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Text -- 2 Peter 2:17 (NET)

Strongs On/Off
Context
2:17 These men are waterless springs and mists driven by a storm, for whom the utter depths of darkness have been reserved.
Parallel   Cross Reference (TSK)   ITL  

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Dictionary Themes and Topics: Wicked | Wells | PETER, THE SECOND EPISTLE OF | PETER, SIMON | Mist | Minister | Meteorology and Celestial Phenomena | JUDE, EPISTLE OF | Hypocrisy | Heresy | Doctrines | Cloud | CISTERN; WELL; POOL; AQUEDUCT | BLACKNESS | Apostasy | Anarchy | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Robertson , Vincent , Wesley , JFB , Clarke , Calvin , Defender , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , PBC , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes , Geneva Bible

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Barclay , Constable , College

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Robertson: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Without water ( anudroi ). As in Mat 12:43; Luk 11:24. Old word for common and disappointing experience of travellers in the orient.

Without water ( anudroi ).

As in Mat 12:43; Luk 11:24. Old word for common and disappointing experience of travellers in the orient.

Robertson: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Mists ( homichlai ). Old word for fog, here alone in N.T.

Mists ( homichlai ).

Old word for fog, here alone in N.T.

Robertson: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Driven by a storm ( hupo lailapos elaunomenai ). Lailaps is a squall (Mar 4:37; Luk 8:23, only other N.T. examples). See Jam 3:4 for another exampl...

Driven by a storm ( hupo lailapos elaunomenai ).

Lailaps is a squall (Mar 4:37; Luk 8:23, only other N.T. examples). See Jam 3:4 for another example of elaunō for driving power of wind and waves.

Robertson: 2Pe 2:17 - -- For whom ( hois ). Dative case of personal interest.

For whom ( hois ).

Dative case of personal interest.

Robertson: 2Pe 2:17 - -- The blackness ( ho zophos ). See 2Pe 2:4 for this word.

The blackness ( ho zophos ).

See 2Pe 2:4 for this word.

Robertson: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Hath been reserved ( tetērētai ). Perfect passive participle of tēreō , for which see 2Pe 2:4, 2Pe 2:9.

Hath been reserved ( tetērētai ).

Perfect passive participle of tēreō , for which see 2Pe 2:4, 2Pe 2:9.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Wells ( πηγαὶ ) Better, as Rev., springs; yet the Rev. has retained well at Joh 4:14, where the change would have given more vividness...

Wells ( πηγαὶ )

Better, as Rev., springs; yet the Rev. has retained well at Joh 4:14, where the change would have given more vividness to Christ's metaphor, which is that of an ever upleaping, living fountain.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Without water As so often in the East, where the verdure excites the traveller's hope of water. Compare Jer 2:13, and the contrast presented in I...

Without water

As so often in the East, where the verdure excites the traveller's hope of water. Compare Jer 2:13, and the contrast presented in Isa 58:11; Pro 10:11; Pro 13:14.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Clouds The A. V. has followed the Tex. Rec., νεφέλαι , as in Jud 1:12. The correct reading is ὁμίχλαι , mists, found only he...

Clouds

The A. V. has followed the Tex. Rec., νεφέλαι , as in Jud 1:12. The correct reading is ὁμίχλαι , mists, found only here in New Testament. So Rev.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:17 - -- With a tempest ( ὑπὸ λαίλαπος ) Rev., by a storm. The word occurs only twice elsewhere - Mar 4:37; Luk 7:23 - in the parallel ...

With a tempest ( ὑπὸ λαίλαπος )

Rev., by a storm. The word occurs only twice elsewhere - Mar 4:37; Luk 7:23 - in the parallel accounts of the storm on the lake, which Jesus calmed by his word. There on the lake Peter was at home, as well as with the Lord on that occasion; and the peculiar word describing a whirlwind - one of those sudden storms so frequent on that lake (see note on the word, Mar 4:37) - would be the first to occur to him. Compare Paul's similar figure, Eph 4:14.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Blackness ( ζόφος ) See on 2Pe 2:4, and compare Jud 1:13.

