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Text -- Acts 27:20 (NET)

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Context
27:20 When neither sun nor stars appeared for many days and a violent storm continued to batter us, we finally abandoned all hope of being saved.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Dictionary Themes and Topics: Ships | SHIPS AND BOATS | SHIP | Prophecy | Prisoners | Paul | PAUL, THE APOSTLE, 5 | Meteorology and Celestial Phenomena | Mariner | Luke | LYCIA | FALL | Despondency | Crete | ACTS OF THE APOSTLES, 8-12 | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Robertson , Wesley , JFB , Clarke , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , Combined Bible , Maclaren , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Barclay , Constable , College , McGarvey

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Robertson: Act 27:20 - -- When neither sun nor stars shone upon us ( mēte hēliou mēte astrōn epiphainontōn ). Genitive absolute again.

When neither sun nor stars shone upon us ( mēte hēliou mēte astrōn epiphainontōn ).

Genitive absolute again.

Robertson: Act 27:20 - -- For many days ( epi pleionas hēmeras ). For more days than a few.

For many days ( epi pleionas hēmeras ).

For more days than a few.

Robertson: Act 27:20 - -- No small tempest ( cheimonos ouk oligou ). Litotes again.

No small tempest ( cheimonos ouk oligou ).

Litotes again.

Robertson: Act 27:20 - -- All hope that we should be saved was now taken away ( loipon periēireito elpis pāsa tou sōzesthai hēmas ). "For the rest (or future) there be...

All hope that we should be saved was now taken away ( loipon periēireito elpis pāsa tou sōzesthai hēmas ).

"For the rest (or future) there began to be taken from around us (periēireito inchoative imperfect and see use of the verb in 2Co 3:16 of the veil) all hope of the being saved so far as we were concerned."Despair was beginning to settle like a fog on all their hopes. Had Paul lost hope?

Wesley: Act 27:20 - -- Which they could the less spare, before the compass was found out.

Which they could the less spare, before the compass was found out.

JFB: Act 27:19-20 - -- Passengers and crew together.

Passengers and crew together.

JFB: Act 27:19-20 - -- Whatever they could do without that carried weight. This further effort to lighten the ship seems to show that it was now in a leaking condition, as w...

Whatever they could do without that carried weight. This further effort to lighten the ship seems to show that it was now in a leaking condition, as will presently appear more evident.

JFB: Act 27:20 - -- "several"

"several"

JFB: Act 27:20 - -- Probably most of the fourteen days mentioned in Act 27:27. This continued thickness of the atmosphere prevented their making the necessary observation...

Probably most of the fourteen days mentioned in Act 27:27. This continued thickness of the atmosphere prevented their making the necessary observations of the heavenly bodies by day or by night; so that they could not tell where they were.

JFB: Act 27:20 - -- "Their exertions to subdue the leak had been unavailing; they could not tell which way to make for the nearest land, in order to run their ship ashore...

"Their exertions to subdue the leak had been unavailing; they could not tell which way to make for the nearest land, in order to run their ship ashore, the only resource for a sinking ship: but unless they did make the land, they must founder at sea. Their apprehensions, therefore, were not so much caused by the fury of the tempest, as by the state of the ship" [SMITH]. From the inferiority of ancient to modern naval architecture, leaks were sprung much more easily, and the means of repairing them were fewer than now. Hence the far greater number of shipwrecks from this cause.

Clarke: Act 27:20 - -- Neither sun nor stars in many days appeared - And consequently they could make no observation; and, having no magnetical needle, could not tell in w...

Neither sun nor stars in many days appeared - And consequently they could make no observation; and, having no magnetical needle, could not tell in what direction they were going.

TSK: Act 27:20 - -- neither : Exo 10:21-23; Psa 105:28; Mat 24:29 and no : Psa 107:25-27; Jon 1:4, Jon 1:11-14; Mat 8:24, Mat 8:25; 2Co 11:25 all : Isa 57:10; Jer 2:25; E...

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Act 27:20 - -- Neither sun nor stars ... - As they could see neither san nor stars, they could make no observations; and as they had no compass, they would be...

