collapse all  

Text -- Luke 21:22 (NET)

Strongs On/Off
Context
21:22 because these are days of vengeance, to fulfill all that is written.
Parallel   Cross Reference (TSK)   ITL  

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Dictionary Themes and Topics: Watchfulness | War | PAROUSIA | MILLENNIUM, PREMILLENNIAL VIEW | LUKE, THE GOSPEL OF | Jesus, The Christ | Jerusalem | JESUS CHRIST, 4E1 | Israel | ESCHATOLOGY OF THE NEW TESTAMENT, I-V | ANDREW | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Robertson , Vincent , Wesley , Clarke , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , Maclaren , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Barclay , Constable , College , McGarvey , Lapide

collapse all
Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Robertson: Luk 21:22 - -- That may be fulfilled ( tou plēsthēnai ). Articular infinitive passive to express purpose with accusative of general reference. The O.T. has many...

That may be fulfilled ( tou plēsthēnai ).

Articular infinitive passive to express purpose with accusative of general reference. The O.T. has many such warnings (Hos 9:7; Deu 28:49-57, etc.).

Vincent: Luk 21:22 - -- Vengeance ( ἐκδικήσεως ) Of rendering full justice, or satisfaction. See on avenge , Luk 18:3.

Vengeance ( ἐκδικήσεως )

Of rendering full justice, or satisfaction. See on avenge , Luk 18:3.

Wesley: Luk 21:22 - -- Particularly in Daniel.

Particularly in Daniel.

Clarke: Luk 21:22 - -- These be the days of vengeance - See on Mat 24:21 (note).

These be the days of vengeance - See on Mat 24:21 (note).

TSK: Luk 21:22 - -- the days : Isa 34:8, Isa 61:2; Jer 51:6; Rom 2:5; 2Pe 2:9, 2Pe 3:7 all : Lev. 26:14-33; Deut. 28:15-68, Deu 29:19-28, Deu 32:34, Deu 32:43; Psa 69:22-...

collapse all
Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Luk 21:7-36 - -- The account of the destruction of Jerusalem contained in this chapter has been fully considered in the notes at Matt. 24. All that will be necessary...

The account of the destruction of Jerusalem contained in this chapter has been fully considered in the notes at Matt. 24. All that will be necessary here will be an explanation of a few words that did not occur in that chapter.

Luk 21:9

Commotions - Insurrections. Subjects rising against their rulers.

Luk 21:11

Fearful sights - See Mat 24:7.

Luk 21:12, Luk 21:13

Synagogues, and into prisons - See the notes at Mar 13:9-10.

Luk 21:14

Settle it, therefore, in your hearts - Fix it firmly in your minds - so firmly as to become a settled principle - that you are always to depend on God for aid in all your trials. See Mar 13:11.

Luk 21:15

A mouth - Eloquence, ability to speak as the case may demand. Compare Exo 4:11.

Gainsay - Speak against. They will not be able to "reply"to it, or to "resist"the force of what you shall say.

Luk 21:18

A hair of your head perish - This is a proverbial expression, denoting that they should not suffer any essential injury. This was strikingly fulfilled in the fact that in the calamities of Jerusalem there is reason to believe that no Christian suffered. Before those calamities came on the city they had fled to "Pella,"a city on the east of the Jordan. See the notes at Mat 24:18.

Luk 21:19

In your patience - Rather by your perseverance. The word "patience"here means constancy or perseverance in sustaining afflictions.

Possess ye your souls - Some read here the "future"instead of the "present"of the verb rendered "possess."The word "possess"means here to "preserve"or keep, and the word "souls"means "lives."This passage may be thus translated: By persevering in bearing these trials you "will"save your lives, or you will be safe; or, by persevering "preserve"your lives; that is, do not yield to these calamities, but bear up under them, for he that endureth to the end, the same shall be saved. Compare Mat 24:13.

Luk 21:22

All things which are written may be fulfilled - Judgment had been threatened by almost all the prophets against that wicked city. They had spoken of its crimes and threatened its ruin. Once God had destroyed Jerusalem and carried the people to Babylon; but their crimes had been repeated when they returned, and God had again threatened their ruin. Particularly was this very destruction foretold by Daniel, Dan 9:26-27; "And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself; and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined."See the notes at that passage.

Luk 21:24

Shall fall ... - No less than one million one hundred thousand perished in the siege of Jerusalem.

Shall be led away captive - More than 90,000 were led into captivity. See the notes at Matt. 24.