Blackness ( ζόφος )

See on 2Pe 2:4, and compare Jud 1:13.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Of darkness ( τοῦ σκότους ) Lit., the darkness, denoting a well-understood doom.

Of darkness ( τοῦ σκότους )

Lit., the darkness, denoting a well-understood doom.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Is reserved ( τετήρηται ) Lit., hath been reserved, as Rev. See on 1Pe 1:4; and 2Pe 2:4.

Is reserved ( τετήρηται )

Lit., hath been reserved, as Rev. See on 1Pe 1:4; and 2Pe 2:4.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Forever The best texts omit.

Forever

The best texts omit.

Wesley: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Fountains and clouds promise water: so do these promise, but do not perform.

Fountains and clouds promise water: so do these promise, but do not perform.

JFB: 2Pe 2:17 - -- (Jud 1:12-13.)

JFB: 2Pe 2:17 - -- "clouds" in Jude; both promising (compare 2Pe 2:19) water, but yielding none; so their "great swelling words" are found on trial to be but "vanity" (2...

"clouds" in Jude; both promising (compare 2Pe 2:19) water, but yielding none; so their "great swelling words" are found on trial to be but "vanity" (2Pe 2:18).

JFB: 2Pe 2:17 - -- The oldest manuscripts and versions read, "mists," dark, and not transparent and bright as "clouds" often are, whence the latter term is applied somet...

The oldest manuscripts and versions read, "mists," dark, and not transparent and bright as "clouds" often are, whence the latter term is applied sometimes to the saints; fit emblem of the children of darkness. "Clouds" is a transcriber's correction from Jud 1:12, where it is appropriate, "clouds . . . without water" (promising what they do not perform); but not here, "mists driven along by a tempest."

JFB: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Blackness; "the chilling horror accompanying darkness" [BENGEL].

Blackness; "the chilling horror accompanying darkness" [BENGEL].

Clarke: 2Pe 2:17 - -- These are wells without water - Persons who, by their profession, should furnish the water of life to souls athirst for salvation; but they have not...

These are wells without water - Persons who, by their profession, should furnish the water of life to souls athirst for salvation; but they have not this water; they are teachers without ability to instruct; they are sowers, and have no seed in their basket. Nothing is more cheering in the deserts of the east than to meet with a well of water; and nothing more distressing, when parched with thirst, than to meet with a well that contains no water

Clarke: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Clouds that are carried with a tempest - In a time of great drought, to see clouds beginning to cover the face of the heavens raises the expectation...

Clouds that are carried with a tempest - In a time of great drought, to see clouds beginning to cover the face of the heavens raises the expectation of rain; but to see these carried off by a sudden tempest is a dreary disappointment. These false teachers were equally as unprofitable as the empty well, or the light, dissipated cloud

Clarke: 2Pe 2:17 - -- To whom the mist of darkness is reserved - That is, an eternal separation from the presence of God, and the glory of his power. They shall be thrust...

To whom the mist of darkness is reserved - That is, an eternal separation from the presence of God, and the glory of his power. They shall be thrust into outer darkness, Mat 8:12; into the utmost degrees of misery and despair. False and corrupt teachers will be sent into the lowest hell; and be "the most downcast, underfoot vassals of perdition.

It is scarcely necessary to notice a various reading here, which, though very different in sound, is nearly the same in sense. Instead of νεφελαι, clouds, which is the common reading, και ὁμιχλαι, and mists, or perhaps more properly thick darkness, from ὁμου, together, and αχλυς, darkness, is the reading in ABC, sixteen others, Erpen’ s Arabic, later Syriac, Coptic, Ethiopic, and Vulgate, and several of the fathers. This reading Griesbach has admitted into the text.

Calvin: 2Pe 2:17 - -- 17.These are wells, or fountains, without water. He shews by these two metaphors, that they had nothing within, though they made a great display. ...

17.These are wells, or fountains, without water. He shews by these two metaphors, that they had nothing within, though they made a great display. A fountain, by its appearance, draws men to itself, because it promises them water to drink, and for other purposes; as soon as clouds appear, they give hope of immediate rain to irrigate the earth. He then says that they were like fountains, because they excelled in boasting, and displayed some acuteness in their thoughts and elegance in their words; but that yet they were dry and barren within: hence the appearance of a fountain was fallacious.

