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Text -- 2 Peter 2:19 (NET)

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Context
2:19 Although these false teachers promise such people freedom, they themselves are enslaved to immorality. For whatever a person succumbs to, to that he is enslaved.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Dictionary Themes and Topics: Wicked | Servant | PETER, SIMON | Nicolaitanes | Minister | JUDE, EPISTLE OF | Hypocrisy | Heresy | Fellowship | Doctrines | Destruction | BONDAGE | Anarchy | Addiction | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Robertson , Vincent , Wesley , JFB , Clarke , Calvin , Defender , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Barclay , Constable , College

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Robertson: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Liberty ( eleutherian ). Promising "personal liberty,"that is license, after the fashion of advocates of liquor today, not the freedom of truth in Ch...

Liberty ( eleutherian ).

Promising "personal liberty,"that is license, after the fashion of advocates of liquor today, not the freedom of truth in Christ (Joh 8:32; Gal 5:1, Gal 5:13).

Robertson: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Themselves bondservants ( autoi douloi ). "Themselves slaves"of corruption and sin as Paul has it in Rom 6:20.

Themselves bondservants ( autoi douloi ).

"Themselves slaves"of corruption and sin as Paul has it in Rom 6:20.

Robertson: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Of whom ( hōi ). Instrumental case, but it may mean "of what."

Of whom ( hōi ).

Instrumental case, but it may mean "of what."

Robertson: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Is overcome ( hēttētai ). Perfect passive indicative of hēttaō (from hēttōn , less) old verb, in N.T. only here, 2Pe 2:20; 2Co 12:13.

Is overcome ( hēttētai ).

Perfect passive indicative of hēttaō (from hēttōn , less) old verb, in N.T. only here, 2Pe 2:20; 2Co 12:13.

Robertson: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Of the same ( toutōi ). "By this one (or thing)."

Of the same ( toutōi ).

"By this one (or thing)."

Robertson: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Is brought into bondage ( dedoulōtai ). Perfect passive indicative of douloō . Like Paul again (Rom 6:16, Rom 6:18; Rom 8:21).

Is brought into bondage ( dedoulōtai ).

Perfect passive indicative of douloō . Like Paul again (Rom 6:16, Rom 6:18; Rom 8:21).

Vincent: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Is overcome ( ἥττηται ) Lit., is worsted; from ἥσσων , inferior. Only here, 2Pe 2:20, and 2Co 12:13.

Is overcome ( ἥττηται )

Lit., is worsted; from ἥσσων , inferior. Only here, 2Pe 2:20, and 2Co 12:13.

Vincent: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Brought into bondage ( δεδούλωται ) Enslaved. Compare Rom 6:16.

Brought into bondage ( δεδούλωται )

Enslaved. Compare Rom 6:16.

Wesley: 2Pe 2:19 - -- From needless restraints and scruples; from the bondage of the law.

From needless restraints and scruples; from the bondage of the law.

Wesley: 2Pe 2:19 - -- Even sin, the vilest of all bondage.

Even sin, the vilest of all bondage.

JFB: 2Pe 2:19 - -- (Christian)--These promises are instances of their "great swelling words" (2Pe 2:18). The liberty which they propose is such as fears not Satan, nor l...

(Christian)--These promises are instances of their "great swelling words" (2Pe 2:18). The liberty which they propose is such as fears not Satan, nor loathes the flesh. Pauline language, adopted by Peter here, and 1Pe 2:16; see on 1Pe 2:16; (compare 2Pe 3:15; Rom 6:16-22; Rom 8:15, Rom 8:21; Gal 5:1, Gal 5:13; compare Joh 8:34).

JFB: 2Pe 2:19 - -- (See on 2Pe 2:12); "destroyed . . . perish . . . corruption."

(See on 2Pe 2:12); "destroyed . . . perish . . . corruption."

JFB: 2Pe 2:19 - -- "by whatever . . . by the same," &c.

"by whatever . . . by the same," &c.

Clarke: 2Pe 2:19 - -- While they promise them liberty - Either to live in the highest degrees of spiritual good, or a freedom from the Roman yoke; or from the yoke of the...

While they promise them liberty - Either to live in the highest degrees of spiritual good, or a freedom from the Roman yoke; or from the yoke of the law, or what they might term needless restraints. Their own conduct showed the falsity of their system; for they were slaves to every disgraceful lust

Clarke: 2Pe 2:19 - -- For of whom a man is overcome - This is an allusion to the ancient custom of selling for slaves those whom they had conquered and captivated in war....

For of whom a man is overcome - This is an allusion to the ancient custom of selling for slaves those whom they had conquered and captivated in war. The ancient law was, that a man might either kill him whom he overcame in battle, or keep him for a slave. These were called servi , slaves, from the verb servare , to keep or preserve. And they were also called mancipia , from manu capiuntur , they are taken captive by the hand of their enemy. Thus the person who is overcome by his lusts is represented as being the slave of those lusts. See Rom 6:16, and the note there.

Calvin: 2Pe 2:19 - -- 19.While they promise them liberty He shews their inconsistency, that they falsely promised liberty, while they themselves served sin, and were in th...