Shall be trodden down by the Gentiles - Shall be in possession of the Gentiles, or be subject to them. The expression also implies that it would be an "oppressive"subjection, as when a captive in war is trodden down under the feet of the conqueror. Anciently conquerors "trod on"the necks of those who were subdued by them, Jos 10:24; 2Sa 22:41; Eze 21:29. The bondage of Jerusalem has been long and very oppressive. It was for a long time under the dominion of the Romans, then of the Saracens, and is now of the Turks, and is aptly represented by a captive stretched on the ground whose neck is "trodden"by the foot of the conqueror.

Until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled - This passage has been understood very differently by different expositors. Some refer it to the time which the Romans who conquered it had dominion over it, as signifying that "they"should keep possession of it until a part of the pagans should be converged, when it should be rebuilt. Thus it was rebuilt by the Emperor Adrian. Others suppose that it refers to the end of the world, when all the Gentiles shall be converted, and they shall "cease"to be Gentiles by becoming Christians, meaning that it should "always"be desolate. Others, that Christ meant to say that in the times of the millennium, when the gospel should spread universally, he would reign personally on the earth, and that the "Jews"would return and rebuild Jerusalem and the temple. This is the opinion of the Jews and of many Christians. The meaning of the passage clearly is,

1.    That Jerusalem would be completely destroyed.

2.    That this would be done by Gentiles - that is, by the Roman armies.

3.    That this desolation would continue as long as God should judge it proper in a fit manner to express his abhorrence of the crimes of the nation - that is, until the times allotted to "them"by God for this desolation should be accomplished, without specifying how long that would be, or what would occur to the city after that.

It "may"be rebuilt, and inhabited by converted Jews. Such a thing is "possible,"and the Jews naturally seek that as their home; but whether this be so or not, the time when the "Gentiles,"as such, shall have dominion over the city is limited. Like all other cities on the earth, it will yet be brought under the influence of the gospel, and will be inhabited by the true friends of God. Pagan, infidel, anti-Christian dominion shall cease there, and it will be again a place where God will be worshipped in sincerity - a place "even then"of special interest from the recollection of the events which have occurred there. "How long"it is to be before this occurs is known only to Him "who hath put the times and seasons in his own power,"Act 1:7.

Luk 21:25

See the notes at Mat 24:29.

Upon the earth distress of nations - Some have proposed to render the word "earth"by "land,"confining it to Judea. It often has this meaning, and there seems some propriety in so using it here. The word translated "distress"denotes anxiety of mind - such an anxiety as people have when they do not know what to do to free themselves from calamities; and it means here that the calamities would be so great and overwhelming that they would not know what to do to escape. There would be a want of counsel, and deep anxiety at the impending evils.

With perplexity - Rather "on account"of their perplexity, or the desperate state of their affairs. The Syriac has it, "perplexity or wringing of hands,"which is a sign of deep distress and horror.

The sea and the waves roaring - This is not to be understood literally, but as an image of great distress. Probably it is designed to denote that these calamities would come upon them like a deluge. As when in a storm the ocean roars, and wave rolls on wave and dashes against the shore, and each succeeding surge is more violent than the one that preceded it, so would the calamities come upon Judea. They would roll over the whole land, and each wave of trouble would be more violent than the one that preceded it, until the whole country would be desolate. The same image is also used in Isa 8:7-8, and Rev 18:15.

Luk 21:26

Men’ s hearts failing them - This is an expression denoting the highest terror. The word rendered "failing"commonly denotes to "die,"and here it means that the terror would be so great that people would faint and be ready to die in view of the approaching calamities. And if this was true in respect to the judgments about to come upon Judea, how much more so will it be in the day of judgment, when the wicked will be arraigned before the Son of God, and when they shall have before them the prospect of the awful sufferings of hell - the pains and woes which shall continue forever! It will be no wonder, then, if they call on the rocks and mountains to hide them from the face of God, and if their hearts sink within them at the prospect of eternal suffering.

Luk 21:28

Your redemption draweth nigh - See the notes at Mat 24:33. This is expressed in Luk 21:31 thus: "the kingdom of God is nigh at hand"- that is, from that time God will signally build up his kingdom. It shall be fully established when the Jewish policy shall come to an end; when the temple shall be destroyed, and the Jews scattered abroad. Then the power of the Jews shall be at an end; they shall no longer be able to persecute you, and you shall be completely delivered from all these trials and calamities in Judea.

Luk 21:34

Lest at any time your hearts be overcharged ... - The meaning of this verse is, "Be continually expecting these things. Do not forget them, and do not be "secure"and satisfied with this life and the good things which it furnishes. Do not suffer yourselves to be drawn into the fashions of the world; to be conformed to its customs; to partake of its feasts and revelry; and so these calamities shall come upon you when you least expect them."And from this we may learn - what alas! we may from the "lives"of many professing Christians - that there is need of cautioning the disciples of Jesus now that they do not indulge in the festivities of this life, and "forget"that they are to die and come to judgment. How many, alas! who bear the Christian name, have forgotten this caution of the Saviour, and live as if their lives were secure; as if they feared not death; as if there were no heaven and no judgment! Christians should feel that they are soon to die, and that their portion is not in this life; and, feeling this, they should be "looking for and hasting unto the coming of the day of God."