He says that they were clouds carried by the wind, either without rain, or which burst forth into a calamitous storm. He thereby denotes that they brought nothing useful, and that often they were very hurtful. He afterwards denounces on them the dreadful judgment of God, that fear might restrain the faithful. By naming the mist or the blackness of darkness, he alludes to the clouds which obscure the air; as though he had said, that for the momentary darkness which they now spread, there is prepared for them a much thicker darkness which is to continue for ever.

Defender: 2Pe 2:17 - -- This can better be read "springs" (contrast Joh 4:14).

This can better be read "springs" (contrast Joh 4:14).

Defender: 2Pe 2:17 - -- The false teachers are destined for the outer darkness of eternal hell (compare Jud 1:13)."

The false teachers are destined for the outer darkness of eternal hell (compare Jud 1:13)."

TSK: 2Pe 2:17 - -- are wells : Job 6:14-17; Jer 14:3; Hos 6:4; Jud 1:12, Jud 1:13 clouds : Eph 4:14 mist : ""The blackness, ζοφος [Strong’ s G2217], of dark...

are wells : Job 6:14-17; Jer 14:3; Hos 6:4; Jud 1:12, Jud 1:13

clouds : Eph 4:14

mist : ""The blackness, ζοφος [Strong’ s G2217], of darkness,""darkness itself, says Leigh.

darkness : 2Pe 2:4; Mat 8:12, Mat 22:13, Mat 25:30; Jud 1:6, Jud 1:13

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: 2Pe 2:17 - -- These are wells without water - Jud 1:12-13 employs several other epithets to describe the same class of persons. The language employed both by ...

These are wells without water - Jud 1:12-13 employs several other epithets to describe the same class of persons. The language employed both by Peter and Jude is singularly terse, pointed, and emphatic. Nothing to an oriental mind would be more expressive than to say of professed religious teachers, that they were "wells without water."It was always a sad disappointment to a traveler in the hot sands of the desert to come to a well where it was expected that water might be found, and to find it dry. It only aggravated the trials of the thirsty and weary traveler. Such were these religious teachers. In a world, not unaptly compared, in regard to its real comforts, to the wastes and sands of the desert, they would only grievously disappoint the expectations of all those who were seeking for the refreshing influences of the truths of the gospel. There are many such teachers in the world.

Clouds that are carried with a tempest - Clouds that are driven about by the wind, and that send down no rain upon the earth. They promise rain, only to be followed by disappointment. Substantially the same idea is conveyed by this as by the previous phrase. "The Arabs compare persons who put on the appearance of virtue, when yet they are destitute of all goodness, to a light cloud which makes a show of rain, and afterward vanishes"- Benson. The sense is this: The cloud, as it rises, promises rain. The expectation of the farmer is excited that the thirsty earth is to be refreshed with needful showers. Instead of this, however, the wind "gets into"the cloud; it is driven about, and no rain falls, or it ends in a destructive tornado which sweeps everything before it. So of these religious teachers. Instruction in regard to the way of salvation was expected from them; but, instead of that, they disappointed the expectations of those who were desirous of knowing the way of life, and their doctrines only tended to destroy.

To whom the mist of darkness is reserved for ever - The word rendered "mist"here, ( ζόφος zophos ,) means properly muskiness, thick gloom, darkness, (see 2Pe 2:4); and the phrase "mist of darkness"is designed to denote "intense"darkness, or the thickest darkness. It refers undoubtedly to the place of future punishment, which is often represented as a place of intense darkness. See the notes at Mat 8:12. When it is said that this is "reserved"for them, it means that it is prepared for them, or is kept in a state of readiness to receive them. It is like a jail or penitentiary which is built in anticipation that there will be criminals, and with the expectation that there will be a need for it. So God has constructed the great prison-house of the universe, the world where the wicked are to dwell, with the knowledge that there would be occasion for it; and so he keeps it from age to age that it may be ready to receive the wicked when the sentence of condemnation shall be passed upon them. Compare Mat 25:41. The word "forever"is a word which denotes properly eternity, ( εἰς αἰώνα eis aiōna ,) and is such a word as could not have been used if it had been meant that they would not suffer forever. Compare the notes at Mat 25:46.

