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Text -- Acts 11:19 (NET)

Strongs On/Off
Context
Activity in the Church at Antioch
11:19 Now those who had been scattered because of the persecution that took place over Stephen went as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus, and Antioch, speaking the message to no one but Jews.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Antioch a city in Syria located 15 miles inland from the Mediterranean Sea on the Orontes River,a principal city of the province of Pisidia in Asia Minor, west of Iconium.
 · Cyprus an island country located off the east coast of Cilicia in the Mediterranean,the island of Cyprus
 · Jews the people descended from Israel
 · Phoenicia the region ofeast Mediterranean coastal land from Arvad (modern Lebanon) south to Gaza,the coast land from Mt. Carmel north to the Orontes River
 · Stephen the man who became the first Christian martyr


Dictionary Themes and Topics: TRIBULATION | SYRIA | Phenicia | Persecution | PHILIP, THE EVANGELIST | PAUL, THE APOSTLE, 5 | PALM TREE | Mnason | MINISTRY | LUKE, THE EVANGELIST | LUCIUS | Jerusalem | GALATIANS, EPISTLE TO THE | Cyprus | CYRENE | BARNABAS | Antioch | APOSTOLIC AGE | ACTS OF THE APOSTLES, 8-12 | ACTS OF THE APOSTLES, 13-OUTLINE | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Robertson , Vincent , Wesley , JFB , Clarke , Calvin , Defender , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes , Geneva Bible

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , Combined Bible , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Barclay , Constable , College , McGarvey

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Robertson: Act 11:19 - -- They therefore that were scattered abroad ( hoi men oun diasparentes ). Precisely the same words used in Act 8:4 about those scattered by Saul (which...

They therefore that were scattered abroad ( hoi men oun diasparentes ).

Precisely the same words used in Act 8:4 about those scattered by Saul (which see) and a direct reference to it is made by the next words, "upon the tribulation that arose about Stephen"(apo tēs thlipseōs tēs genomenēs epi Stephanōi ). As a result of (apo ), in the case of (epi ) Stephen. From that event Luke followed Saul through his conversion and back to Jerusalem and to Tarsus. Then he showed the activity of Peter outside of Jerusalem as a result of the cessation of the persecution from the conversion of Saul with the Gentile Pentecost in Caesarea and the outcome in Jerusalem. Now Luke starts over again from the same persecution by Saul and runs a new line of events up to Antioch parallel to the other, probably partly following.

Robertson: Act 11:19 - -- Except to Jews only ( ei mē monon Ioudaiois ). Clearly these disciples did not know anything about the events in Caesarea and at first their flight...

Except to Jews only ( ei mē monon Ioudaiois ).

Clearly these disciples did not know anything about the events in Caesarea and at first their flight preceded that time. But it was a wonderful episode, the eager and loyal preaching of the fleeing disciples. The culmination in Antioch was probably after the report of Peter about Caesarea. This Antioch by the Orontes was founded 300 b.c. by Seleucus Nicator and was one of five cities so named by the Seleucides. It became the metropolis of Syria though the Arabs held Damascus first. Antioch ranked next to Rome and Alexandria in size, wealth, power, and vice. There were many Jews in the cosmopolitan population of half a million. It was destined to supplant Jerusalem as the centre of Christian activity.

Vincent: Act 11:19 - -- They which were scattered abroad ( οἱ διασπαρέντες ) On the technical expression, the dispersion, see on 1Pe 1:1. Not so used...

They which were scattered abroad ( οἱ διασπαρέντες )

On the technical expression, the dispersion, see on 1Pe 1:1. Not so used here.

Wesley: Act 11:19 - -- St. Luke here resumes the thread of his narration, in the very words wherewith he broke it off, Act 8:6. As far as Phenicia to the north, Cyprus to th...

St. Luke here resumes the thread of his narration, in the very words wherewith he broke it off, Act 8:6. As far as Phenicia to the north, Cyprus to the west, and Antioch to the east.

JFB: Act 11:19 - -- And who "went everywhere preaching the word" (Act 8:4).

And who "went everywhere preaching the word" (Act 8:4).