Overcharged - Literally, "be made heavy,"as is the case with those who have eaten and drunken too much.

Surfeiting - Excessive eating and drinking, so as to oppress the body; indulgence in the pleasures of the table. This word does not include "intoxication,"but merely indulgence in food and drink, though the food and drink should be in themselves lawful.

Drunkenness - Intoxication, intemperance in drinking. The ancients were not acquainted with the poison that we chiefly use on which to become drunk. They had no distilled spirits. They became intoxicated on wine, and strong drink made of a mixture of dates, honey, etc. All nations have contrived some way to become intoxicated - to bring in folly, and disease, and poverty, and death, by drunkenness; and in nothing is the depravity of men more manifest than in thus endeavoring to hasten the ravages of crime and death.

Luk 21:35

As a snare - In Matthew and Mark Jesus compares the suddenness with which these calamities would come to the deluge coming in the days of Noah. Here he likens it to a snare. Birds are caught by a snare or net. It is sprung on them quickly, and when they are not expecting it. So, says he, shall these troubles come upon Judea. The figure is often used to denote the suddenness of calamities, Psa 69:22; Rom 11:9; Psa 124:7; Isa 24:17.

Luk 21:36

To stand before the Son of man - These approaching calamities are represented as the "coming of the Son of man"to judge Jerusalem for its crimes. Its inhabitants were so wicked that they were not worthy to stand before him and would be condemned, and the city would be overthrown. To "stand before him"here denotes approbation, acquittal, favor, and is equivalent to saying that "they"would be free from these calamities, while they should come upon others. See Rom 14:4; Psa 1:5; Psa 130:3; Rev 6:17. Perhaps, also, there is a reference here to the day of judgment. See the notes at Matt. 24.

Poole: Luk 21:20-22 - -- Ver. 20-22. After our Saviour’ s ascension, the seditions amongst the Jews were so many, and they rebelled so often against the Romans, during t...

Ver. 20-22. After our Saviour’ s ascension, the seditions amongst the Jews were so many, and they rebelled so often against the Romans, during the governments of Felix, Festus, Albinus, and Florus, that the Romans resolved wholly to destroy them, and to that purpose Titus Vespasian was sent with an army against them, who took the city. Our Saviour foresaw, that when that time should come there would be some vain persons full of stomach for their liberties, that would be prophesying their deliverance, and encouraging them to hold out to the last. He warns his disciples to give no credit to them, for God would certainly deliver the city into their hands; therefore he advises them, as soon as they should see the city besieged, they should all shift for themselves as first as they could, for there was no true ground to hope for any deliverance. The time of God’ s vengeance was come, when God would most certainly fulfil against that place whatsoever he had foretold against it.

Haydock: Luk 21:22 - -- Days of vengeance, &c. These are truly the days of vengeance; days, that will arise to punish this people for having spilt the blood of the Lord. (V...

Days of vengeance, &c. These are truly the days of vengeance; days, that will arise to punish this people for having spilt the blood of the Lord. (Ven. Bede)

Gill: Luk 21:22 - -- For these be the days of vengeance,.... Of God's vengeance on the Jewish nation, for their rejection and crucifixion of the Messiah; that all thing...

For these be the days of vengeance,.... Of God's vengeance on the Jewish nation, for their rejection and crucifixion of the Messiah;

that all things which are written may be fulfilled; as in Moses and the prophets; see Deu 28:20

expand all
Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Luk 21:22 The passive construction with the infinitive πλησθῆναι (plhsqhnai) has been translated as an active cons...

expand all
Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Luk 21:1-38 - --1 Christ commends the poor widow.5 He foretells the destruction of the temple, and of the city Jerusalem;25 the signs also which shall be before the l...

Maclaren: Luk 21:20-36 - --When Shall These Things Be? And when ye shall see Jerusalem compassed with armies, then know that the desolation thereof is nigh. 21. Then let them w...

MHCC: Luk 21:5-28 - --With much curiosity those about Christ ask as to the time when the great desolation should be. He answers with clearness and fulness, as far as was ne...

Matthew Henry: Luk 21:20-28 - -- Having given them an idea of the times for about thirty-eight years next ensuing, he here comes to show them what all those things would issue in at...

Barclay: Luk 21:5-24 - --The Background Of The Chapter From Luk 21:5onwards this becomes a very difficult chapter. Its difficulty rests in the fact that beneath it lie four d...

Constable: Luk 19:28--22:1 - --VI. Jesus' ministry in Jerusalem 19:28--21:38 Luke's account of Jesus' passion highlights Jesus' entry into Jeru...