Poole: 2Pe 2:17 - -- These are wells without water: he compares seducers: 1. To wells without water; because as a well invites a traveller to it in hope of quenching ...

These are wells without water: he compares seducers:

1. To wells without water; because as a well invites a traveller to it in hope of quenching his thirst, but being without water, mocks his expectation; so false teachers, making a show of true wisdom and saving knowledge, draw men to them, but being destitute of it, delude them, and make them no wiser than they were.

Clouds that are carried with a tempest

2. To clouds, & c.; because as clouds many times, promising rain and refreshment, either are scattered by the wind, or break out into a tempest; so these, when they promise to refresh their hearers’ souls with the truth of God, being themselves destitute of it, do them no good, or with their pernicious errors, or corrupt manners, do them much harm. By this comparison he sets forth:

(1.) Their inconstancy, that, like clouds driven with the wind, they are tossed to and fro, from one doctrine to another, Eph 4:14 . And:

(2.) Their deceitfulness, that they make a show of what they have not, as clouds do of rain, when yet they are scattered, without yielding any.

The mist of darkness i.e. the darkest darkness, called outer darkness, Mat 8:12 22:13 25:30 ; by which the torments of hell are sometimes set forth, as well as sometimes by fire.

PBC: 2Pe 2:17 - -- Imagine yourself on a long hike in the mountains. The sun is beating down on you. The temperature is hot. Humidity is low, almost non-existent. Just a...

Imagine yourself on a long hike in the mountains. The sun is beating down on you. The temperature is hot. Humidity is low, almost non-existent. Just as you reach the remotest point of the hike at the heat of the day you run out of water. The lack of water exaggerates your thirst. You can think of little else. You crave water. You see a stranger approaching on the path. He appears to be fresh and loaded with containers of water. He even beckons to you and tells you that he has water, cold water, and welcomes you to drink freely. You open the first container. To your dismay, the container is empty, bone dry. In turn you open each container and discover that they all are empty. Not only are you still thirsty, but this man also elevated your expectations only to crash them with disappointment. Peter sets up a similar situation in this lesson. However, the expectation is for spiritual water, refreshing, good news from God. The false teachers cultivate your anticipation. They build your expectations to the peak. Then they crash you to the ground. They promised you the moon, and they gave you nothing. The disappointment in this situation is far more difficult to accept than if you simply missed a cool drink of water.

If we review 2Pe 2:10-12, we begin to see a pattern. They speak freely about things of which they have no knowledge. They criticize and denigrate the solid, confirmed truths of Scripture, but they cannot offer anything that equals this truth. Neither can they provide proof for the things that they allege. Years ago I was talking with a good friend about a particular person who had the "gift of gab." My friend, twinkle in eye, quipped, "Good old Brother A, he talks whether he has anything to say or not." In this case the talker was merely a sincere believer who talks too much for his own good. In Peter’s case the false teachers talked with guile. They were intentionally deceptive. They are not wells with a little water or clouds with a mist instead of a full shower. They have no water whatever. Peter’s description,

"... to whom the mist of darkness is reserved for ever, "

seems quite clear and quite final. It seems rather obvious that Peter does not view these people as children of God who became caught in the snare of error and teach others that error. He views them as unsaved people who will face eternal separation and punishment for their sins. There is a touch of irony in Peter’s words. Wells and clouds that have no water face the "mist" of darkness forever. They will live throughout eternity in a mist, but the mist is not water, but darkness. They will receive what they deserve for their malicious deception of others.

D. A. Carson offers a concise point to this phrase, "Blackest darkness is a word used from classical times to denote the darkness of the regions of hell."[i]

"While they promise them liberty, they themselves are the servants of corruption: for of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he brought in bondage."

Since these false teachers were the slaves of their own false teachings, they lived in bondage to their own insidious error, even as they promised incredible liberty to the people whom they attempted to deceive.