JFB: Act 11:19 - -- That part of the Mediterranean coast which, commencing a little north of Cæsarea, stretches northwards for upwards of one hundred miles, halfway to A...

That part of the Mediterranean coast which, commencing a little north of Cæsarea, stretches northwards for upwards of one hundred miles, halfway to Antioch.

JFB: Act 11:19 - -- (See on Act 4:36). An active commercial intercourse subsisted between Phenice and Cyprus.

(See on Act 4:36). An active commercial intercourse subsisted between Phenice and Cyprus.

JFB: Act 11:19 - -- Near the head of the northeast coast of the Mediterranean, on the river Orontes, and containing a large colony of Jews, to whose religion there were t...

Near the head of the northeast coast of the Mediterranean, on the river Orontes, and containing a large colony of Jews, to whose religion there were there numerous proselytes. "It was almost an Oriental Rome, in which all the forms of the civilized life of the empire found some representative; and through the two first centuries of the Christian era it was what Constantinople became afterwards, 'the Gate of the East'" [HOWSON].

Clarke: Act 11:19 - -- The persecution that arose about Stephen - That is, those who were obliged to flee from Jerusalem at the time of that persecution in which Stephen l...

The persecution that arose about Stephen - That is, those who were obliged to flee from Jerusalem at the time of that persecution in which Stephen lost his life. See Act 8:1

Clarke: Act 11:19 - -- Phoenice - Phoenicia, a country between Galilee and Syria, along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, including Tyre, Sidon, etc. It is often mention...

Phoenice - Phoenicia, a country between Galilee and Syria, along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, including Tyre, Sidon, etc. It is often mentioned as a part of Syria. See Act 21:2, Act 21:3

Clarke: Act 11:19 - -- Cyprus - An island of the Mediterranean Sea, over against Syria. See on Act 4:30 (note)

Cyprus - An island of the Mediterranean Sea, over against Syria. See on Act 4:30 (note)

Clarke: Act 11:19 - -- Antioch - A city of Syria, built by Antiochus Seleucus, near the river Orontes; at that time one of the most celebrated cities of the east. For the ...

Antioch - A city of Syria, built by Antiochus Seleucus, near the river Orontes; at that time one of the most celebrated cities of the east. For the situation of all these, see the map accompanying this book

Clarke: Act 11:19 - -- Unto the Jews only - For they knew nothing of the vision of St. Peter; and did not believe that God would open the door of faith to the Gentiles. Th...

Unto the Jews only - For they knew nothing of the vision of St. Peter; and did not believe that God would open the door of faith to the Gentiles. The next verse informs us that there were others who were better instructed. See below.

Calvin: Act 11:19 - -- 19.Those which were scattered abroad Luke returneth now unto the former history, (and unto that which followed in the same.) For he had said before t...

19.Those which were scattered abroad Luke returneth now unto the former history, (and unto that which followed in the same.) For he had said before that after that Stephen was slain the cruelty of the wicked increased; and many fled hither and thither for fear, so that the apostles were almost left alone at Jerusalem. Whereas the Church was thus torn in pieces, and fear did cause those which were fled to keep silence or else contempt of strangers, 734 he declareth that that event did follow which no man would have hoped for; for as the seed is sown that it may bring forth fruit, so it came to pass through their flight and scattering abroad, that the gospel was spread abroad in nations which were far off, which was included before within the walls of one city, as in a barn. 735 In like sort it came to pass, that the name of Christ, passing over mountains and seas, did flow even unto the farthest parts of the world; and by this means, according to the prophecy of Isaiah, the consumption did abound 736 in righteousness. If so many godly men had not been expelled out of Jerusalem, Cyprus had heard nothing, Phenice had heard nothing of Christ; yea, Italy and Spain, which were farther off, had heard nothing. But the Lord brought to pass, that of many torn members did arise more bodies. For how came it to pass that there were Churches gathered at Rome and at Puteoli, save only because a few exiled men, and such as fled away, 737 had brought the gospel thither with them? And as God did at that time make the endeavors of Satan frustrate after a wonderful sort, so we need not doubt but that even at this day he will make to himself triumphs of the cross and persecution, that the Church may better grow together, though it be scattered abroad. Phenice joineth to Syria, and is nigh to Galilee. Antioch is a most famous city of Syria, at which part it is joined to Cilicia.