Neither sun nor stars ... - As they could see neither san nor stars, they could make no observations; and as they had no compass, they would be totally ignorant of their situation, and they gave up all as lost.

Poole: Act 27:20 - -- Neither sun nor stars in many days appeared which shows the greatness of their misery, which had not the ordinary refreshments from the sight of the ...

Neither sun nor stars in many days appeared which shows the greatness of their misery, which had not the ordinary refreshments from the sight of the sun to relieve it. For what the sun does cheer, is one reason why our Saviour is called the Sun of righteousness, Mal 4:2 .

All hope that we should be saved was then taken away there remained no hope in the eye of reason, or reckoning upon second causes, or natural events.

Gill: Act 27:20 - -- And when neither sun nor stars in many days appeared,.... The Syriac version adds, "nor moon"; which is an usual description of dark, cloudy, and temp...

And when neither sun nor stars in many days appeared,.... The Syriac version adds, "nor moon"; which is an usual description of dark, cloudy, and tempestuous seasons; and which was not only uncomfortable to them, because they could not see these luminaries, and enjoy their beneficial light and influence; but because they had them not to guide and direct them; for the sun, moon, and stars, are useful to sailors, to steer their course by; especially they were to the ancients, before the invention and use of the loadstone; besides, by these they conjectured what weather it would be, as mariners still do; they observed the rising and setting of the sun, whether it shone with equal rays or not, and whether it was red and fiery, or pale; and the like observations they made upon the moon, both as to its colour and size; and especially the constellations and stars were of singular use unto them; and above all, the two Bears, the greater and the lesser; the Greeks observed the former, and the Phoenicians the latter; and who are said by Pliny to have first found out the use of the constellations in navigation; particularly this is ascribed to the famous philosopher Thales, who is said to be a Phoenician; and from other constellations, as Arcturus, Orion, Hyades, &c. they foresaw rains, storms, and tempests: and now what made the case of the apostle and the ship's company the more distressing was, that it was not only dark and cloudy, but very tempestuous, as follows;

and no small tempest lay on us; and all this continued many days: so Virgil f represents Aeneas and his company in a like condition at sea, as not able by the heavens to distinguish day from night, nor to direct their course, neither sun nor stars appearing, and so wandered about in the sea three days without the sun, and as many nights without a star; and Homer g describes Ulysses in a violent storm at sea, and for the space of nine days tossed about, when on the tenth day he got to land; and Sosia, in Terence h, is brought in saying, that he had been thirty days in a ship, expecting death every moment, so boisterous was the storm he was in; and so it was in this case, the winds blew hard upon them, and the rains fell with great violence, and everything was discouraging and distressing; insomuch that

all hope that we should be saved was then taken away; neither the master and owner of the ship, nor the mariners, nor the soldiers, nor prisoners, nor the apostle's companions, had any hope of being saved, but all expected to be lost. The apostle himself knew indeed, that though the ship would be lost, every man's life would be saved; and yet he could have no hope of this, as to the outward appearance of things, but on account of the revelation which the Lord had made to him, and he believed; otherwise, as to all human helps and means, there was no probability of an escape.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Act 27:20 Grk “finally all hope that we would be saved was abandoned.” The passive construction has been converted to an active one to simplify the ...

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Act 27:1-44 - --1 Paul shipping towards Rome,10 foretells of the danger of the voyage,11 but is not believed.14 They are tossed to and fro with tempest;41 and suffer ...

Combined Bible: Act 27:20 - --notes on verse 18     

Maclaren: Act 27:13-26 - --Tempest And Trust And when the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, loosing thence, they sailed close by Crete. 14...

MHCC: Act 27:12-20 - --Those who launch forth on the ocean of this world, with a fair gale, know not what storms they may meet with; and therefore must not easily take it fo...

Matthew Henry: Act 27:12-20 - -- In these verses we have, I. The ship putting to sea again, and pursuing her voyage at first with a promising gale. Observe, 1. What induced them to ...

Barclay: Act 27:9-20 - --It is quite certain that Paul was the most experienced traveller on board that ship. The Fast referred to is the Jewish Day of Atonement and on that ...

Constable: Act 9:32--Rom 1:1 - --III. THE WITNESS TO THE UTTERMOST PART OF THE EARTH 9:32--28:31 Luke next recorded the church's expansion beyond...