Peter clearly emphasizes the evil character of these false teachers, but he doesn’t leave those who follow their influence free of responsibility,

"... they allure through the lusts of the flesh, through much wantonness, those that were clean escaped from them who live in error."

One could easily conclude that these false teachers advocated an amoral lifestyle based on their false teachings. We often observe that a person’s doctrinal views, or more properly his theological views, impact his conduct. We could not find a more dramatic example of this truth than our lesson from 2 Peter. As the false teachers plummet the bottomless pit of their error in their effort to gain followers, they add sexual sins to their false teachings. Peter indicates that they actually appeal to lust in the minds of the students in order to gain acceptance of their errors. Then their appeal falls deeper with their appeal to wantonness; defined by Strong in these words; "... unbridled lust, excess, licentiousness, lasciviousness, wantonness, outrageousness, shamelessness, insolence." [ii]We cannot miss the intense contrast between the amoral character of the false teachers and Paul’s wholesome exhortation, "Let everyone that nameth the name of Christ depart from iniquity." {2Ti 2:19}

Paul’s teaching, along with Peter’s, cultivated godly, moral integrity. The false teachers’ ideas cultivated lust and sexual sin in their disciples. Jesus affirmed that we know the true nature of a tree, or of people, by their fruit, the conduct of their life. {Mt 7:16} We readily begin to see why Peter complains that these false teachers are responsible for a bad reputation to be formed against the true faith and true believers. Just this morning I was listening to a program on Christian radio. The preacher was narrating a time in his life before his conversion. He was deeply involved in a career and in unrestrained indulgence of his sinful appetites. He mentioned meeting a beautiful woman who told him that she was " born again" and a Christian. However, he soon learned that she was addicted to drugs and alcohol, and that she had no sexual mores whatever. Her words and her profession of faith in Christ did not match. In fact they diametrically contradicted each other. Spurgeon wrote that, "Sin and grace are quarrelsome neighbors. One or the other must go." When someone tries to make sin and grace live peacefully as neighbors, they violate the character of grace. They tarnish grace’s reputation. When Paul described the moral influence of God’s saving grace, he established that grace makes a profound moral change in a person’s character . { Tit 2:12} On the negative side God’s grace teaches us to deny ungodliness and worldly lusts, the mirror opposite message to that taught by the false teachers in 2Pe 2:1-22. On the positive side God’s grace teaches us to joyfully anticipate the final and glorious coming of our Lord Jesus Christ in glory and judgment.

I never cease to be amazed at the intuitive wisdom of the ordinary, sincere believer in Christ. Often I have listened as they described a particular teaching. They couldn’t analyze the teaching from a theological perspective. They might not even be able to clearly define the error that they heard, but they intuitively knew that something was wrong with the teaching, that it didn’t harmonize with Scripture. They reflect the truth that Paul taught; God’s grace not only saves; it also teaches those whom it saves.

We will study the "victims" of false teachers later, but we note here that Peter describes them as those who

"were clean escaped from them who live in error."

False teachers prey on true believers. But we must not overlook an obvious point. They also look for the vulnerable; the weak, newly converted, or poorly informed among believers. A hungry wolf will not stalk the strongest ram in a flock of sheep. He will watch and stealthily wait till a weak sheep strays from the protection of the fold. Then he will attack the weakling when it is isolated from the protection of the flock. Although the Biblical design of the institution of the church, a local body of baptized believers who have pledged their faithfulness to God and to each other, is not primarily the protection of the weak, this feature commands prominence in the overall Biblical teachings regarding the full function of a healthy church. We bear one another’s burdens. We stand beside the weak as a crutch holds the weight of a man who broke his leg till the bone heals and can bear its weight again. Anytime members of a local church begin to drift away from faithful and regular attendance, they become vulnerable to false teaching and to error that they would have never accepted during their time of faithful attendance. False teachers and their leader are skilled hunters. They never stop watching for the weak and vulnerable. They will take advantage of every opportunity to move in on an isolated sheep. Stand close to the flock!