Speaking to none Peradventure they were letted not only with fear of persecution, that they durst not speak to the Gentiles, but also with that foolish religion, in that they thought that the children’s bread was thrown to the dogs, (Mar 16:15;) whereas, notwithstanding, Christ had commanded that the gospel should be preached to all the world after his resurrection.

Defender: Act 11:19 - -- Antioch was the capital of Syria, and in the Roman empire only Rome and Alexandria were larger. It was a very busy and beautiful city, located on the ...

Antioch was the capital of Syria, and in the Roman empire only Rome and Alexandria were larger. It was a very busy and beautiful city, located on the river Orontes. It was also cosmopolitan and very immoral. With a large colony of Jews, it was natural that many of the scattering Hellenistic Jews would come there, arriving by water first from the Phoenician coastlands as they traveled north, with some turning aside to sail to the isle of Cyprus. The preaching of these Hellenistic Jews from Jerusalem soon resulted in the conversion of many Jews in the synagogues at Antioch and the establishment of a church at Antioch."

TSK: Act 11:19 - -- they : Act 8:1-4 Phenice : Act 15:3, Act 21:2 Cyprus : Act 4:36, Act 13:4, Act 15:39, Act 21:16 Antioch : Act 11:26, Act 15:22, Act 15:35 to none : Ac...

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Act 11:19 - -- Now they ... - This verse introduces a new train of historical remark; and from this point the course of the history of the Acts of the Apostle...

Now they ... - This verse introduces a new train of historical remark; and from this point the course of the history of the Acts of the Apostles takes a new direction. Thus far, the history had recorded chiefly the preaching of the gospel to the Jews. From this point the history records the efforts made to convert the Gentiles. It begins with the labors put forth in the important city of Antioch (Act 11:19-20); and as, during the work of grace that occurred in that city, the labors of the apostle Paul were especially sought (Act 11:25-26), the sacred writer thenceforth confines the history mainly to his travels and labors.

Which were scattered abroad - See Act 8:1.

As far as Phenice - Phoenice, or Phoenicia, was a province of Syria, which in its largest sense comprehended a narrow strip of country lying on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean, and extending from Antioch to the borders of Egypt. But Phenice Proper extended only from the cities of Laodicea to Tyre, and included only the territories of Tyre and Sidon. This country was called sometimes simply "Canaan."See the notes on Mat 15:22.

And Cyprus - An island off the coast of Asia Minor, in the Mediterranean Sea. See the notes on Act 4:36.

And Antioch - There were two cities of this name, one situated in Pisidia in Asia Minor (see Act 13:14); the other, referred to here, was situated on the Orontes River, and was long, the capital of Syria. It was built by Seleucus Nicanor, and was called Antioch in honor of his father Antiochus. It was founded in 301 b.c. It is not mentioned in the Old Testament, but is several times mentioned in the Apocrypha and in the New Testament. It was long the most powerful city of the East, and was inferior only to Seleucia and Alexandria. It was famous for the fact that the right of citizenship was conferred by Seleucus on the Jews as well as the Greeks and Macedonians, so that here they had the privilege of worship in their own way without molestation. It is probable that the Christians would be regarded merely as a sect of Jews, and would be here suffered to celebrate their worship without interruption.

