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Text -- Deuteronomy 20:2 (NET)

Strongs On/Off
Context
20:2 As you move forward for battle, the priest will approach and say to the soldiers,
Parallel   Cross Reference (TSK)   ITL  

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Dictionary Themes and Topics: WAR; WARFARE | Priest | Moses | DEUTERONOMY | Armies | ARMY | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Wesley , JFB , Clarke , Calvin , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable , Guzik

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Wesley: Deu 20:2 - -- Probably to one regiment of the army after another.

Probably to one regiment of the army after another.

JFB: Deu 20:2-4 - -- Jewish writers say that there was a war priest appointed by a special ceremonial to attend the army. It was natural that the solemn objects and motive...

Jewish writers say that there was a war priest appointed by a special ceremonial to attend the army. It was natural that the solemn objects and motives of religion should have been applied to animate patriotism, and so give additional impulse to valor; other people have done this. But in the case of Israel, the regular attendance of a priest on the battlefield was in accordance with their theocratic government, in which everything was done directly by God through His delegated ministers. It was the province of this priest to sound the trumpets (Num 10:9; Num 31:6), and he had others under him who repeated at the head of each battalion the exhortations which he addressed to the warriors in general. The speech (Deu 20:3-4) is marked by a brevity and expressiveness admirably suited to the occasion, namely, when the men were drawn up in line.

Clarke: Deu 20:2 - -- The priest shall approach, and speak unto the people - The priest on these occasions was the representative of that God whose servant he was, and wh...

The priest shall approach, and speak unto the people - The priest on these occasions was the representative of that God whose servant he was, and whose worship he conducted. It is remarkable that almost all ancient nations took their priests with them to battle, as they did not expect success without having the object of their adoration with them, and they supposed they secured his presence by having that of his representative.

Calvin: Deu 20:2 - -- 2.And it shall be, when ye are come nigh God commits the duty of exhortation to the priests, when the time of the conflict shall have arrived. But we...

2.And it shall be, when ye are come nigh God commits the duty of exhortation to the priests, when the time of the conflict shall have arrived. But we gather from the expressions used that this passage is supplementary to the First Commandment, for it contains no more than that the priest should encourage the Israelites to confidence, the ground of which is declared to be the help of God in preserving and constantly protecting the Church, which He has once redeemed. Moreover, He forbids their fears not in one word only, but heaps many together, “let not your hearts faint, fear not, and do not tremble, neither be ye terrified.” By this we are reminded how difficult it is to cure that evil — fear, which in so many different ways assails and disturbs our minds, that they should not rest in God. And surely we all experience that we are troubled by such various besetments, that we have need of manifold remedies for the establishment of our faith. We must observe, too, the familiar representation of the presence of God, that He should go together with His people, to save them, viz., if they should be exposed to danger not by their own fault, but by the unjust aggression of their enemies.

TSK: Deu 20:2 - -- Num 10:8, Num 10:9, Num 31:6; Jdg 20:27, Jdg 20:28; 1Sa 14:18, 1Sa 30:7, 1Sa 30:8; 2Ch 13:12

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Deu 20:2 - -- The priest - Not the high priest, but one appointed for the purpose, and called, according to the rabbis, "the anointed of the war": hence, per...

The priest - Not the high priest, but one appointed for the purpose, and called, according to the rabbis, "the anointed of the war": hence, perhaps the expression of Jer 6:4, etc. "prepare ye"(literally consecrate) "war."Thus, Phinehas went with the warriors to fight against Midian (Num 31:6; compare 1Sa 4:4, 1Sa 4:11; 2Ch 13:12).

Poole: Deu 20:2 - -- The priest an eminent priest appointed for this work, and to blow with the holy trumpets, Num 10:9 31:6 . Speak unto the people either successively...

The priest an eminent priest appointed for this work, and to blow with the holy trumpets, Num 10:9 31:6 .

Speak unto the people either successively to one regiment of the army after another, or to some by himself, to others by his brethren or deputies, which accompanied him for that end.

Haydock: Deu 20:2 - -- Priest. Eleazar, the high priest, acted in this capacity in the war against Madian, and sounded the trumpet, as it was not beneath his dignity. Man...

Priest. Eleazar, the high priest, acted in this capacity in the war against Madian, and sounded the trumpet, as it was not beneath his dignity. Many priests always attended the army, (Calmet) the captain of whom (Haydock) first made the declarations (ver. 5, 6, 7,) to the whole army; and these were repeated by the inferior priests at the head of each company, when the army was set in array. So were also the promises of protection, (ver. 3, 4,) when all were ready for battle. The Rabbins assert, that the option was granted only in those wars which were undertaken without the express command of God, and that officers were placed in the rear with hatchets or scythes, to cut the legs of those who attempted to flee. (Grotius; &c.) ---

But this seems to be an invention of their own, and Moses makes no distinction between voluntary wars and those of precept. These regulations were, no doubt, observed, through the sacred historians do not mention the particulars. (Calmet) See 1 Machabees iii. 56.

Gill: Deu 20:2 - -- When all things are preparing for it, and it seems unavoidable: that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people; not any priest, but one a...