[i] Carson, D. A. (1994). New Bible commentary: 21st century edition. Rev. ed. of: The new Bible commentary. 3rd ed. edited by D. Guthrie, J.A. Motyer. 1970. (4th ed.). {2Pe 3:1} Leicester, England; Downers Grove, Ill., USA: Inter-Varsity Press.

[ii] Strong, J. 1996. The exhaustive concordance of the Bible: Showing every word of the test of the common English version of the canonical books, and every occurence of each word in regular order. electronic ed. (766). Ontario: Woodside Bible Fellowship.

Haydock: 2Pe 2:17 - -- These are fountains without water. The like lively description is given of the manners of these heretics by St. Jude, so that the text of one of the...

These are fountains without water. The like lively description is given of the manners of these heretics by St. Jude, so that the text of one of these apostles helps to expound the other. (Witham)

Gill: 2Pe 2:17 - -- These are wells without water,.... Which look large and deep, promise much, and have nothing in them; so these men looked like angels of light, transf...

These are wells without water,.... Which look large and deep, promise much, and have nothing in them; so these men looked like angels of light, transformed themselves as ministers of righteousness, had a form of godliness, and boasted of their great knowledge; promised great advantages to their followers, but were like deceitful brooks, or dry wells, and so disappointed those that came to them, and attended on them; having nothing but the filth and slime of error and iniquity, being destitute both of the grace of God, comparable to water, and of the truth of heavenly doctrine, which is like the rain that fills the wells, pools, and fountains.

Clouds that are carried with a tempest; these false teachers may be compared to clouds for their number, for many antichrists and false prophets soon came into the world; and for their sudden rise in the churches, into which they crept privily and unawares; and because of the general darkness they spread, for when errors and heresies prevail it is a dark and cloudy day with the churches, a day of gloominess and darkness, of thick darkness, a day of trouble, rebuke, and blasphemy; and because of the height of them, especially light clouds, as these are compared to, who are high in their own conceits and imaginations, and think, and give out themselves to be some great persons; and also because of their sudden destruction, which lingers and slumbers not, but comes upon them in a moment, and their glory passes away like the morning cloud: and these may be said to be as clouds "carried with a tempest": of their own lusts and passions, by which they are governed, and are led, and carried away with the force of them, and have no power to resist them, being under the dominion of them, and captives to them; and of Satan's temptations, who works effectually in them, with all power, signs, and lying wonders, and with all deceivableness of unrighteousness, and being taken in his snare, are led captive by him at his will: Jude says, "carried about of winds", Jud 1:12, with every wind of false doctrine, like meteors in the air; are never at a point, always unsteady and unsettled, and ready to embrace every new and upstart notion:

to whom the mist of darkness is reserved for ever; the nature of their punishment is expressed by "darkness", the blackest darkness, the mist of darkness, and which Jude calls blackness of darkness, the same with utter darkness; and which signifies a most forlorn and uncomfortable condition, and is a righteous judgment, and just retaliation upon them who studied to darken counsel by words without knowledge; and the certainty of their punishment is signified by its being "reserved", even as the happiness of the saints, and the safety and sureness of it are represented by an inheritance reserved in heaven: and as God has his treasures, magazines, and stores of grace and mercy, felicity and glory, for his people; so he has his wrath and vengeance reserved, laid up in store with him, and sealed up among his treasures, which he will surely bring forth in his own time: and the duration of this punishment is "for ever"; it is a worm that never dies, a fire that is never quenched, Isa 66:24 Mar 9:44; it is everlasting fire and burnings, the smoke of which ascends for ever and ever.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 2Pe 2:17 Grk “utter darkness of darkness.” Verse 4 speaks of wicked angels presently in “chains of utter darkness,” while the final fat...

Geneva Bible: 2Pe 2:17 ( 8 ) These are ( o ) wells without water, clouds that are carried with a tempest; to whom the mist of ( p ) darkness is reserved for ever. ( 8 ) Ano...

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: 2Pe 2:1-22 - --1 He foretells them of false teachers, shewing the impiety and punishment both of them and their followers;7 from which the godly shall be delivered, ...