Constable: Luk 21:5-36 - --D. Jesus' teaching about the destruction of the temple 21:5-36 The emphasis in Luke's version of this im...

Constable: Luk 21:20-24 - --3. The judgment coming on Jerusalem 21:20-24 Jesus now returned to the subject of when the temple would suffer destruction (v. 7). The similar passage...

College: Luk 21:1-38 - --LUKE 21 H. THE WIDOW'S OFFERING (21:1-4) 1 As he looked up, Jesus saw the rich putting their gifts into the temple treasury. 2 He also saw a poor wi...

McGarvey: Luk 21:5-24 - -- CXIII. DESTRUCTION OF JERUSALEM FORETOLD. aMATT. XXIV. 1-28; bMARK XIII. 1-23; cLUKE XXI. 5-24.    a1 And Jesus went out from the tem...

Lapide: Luk 21:1-38 - --CHAPTER 21 Ver. 18.— But there shall not an hair of your head perish. "Because," says S. Gregory, "what was said about death was hard, comfort is ...

expand all
Introduction / Outline

Robertson: Luke (Book Introduction) THE GOSPEL OF LUKE By Way of Introduction There is not room here for a full discussion of all the interesting problems raised by Luke as the autho...

JFB: Luke (Book Introduction) THE writer of this Gospel is universally allowed to have been Lucas (an abbreviated form of Lucanus, as Silas of Silvanus), though he is not expressly...

JFB: Luke (Outline) ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE FORERUNNER. (Luke 1:5-25) ANNUNCIATION OF CHRIST. (Luk 1:26-38) VISIT OF MARY TO ELISABETH. (Luke 1:39-56) BIRTH AND CIRCUMCISION...

TSK: Luke (Book Introduction) Luke, to whom this Gospel has been uniformly attributed from the earliest ages of the Christian church, is generally allowed to have been " the belove...

TSK: Luke 21 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Luk 21:1, Christ commends the poor widow; Luk 21:5, He foretells the destruction of the temple, and of the city Jerusalem; Luk 21:25, the...

Poole: Luke 21 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 21

MHCC: Luke (Book Introduction) This evangelist is generally supposed to have been a physician, and a companion of the apostle Paul. The style of his writings, and his acquaintance w...

MHCC: Luke 21 (Chapter Introduction) (Luk 21:1-4) Christ commends a poor widow. (v. 5-28) His prophecy. (Luk 21:29-38) Christ exhorts to watchfulness.

Matthew Henry: Luke (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Gospel According to St. Luke We are now entering into the labours of another evangelist; his name ...

Matthew Henry: Luke 21 (Chapter Introduction) In this chapter we have, I. The notice Christ took, and the approbation he gave, of a poor widow that cast two mites into the treasury (Luk 21:1-4...

Barclay: Luke (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO SAINT LUKE A Lovely Book And Its Author The gospel according to St. Luke has been called the loveliest book ...

Barclay: Luke 21 (Chapter Introduction) The Precious Gift (Luk_21:1-4) Tidings Of Trouble (Luk_21:5-24) Watch! (Luk_21:25-37)

Constable: Luke (Book Introduction) Introduction Writer Several factors indicate that the writer of this Gospel was the sa...

Constable: Luke (Outline) Outline I. Introduction 1:1-4 II. The birth and childhood of Jesus 1:5-2:52 ...

Constable: Luke Luke Bibliography Alford, Henry. The Greek Testament. New ed. 4 vols. London: Rivingtons, 1880. ...

Haydock: Luke (Book Introduction) THE HOLY GOSPEL OF JESUS CHRIST, ACCORDING TO ST. LUKE. INTRODUCTION St. Luke was a physician, a native of Antioch, the metropolis of Syria, a...

Gill: Luke (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO LUKE The writer of this Gospel, Luke, has been, by some, thought, as Origen a relates, to be the same with Lucius, mentioned in Ro...

College: Luke (Book Introduction) FOREWORD "Many have undertaken" to write commentaries on the Gospel of Luke, and a large number of these are very good. "It seemed good also to me" t...

College: Luke (Outline) OUTLINE There is general agreement among serious students of Luke's Gospel regarding its structure. I. Prologue Luke 1:1-4 II. Infancy Narrative...

Lapide: Luke (Book Introduction) S. LUKE'S GOSPEL Third Edition JOHN HODGES, AGAR STREET, CHARING CROSS, LONDON. 1892. INTRODUCTION. ——o—— THE Holy Gospel of Jesus Ch...

Advanced Commentary (Dictionaries, Hymns, Arts, Sermon Illustration, Question and Answers, etc)


created in 0.10 seconds
powered by
bible.org - YLSA