On this account it may have been that the early Christians regarded this city as of such particular importance, because here they could find a refuge from persecution, and be permitted to worship God without molestation. This city was honored as a Roman colony, a metropolis, and an asylum. It was large; was almost square; had many gaines; was adorned with fine fountains; and was a city of great opulence. It was, however, subject to earthquakes, and was several times nearly destroyed. In the year 588 it experienced an earthquake in which 60,000 persons were destroyed. It was conquered by the Saracens in 638 a.d., and, after some changes and revolutions, was taken during the Crusades, after a long and bloody siege, by Godfrey of Bouillon, June 3, 1098 ad. In 1268 it was taken by the Sultan of Egypt, who demolished it, and placed it under the dominion of the Turk. Antioch is now called Antakia, and contains about 10,000 inhabitants (Robinson’ s Calmet). "There was everything in the situation and circumstances of the city,"say Conybeare and Howson ("Life and Epistles of Paul,"vol. 1, p. 121), "to make it a place of concourse for all classes and kinds of people. By its harbor of Seleucia it was in communication with all the trade of the Mediterranean; and, through the open country behind the Lebanon, it was conveniently approached by the caravans from Mesopotamia and Arabia. It united the inland advantages of Aleppo with the maritime opportunities of Smyrna. It was almost an Oriental Rome, in which all the forms of the civilized life of the empire found some representative. Through the first two centuries of the Christian era it was what Constantinople became afterward, ‘ the Gate of the East.’ "If any city in the first century was worthy to be called the Pagan Queen and Metropolis of the East, that city was Antioch. She was represented, in a famous allegorical statue, as a female figure, seated on a rock and crowned, with the river Orontes at her feet"(Conybeare and Howson, vol. 1, p. 125).

Preaching the word - The Word of God, the Gospel.

To none but unto the Jews only - They had the common prejudices of the Jews, that the offers of salvation were to be made only to Jews.

Poole: Act 11:19 - -- So true hath it been from the beginning of the gospel, that sanguis martyrum est semen eccesiae. St. Stephen’ s death, and the persecution up...

So true hath it been from the beginning of the gospel, that sanguis martyrum est semen eccesiae. St. Stephen’ s death, and the persecution upon it, was a great means of disseminating the gospel. Thus all things work for good.

Phenice the country about Tyre.

Cyprus an island in the Mediterranean Sea.

Antioch the metropolis of Syria. This explains what was briefly said, Act 8:4 , and showed what places the disciples were scattered into, and preached in.

They preached to

the Jews only because they were not yet persuaded of the calling of the Gentiles; God suffering them to be enlightened by degrees.

Gill: Act 11:19 - -- Now they which were scattered abroad,.... These were not the apostles, but the other ministers of the word; see Act 8:1 who were dispersed upon the...

Now they which were scattered abroad,.... These were not the apostles, but the other ministers of the word; see Act 8:1 who were dispersed

upon the persecution that arose about Stephen; his preaching and miracles, his oration in defence of himself, and his death: these

travelled as far as Phenice; a country near to Syria and Galilee; its chief towns and cities were Tripolis, Botrys, Biblus, Berytus, Tyre, Sidon, Ecdippa, Ptolemais, and Dora. It was famous, as Pliny says x, for the invention of letters, and of the constellations, and of naval and warlike arts. It was a maritime country, reaching from Orthosia (now called Tortosa) to Pelusium, or from Sidon to the borders of Egypt: it is the same with Old Canaan, and was so called, and had its name from Canaan; who, according to Sanchuniathon y, also had the name of Phoenix, from whom this country was called Phoenice, or Phoenicia. Some think the name is the same with פענק, "Pahanah", or פאות ענק, "Peoth Anak", the corners of the Anakites; it being the tract of land which the children of Anak, or the giants inhabited, when drove out of Hebron by Caleb, Jos 15:13. Others say, it had its name from the palm trees, with which it abounded; and here, it seems, dwelt some of God's elect, who being made righteous, flourished like the palm trees;

and Cyprus and Antioch; the former of these was an island, lying between the shores of Syria and Cilicia: it had Syria on the east, Pamphilia on the west, and Phoenice on the south, and Cilicia on the north; See Gill on Act 4:36 and the latter was a city of Syria, built by Seleucus, king of Egypt, and called Antiochia, after his father's name Antiochus. The account Josephus gives z of it is, that it is the metropolis of Syria, and that for its greatness, and other happy acquirements, it has, without doubt, the third place among the cities in the Roman empire; meaning, that it was the next to Rome and Alexandria: and elsewhere a he calls it the palace or royal seat of the Syrians; and the Jews, when they speak of a great city, and would describe one, instance in Antioch, a great city, say they b, as Antioch; with them, it is the same as Hemath the great, spoken of in Amo 6:2 on which words Jerom has this note:

"Hemath the great is what is now called Antioch; and it is called the great, to distinguish it from the lesser Hemath, which is called Epiphania''

And so the Jerusalem Targum on Gen 10:18 renders the Hamathite, "Antioch": and the Targum of Jonathan on Num 13:21 renders Hamath by "Antioch". Here many Jews dwelt, to whom the ministers of the word preached the Gospel only at first. Josephus c speaks of many in this place, and gives reasons for it:

"the nation of the Jews, he says, was much spread throughout the whole world, and great part of Syria, because near, was mixed with them, especially there were many in Antioch; partly because of the greatness of the city, and chiefly because of the liberty of dwelling there, granted them by the successors of Antiochus; for Antiochus, called Epiphanes, having wasted Jerusalem, robbed the temple; but those that reigned after him, whatsoever among the things devoted to sacred use were of brass, they returned to the Jews in Antioch, to be laid up in their synagogue; and they granted to them equally to partake of the city with the Greeks; and many of the Grecians they brought over to their religion, and made them, in some sort, a part of themselves.''

Here the Jews also had schools and taught: it is said d R. Samlai taught in Antioch; and here also was a sanhedrim. It is often said e, that Nebuchadnezzar came and sat down at Daphne of Antioch, and the great sanhedrim went out to meet him. Now Antioch was formerly called Epidaphne, because it was near a fountain of that name; and in the Targumists on Num 34:11 Daphne answers to Riblah, which was in the land of Hamath, 2Ki 23:33 and Riblah, Jerom f says, is what is now called Antioch of Syria: and that you may know, says he, that Riblah signifies this city, which is now the most noble in Coele Syria, it follows, over against the fountain, (in Numbers it is, "on the east side of Ain",) which, it is clear, signifies Daphne, out of which fountain the above said city enjoys abundance of water. And so Josephus calls Antioch g, Antiochia which is by Daphne of Syria; and in:

"Which when Onias knew of a surety, he reproved him, and withdrew himself into a sanctuary at Daphne, that lieth by Antiochia.'' (2 Maccabees 4:33)

Daphne is said to be by Antioch. Some make it to be two hundred and eighty miles from Jerusalem. So far they went who were scattered abroad at Stephen's death, and carried the Gospel to this and other places, in which there was a manifest appearance of divine Providence, and of rich grace.

Preaching the word to none but to the Jews only, which dwelt in those parts; so little was the commission of Christ, to preach the Gospel to all nations, understood, though it was so plain; or so it was ordered in providence, that as it was to be first preached to them, so it should be only for a while, till the elect of God of that generation were brought in, and until the rest put it away from them, and so were left without excuse.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Act 11:19 Grk “word.”

Geneva Bible: Act 11:19 ( 3 ) Now they which were scattered abroad upon the persecution that arose about Stephen travelled as far as Phenice, and Cyprus, and ( a ) Antioch, p...

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Act 11:1-30 - --1 Peter, being accused for going in to the Gentiles,5 makes his defence;18 which is accepted.19 The gospel being spread in Phenice, and Cyprus, and An...

Combined Bible: Act 11:19 - --The scene of the narrative is now about to change to another Roman province, and to the city of Antioch. Preparatory to this transition, the historian...

MHCC: Act 11:19-24 - --The first preachers of the gospel at Antioch, were dispersed from Jerusalem by persecution; thus what was meant to hurt the church, was made to work f...

Matthew Henry: Act 11:19-26 - -- We have here an account of the planting and watering of a church at Antioch, the chief city of Syria, reckoned afterwards the third most considerabl...

Barclay: Act 11:19-21 - --In restrained sentences these few words tell of one of the greatest events in history. Now, for the first time, the gospel is deliberately preached...

Constable: Act 9:32--Rom 1:1 - --III. THE WITNESS TO THE UTTERMOST PART OF THE EARTH 9:32--28:31 Luke next recorded the church's expansion beyond...

Constable: Act 9:32--12:25 - --A. The extension of the church to Syrian Antioch 9:32-12:24 As Jerusalem had been the Palestinian center...