MHCC: 2Pe 2:17-22 - --The word of truth is the water of life, which refreshes the souls that receive it; but deceivers spread and promote error, and are set forth as empty,...

Matthew Henry: 2Pe 2:10-22 - -- The apostle's design being to warn us of, and arm us against, seducers, he now returns to discourse more particularly of them, and give us an accoun...

Barclay: 2Pe 2:17-22 - --Peter is still rolling out his tremendous denunciation of the evil men. They flatter only to deceive. They are like wells with no water and like mist...

Constable: 2Pe 2:1-22 - --IV. THE DANGER TO THE CHRISTIAN 2:1-22 Peter next warned his readers of the false teachers who presented a messa...

Constable: 2Pe 2:10-19 - --C. The Conduct of False Teachers 2:10b-19 Peter next emphasized the conduct of false teachers to motivate his readers to turn away from them. 2:10b "D...

College: 2Pe 2:1-22 - --2 PETER 2 B. WARNING AGAINST FALSE TEACHERS (2:1-22) 1. The Coming of False Teachers (2:1-3) 1 But there were also false prophets among the people,...

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Introduction / Outline

Robertson: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) THE SECOND EPISTLE OF PETER ABOUT a.d. 66 OR 67 By Way of Introduction Most Doubtful New Testament Book Every book in the New Testament is cha...

JFB: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) AUTHENTICITY AND GENUINENESS.--If not a gross imposture, its own internal witness is unequivocal in its favor. It has Peter's name and apostleship in ...

JFB: 2 Peter (Outline) ADDRESS: EXHORTATION TO ALL GRACES, AS GOD HAS GIVEN US, IN THE KNOWLEDGE OF CHRIST, ALL THINGS PERTAINING TO LIFE: CONFIRMED BY THE TESTIMONY OF APO...

TSK: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) Overview 2Pe 2:1, He foretells them of false teachers, shewing the impiety and punishment both of them and their followers; 2Pe 2:7, from which th...

Poole: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) PETER CHAPTER 2

MHCC: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) This epistle clearly is connected with the former epistle of Peter. The apostle having stated the blessings to which God has called Christians, exhort...

MHCC: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) (2Pe 2:1-9) Believers are cautioned against false teachers, and the certainty of their punishment shown from examples. (2Pe 2:10-16) An account of th...

Matthew Henry: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Second Epistle General of Peter The penman of this epistle appears plainly to be the same who wrote...

Matthew Henry: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) The apostle, having in the foregoing chapter exhorted them to proceed and advance in the Christian race, now comes to remove, as much as in him lay...

Barclay: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO THE SECOND LETTER OF PETER The Neglected Book And Its Contents Second Peter is one of the neglected books of the New Testament. ...

Barclay: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) False Prophets (2Pe_2:1) The Sins Of The False Prophets And Their End (2Pe_2:1 Continued) The Work Of Falsehood (2Pe_2:2-3) The Fate Of The Wicke...

Constable: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) Introduction Historical Background This epistle claims that the Apostle Peter wrote it...

Constable: 2 Peter (Outline) Outline I. Introduction 1:1-2 II. The condition of the Christian 1:3-11 ...

Constable: 2 Peter 2 Peter Bibliography Alford, Henry. Alford's Greek Testament. 4 vols. New ed. London: Rivingtons, 1884. ...

Haydock: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) THE SECOND EPISTLE OF ST. PETER, THE APOSTLE. INTRODUCTION. This epistle, though not at first received [by some Churches] as canonical, was ac...

Gill: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 2 PETER Though there was, among the ancients, a doubt concerning the authority of this epistle, which is first mentioned by Origen ...

Gill: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 2 PETER 2 This chapter contains a description of false teachers, that were then in Christian churches, as there had been false prop...

College: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION ABOUT THIS COMMENTARY This commentary is written for serious students of the Bible, including Bible class teachers, preachers, college ...

College: 2 Peter (Outline) OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION - 1:1-15 A. Salutation and Greeting - 1:1-2 B. Preface: Exhortation to Godly Living - 1:3-11 C. Occasion: The ...

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