Constable: Act 19:21--Rom 1:1 - --D. The extension of the church to Rome 19:21-28:31 "The panel is introduced by the programmatic statemen...

Constable: Act 27:1--28:16 - --4. Ministry on the way to Rome 27:1-28:15 For a number of reasons Luke seems to have described t...

Constable: Act 27:9-26 - --The storm at sea 27:9-26 27:9-10 Evidently the captain waited for some time for the weather to improve in Fair Havens. The "Fast" refers to the day of...

College: Act 27:1-44 - --ACTS 27 G. PAUL'S VOYAGE TO ROME (27:1-28:31) 1. The Journey from Caesarea to Sidon (27:1-3) 1 When it was decided that we would sail for Italy, Pa...

McGarvey: Act 27:18-20 - --18-20. (18) " And being exceedingly tempest-tossed, the next day we lightened the vessel, (19) and on the third day, with our own hands we cast out th...

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Introduction / Outline

Robertson: Acts (Book Introduction) THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES By Way of Introduction But for the Acts we should know nothing of the early apostolic period save what is told in the Epi...

JFB: Acts (Book Introduction) THIS book is to the Gospels what the fruit is to the tree that bears it. In the Gospels we see the corn of wheat falling into the ground and dying: in...

JFB: Acts (Outline) INTRODUCTION--LAST DAYS OF OUR LORD UPON EARTH--HIS ASCENSION. (Act 1:1-11) RETURN OF THE ELEVEN TO JERUSALEM--PROCEEDINGS IN THE UPPER ROOM TILL PEN...

TSK: Acts (Book Introduction) The Acts of the Apostles is a most valuable portion of Divine revelation; and, independently of its universal reception in the Christian church, as an...

TSK: Acts 27 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Act 27:1, Paul shipping towards Rome, Act 27:10. foretells of the danger of the voyage, Act 27:11. but is not believed; Act 27:14, They a...

Poole: Acts 27 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 27

MHCC: Acts (Book Introduction) This book unites the Gospels to the Epistles. It contains many particulars concerning the apostles Peter and Paul, and of the Christian church from th...

MHCC: Acts 27 (Chapter Introduction) (Act 27:1-11) Paul's voyage towards Rome. (Act 27:12-20) Paul and his companions endangered by a tempest. (Act 27:21-29) He receives a Divine assura...

Matthew Henry: Acts (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Acts of the Apostles We have with an abundant satisfaction seen the foundation of our holy religion...

Matthew Henry: Acts 27 (Chapter Introduction) This whole chapter is taken up with an account of Paul's voyage towards Rome, when he was sent thither a prisoner by Festus the governor, upon his ...

Barclay: Acts (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES A Precious Book In one sense Acts is the most important book in the New Testament. It is the simple truth t...

Barclay: Acts 27 (Chapter Introduction) The Last Journey Begins (Act_27:1-8) In Peril On The Sea (Act_27:9-20) Be Of Good Cheer (Act_27:21-26) Hoping For The Day (Act_27:27-38) Escape F...

Constable: Acts (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The title "Acts of the Apostles" is very ancient. The Anti-Marcioni...

Constable: Acts (Outline) Outline I. The witness in Jerusalem 1:1-6:7 A. The founding of the church 1:1-2:46 ...

Constable: Acts Acts Bibliography Albright, William Foxwell. The Archaeology of Palestine. 1949. Revised ed. Pelican Archaeolog...

Haydock: Acts (Book Introduction) THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES. INTRODUCTION. St. Luke, who had published his gospel, wrote also a second volume, which, from the first ages, hath bee...

Gill: Acts (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO ACTS This book, in some copies, is called, "The Acts of the holy Apostles". It contains an history of the ministry and miracles of ...

College: Acts (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION As early as the second century the title "The Acts of the Apostles" was given to this document. Before that time the work probably circu...

College: Acts (Outline) OUTLINE I. THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM - 1:1-8:1a A. INTRODUCTION OF THE BOOK - 1:1-3 B. THE COMMISSIONING OF THE APOSTLES - 1:4-8 C. THE ASCENSI...

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