When all things are preparing for it, and it seems unavoidable:

that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people; not any priest, but one appointed for this service; who is called

the anointed of war, as Jarchi and Aben Ezra observe, and concerning whom Maimonides d is more particular; he says,"they appoint a priest to speak to the people at the time of war, and they anoint him with the anointing oil, and he is called the anointed of war; twice the anointed of war speaks unto the people, once in a book at the time they go forth, before they set in battle array, he says to the people, "what man is there", &c. and when he has caused his words to be heard, he returns; at another time, when they are set in array, he says, "fear not", &c.''this man seems to be an emblem of Gospel ministers, who are anointed with the gifts and graces of the Spirit of God, and whose business it is to encourage the people of God to fight the Lord's battles against sin, Satan, and the world, and not to be afraid of their spiritual enemies; directing them to take to them the whole armour of God, and to endure hardness as good soldiers of Christ, to follow him the captain of their salvation, assuring them of victory through him who makes them more than conquerors, and that their warfare is or shortly will be accomplished.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Deu 20:2 Heb “and he will say to the people.” Cf. NIV, NCV, CEV “the army”; NRSV, NLT “the troops.”

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Deu 20:1-20 - --1 The priest's exhortation to encourage the people to battle.5 The officers' proclamation of who are to be dismissed from the war.10 How to use the ci...

MHCC: Deu 20:1-9 - --In the wars wherein Israel engaged according to the will of God, they might expect the Divine assistance. The Lord was to be their only confidence. In...

Matthew Henry: Deu 20:1-9 - -- Israel was at this time to be considered rather as a camp than as a kingdom, entering upon an enemy's country, and not yet settled in a country of t...

Keil-Delitzsch: Deu 20:1-9 - -- Instructions Relating to Military Service. - If the Israelites went out to battle against their foes, and saw horses and chariots, a people more num...

Constable: Deu 5:1--26:19 - --IV. MOSES' SECOND MAJOR ADDRESS: AN EXPOSITION OF THE LAW chs. 5--26 ". . . Deuteronomy contains the most compre...

Constable: Deu 12:1--25:19 - --B. An exposition of selected covenant laws 12-25 Moses' homiletical exposition of the law of Israel that...

Constable: Deu 19:1--22:9 - --6. Laws arising from the sixth commandment 19:1-22:8 The sixth commandment is, "You shall not mu...

Constable: Deu 20:1-20 - --War ch. 20 These instructions deal with how Israel was to come into possession of the Pr...

Guzik: Deu 20:1-20 - --Deuteronomy 20 - Instructions Concerning Warfare A. The spiritual and practical preparation of the army. 1. (1) The command to trust in God. When ...

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Introduction / Outline

JFB: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) DEUTERONOMY, the second law, a title which plainly shows what is the object of this book, namely, a recapitulation of the law. It was given in the for...

JFB: Deuteronomy (Outline) MOSES' SPEECH AT THE END OF THE FORTIETH YEAR. (Deu. 1:1-46) THE STORY IS CONTINUED. (Deu. 2:1-37) CONQUEST OF OG, KING OF BASHAN. (Deu. 3:1-20) AN E...

TSK: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) The book of Deuteronomy marks the end of the Pentateuch, commonly called the Law of Moses; a work every way worthy of God its author, and only less th...

TSK: Deuteronomy 20 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Deu 20:1, The priest’s exhortation to encourage the people to battle; Deu 20:5, The officers’ proclamation of who are to be dismissed...

Poole: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) FIFTH BOOK of MOSES, CALLED DEUTERONOMY THE ARGUMENT Moses, in the two last months of his life, rehearseth what God had done for them, and their ...

Poole: Deuteronomy 20 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 20 The priest’ s exhortation to encourage the people to fight their enemies, Deu 20:1-4 . The officers’ proclamation who are to ...

MHCC: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) This book repeats much of the history and of the laws contained in the three foregoing books: Moses delivered it to Israel a little before his death, ...

MHCC: Deuteronomy 20 (Chapter Introduction) (Deu 20:1-9) Exhortation and proclamation respecting those who went to war. (Deu 20:10-20) Peace to be offered, What cities were to be devoted.

Matthew Henry: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Fifth Book of Moses, Called Deuteronomy This book is a repetition of very much both of the history ...

Matthew Henry: Deuteronomy 20 (Chapter Introduction) This chapter settles the militia, and establishes the laws and ordinances of war, I. Relating to the soldiers. 1. Those must be encouraged that w...

Constable: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The title of this book in the Hebrew Bible was its first two words,...

Constable: Deuteronomy (Outline) Outline I. Introduction: the covenant setting 1:1-5 II. Moses' first major address: a review...

Constable: Deuteronomy Deuteronomy Bibliography Adams, Jay. Marriage, Divorce and Remarriage in the Bible. Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyt...

Haydock: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION. THE BOOK OF DEUTERONOMY. This Book is called Deuteronomy, which signifies a second law , because it repeats and inculcates the ...

Gill: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY This book is sometimes called "Elleh hadebarim", from the words with which it begins; and sometimes by the Jews "Mishne...

Gill: Deuteronomy 20 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 20 In this chapter rules are given to be observed in times of war. When a battle was near, a priest was to address the ...

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