara, a considerable village subject to Petra and still e...
[smith] (fortress), one of the "dukes" of Edom. (Genesis 36:42; 1Â Chronicles 1:53)
[nave] MIBZAR, chief of Edom, Gen. 36:42; 1 Chr. 1:53.
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Iram
[ebd] citizen, chief of an Edomite tribe in Mount Seir (Gen. 36:43).
[isbe] IRAM - i'-ram (`iram; Septuagint variously in Gen): A "chief" of Edom (Gen 36:43 parallel 1 Ch 1:54).
[smith] (belonging to a city), a leader of the Edomites, (Genesis 36:43; 1Â Chronicles 1:54) i.e. the chief of a family or tribe. No identification of him has been found.
[nave] IRAM, a duke of Edom, Gen. 36:43; 1 Chr. 1:54.
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TIMNA, OR TIMNAH
[smith] (restraint). A concubine of Eliphaz son of Esau, and mother of Amalek (Genesis 36:12) it may be presumed that she was the same as Timna sister of Lotan. Ibid. ver. 22, and (1Â Chronicles 1:39) (B.C. after 1800.) A duke or ...
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Matred
[isbe] MATRED - ma'-tred (maTredh, "expulsion"): The mother of Mehetabel, wife of Hadar, one of the kings of Edom (Gen 36:39; 1 Ch 1:50, "Hadad"). The Septuagint and Peshitta designate Matred as male, i.e. as son of Mezahab instead...
[smith] (pushing forward) daughter of Mezahab and mother of Mehetabel, who was wife of Hadar or Hadad of Pau, king of Edom. (Genesis 36:39; 1Â Chronicles 1:50)
[nave] MATRED, mother of Mehetabel, Gen. 36:39; 1 Chr. 1:50.
Resources/Books
Expository Notes on the Bible (Constable)
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The events recorded in Genesis stretch historically from Creation to Joseph's death, a period of at least 2500 years. The first part of the book (ch. 1-11) is not as easy to date precisely as the second part (ch. 12-50). The ...
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Genesis provides the historical basis for the rest of the Bible and the Pentateuch, particularly the Abrahamic Covenant. Chapters 1-11 give historical background essential to understanding that covenant, and chapters 12-50 re...
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The structure of Genesis is very clear. The phrase "the generations of"(toledotin Hebrew, from yaladmeaning "to bear, to generate") occurs ten times (really eleven times since 36:9 repeats 36:1), and in each case it introduce...
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The Lord destroyed the corrupt, violent human race and deluged its world, but He used righteous Noah to preserve life and establish a new world after the Flood."Noah's experience presents decisively the author's assertion tha...
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"The Babel account (11:1-9) is not the end of early Genesis. If it were, the story would conclude on the sad note of human failure. But as with earlier events in Genesis 1-11, God's grace once again supersedes human sin, insu...
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One of the significant changes in the emphasis that occurs at this point in Genesis is from cursing in the primeval record to blessing in the patriarchal narratives. The Abrahamic Covenant is most important in this respect. H...
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A major theme of the Pentateuch is the partial fulfillment of the promises to the patriarchs. The promises in Genesis 12:1-3 and 7 are the fountainhead from which the rest of the Pentateuch flows.397Walter Kaiser labeled the ...
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"These verses are of fundamental importance for the theology of Genesis, for they serve to bind together the primeval history and the later patriarchal history and look beyond it to the subsequent history of the nation."414"W...
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The second crisis Abram faced arose because of a famine in Canaan. Abram chose to sojourn in the Nile Valley until it was past. In this incident Abram tried to pass Sarai off as his sister because he feared for his life. By d...
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Abraham's purchase of a burial site in the Promised Land demonstrated his intention to remain in Canaan rather than going back to his native homeland. Since he was a sojourner in Canaan his friends probably expected him to bu...
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A new toledotbegins with 25:19. Its theme is "the acquisition of the blessing and its development and protection by the Lord."625Moses set up the whole Jacob narrative in a chiastic structure that emphasizes the fulfillment o...
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Moses included this relatively short genealogy (toledot) in the sacred record to show God's faithfulness in multiplying Abraham's seed as He had promised. He also did so to provide connections with the descendants of Esau ref...
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Aalders, Gerhard Charles. Genesis. The Bible Student's Commentary series. 2 vols. Translated by William Heynen. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1981.Aharoni, Yohanan, and Michael Avi-Yonah. The Macmillan Bible Atlas...
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The Book of Samuel covers the period of Israel's history bracketed by Samuel's conception and the end of David's reign. David turned the kingdom over to Solomon in 971 B.C.3David reigned for 40 and one-half years (2 Sam. 2:11...
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105:7-11 God remembered His people (v. 7, cf. v. 42) so His people should remember Him (v. 5). God had been faithful to the Abrahamic Covenant (Gen. 12:1-3, 7; 15:18-21; 22:15-18; 28:13-15). He made this covenant with Abraham...