Constable: Act 10:1--11:19 - --2. The conversion of Cornelius 10:1-11:18 The episode concerning Cornelius is obviously very imp...

Constable: Act 11:19-30 - --3. The initiatives of the Antioch church 11:19-30 The scene now shifts to Antioch of Syria. It w...

Constable: Act 11:19-26 - --The spiritual initiative of the Antioch church 11:19-26 11:19 Luke's reference back to the persecution resulting from Stephen's martyrdom (7:60) is si...

College: Act 11:1-30 - --ACTS 11 2. The Endorsement of Peter's Ministry by the Jerusalem Leadership (11:1-18) The Questioning of the Jerusalem Leaders (11:1-3) 1 The apos...

McGarvey: Act 11:19 - --19. The scene of the narrative is now about to change to another Roman province, and to the city of Antioch. Preparatory to this transition, the histo...

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Introduction / Outline

Robertson: Acts (Book Introduction) THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES By Way of Introduction But for the Acts we should know nothing of the early apostolic period save what is told in the Epi...

JFB: Acts (Book Introduction) THIS book is to the Gospels what the fruit is to the tree that bears it. In the Gospels we see the corn of wheat falling into the ground and dying: in...

JFB: Acts (Outline) INTRODUCTION--LAST DAYS OF OUR LORD UPON EARTH--HIS ASCENSION. (Act 1:1-11) RETURN OF THE ELEVEN TO JERUSALEM--PROCEEDINGS IN THE UPPER ROOM TILL PEN...

TSK: Acts (Book Introduction) The Acts of the Apostles is a most valuable portion of Divine revelation; and, independently of its universal reception in the Christian church, as an...

TSK: Acts 11 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Act 11:1, Peter, being accused for going in to the Gentiles, Act 11:5, makes his defence; Act 11:18, which is accepted; Act 11:19, The go...

Poole: Acts 11 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 11

MHCC: Acts (Book Introduction) This book unites the Gospels to the Epistles. It contains many particulars concerning the apostles Peter and Paul, and of the Christian church from th...

MHCC: Acts 11 (Chapter Introduction) (v. 1-18) Peter's defence. (Act 11:19-24) The success of the gospel at Antioch. (Act 11:25-30) The disciples named Christians, Relief sent to Judea.

Matthew Henry: Acts (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Acts of the Apostles We have with an abundant satisfaction seen the foundation of our holy religion...

Matthew Henry: Acts 11 (Chapter Introduction) In this chapter we have, I. Peter's necessary vindication of what he did in receiving Cornelius and his friends into the church, from the censure ...

Barclay: Acts (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES A Precious Book In one sense Acts is the most important book in the New Testament. It is the simple truth t...

Barclay: Acts 11 (Chapter Introduction) Peter On His Defence (Act_11:1-10) A Convincing Story (Act_11:11-18) Great Things In Antioch (Act_11:19-21) The Wisdom Of Barnabas (Act_11:22-26)...

Constable: Acts (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The title "Acts of the Apostles" is very ancient. The Anti-Marcioni...

Constable: Acts (Outline) Outline I. The witness in Jerusalem 1:1-6:7 A. The founding of the church 1:1-2:46 ...

Constable: Acts Acts Bibliography Albright, William Foxwell. The Archaeology of Palestine. 1949. Revised ed. Pelican Archaeolog...

Haydock: Acts (Book Introduction) THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES. INTRODUCTION. St. Luke, who had published his gospel, wrote also a second volume, which, from the first ages, hath bee...

Gill: Acts (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO ACTS This book, in some copies, is called, "The Acts of the holy Apostles". It contains an history of the ministry and miracles of ...

College: Acts (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION As early as the second century the title "The Acts of the Apostles" was given to this document. Before that time the work probably circu...

College: Acts (Outline) OUTLINE I. THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM - 1:1-8:1a A. INTRODUCTION OF THE BOOK - 1:1-3 B. THE COMMISSIONING OF THE APOSTLES - 1:4-8 C. THE ASCENSI...

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