19.While they promise them liberty He shews their inconsistency, that they falsely promised liberty, while they themselves served sin, and were in the worst bondage; for no one can give what he has not. This reason, however, does not seem to be sufficiently valid, because it sometimes happens that wicked men, and wholly unacquainted with Christ, preach usefully concerning the benefits and blessings of Christ. But we must observe, that what is condemned here is vicious doctrine, connected with impurity of life; for the Apostle's design was to obviate the deceptive allurements by which they ensnared the foolish. The name of liberty is sweet, and they abused it for this end, that the hearer, being loosed from the fear of the divine law, might abandon himself unto unbridled licentiousness. But the liberty which Christ has procured for us, and which he offers daily by the gospel, is altogether different, for he has exempted us from the yoke of the law as far as it subjects us to a curse, that he might also deliver us from the dominion of sin, as far as it subjects us to its own lusts. Hence, where lusts reign, and therefore where the flesh rules, there the liberty of Christ has no place whatever. The Apostle then declares this to all the godly, that they might not desire any other liberty but that which leads those, who are set free from sin, to a willing obedience to righteousness.

We hence learn that there have ever been depraved men who made a false pretense to liberty, and that this has been an old cunning trick of Satan. We need not wonder that at this day the same filth is stirred up by fanatical men.

The Papists turn and twist this passage against us, but they thereby betray their ridiculous impudence. For in the first place, men of the filthiest life, in public-houses and brothels, belch out this charge, that we are the servants of corruption, in the life of whom they cannot point out anything reproachful. In the second place, since we teach nothing respecting Christian liberty but what is derived from Christ and his Apostles, and at the same time require the mortification of the flesh, and the proper exercises for subduing it, much more strictly than they do who slander us, they vomit forth their curses, not so much against us as against the Son of God, whom we have as our certain teacher and authority.

For of whom a man is overcome This sentence is derived from military law; but yet it is a common saying among heathen writers, that there is no harder or a more miserable bondage than when lusts rule and reign. What then ought to be done by us, on whom the Son of God has bestowed his Spirit, not only that we may be freed from the dominion of sin, but that we may also become the conquerors of the flesh and the world?

Defender: 2Pe 2:19 - -- These who are preaching freedom to the undecided inquirers are themselves slaves of corruption in absolute bondage to sin."

These who are preaching freedom to the undecided inquirers are themselves slaves of corruption in absolute bondage to sin."

TSK: 2Pe 2:19 - -- they promise : Gal 5:1, Gal 5:13; 1Pe 2:16 they themselves : Joh 8:34; Rom 6:12-14, Rom 6:16-22; Tit 3:3 overcome : 2Pe 2:20; Isa 28:1; Jer 23:9; 2Ti ...

they promise : Gal 5:1, Gal 5:13; 1Pe 2:16

they themselves : Joh 8:34; Rom 6:12-14, Rom 6:16-22; Tit 3:3

overcome : 2Pe 2:20; Isa 28:1; Jer 23:9; 2Ti 2:26

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: 2Pe 2:19 - -- While they promise them liberty - True religion always promises and produces liberty (see the notes at Joh 8:36), but the particular liberty wh...

While they promise them liberty - True religion always promises and produces liberty (see the notes at Joh 8:36), but the particular liberty which these persons seem to have promised, was freedom from what they regarded as needless restraint, or from strict and narrow views of religion.

They themselves are the servants of corruption - They are the slaves of gross and corrupt passions, themselves utter strangers to freedom, and bound in the chains of servitude. These passions and appetites have obtained the entire mastery over them, and brought them into the severest bondage. This is often the case with those who deride the restraints of serious piety. They are themselves the slaves of appetite, or of the rules of fashionable life, or of the laws of honor, or of vicious indulgences. "He is a freeman whom the truth makes free, and all are slaves besides."Compare the notes at 2Co 3:17.

For of whom a man is overcome ... - Or rather "by what ( ᾧ hō ) anyone is overcome;"that is, "whatever"gets the mastery of him, whether it be avarice, or sensuality, or pride, or any form of error. See the notes at Rom 6:16, where this sentiment is explained.

Poole: 2Pe 2:19 - -- While they promise them liberty liberty for their lusts, and so from the yoke of the Divine law. They abused the name of Christian liberty, and exten...

While they promise them liberty liberty for their lusts, and so from the yoke of the Divine law. They abused the name of Christian liberty, and extended it to licentiousness.

They themselves are the servants of corruption under the power and dominion of sin.

For of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he brought in bondage: he alludes to the law of war, according to which, he that is overcome, and taken captive by his enemy, becomes his servant. These false teachers, that talked so much of Christian liberty, yet being overcome by their own lusts, and kept under by them, were the worst of slaves.

Gill: 2Pe 2:19 - -- While they promise them liberty,.... Not Christian liberty, which lies in a freedom from sin, its dominion, guilt, and condemnation, and in serving Go...

While they promise them liberty,.... Not Christian liberty, which lies in a freedom from sin, its dominion, guilt, and condemnation, and in serving God with liberty, cheerfulness, and without fear; but a sinful carnal liberty, a liberty from the law of God, from obedience to it as a rule of walk and conversation, and from the laws of men, from subjection to the civil magistrate, and from servitude to masters, and obedience to parents; a liberty to lay aside and neglect the ordinances of the Gospel at pleasure, and to live in all manner of sin and wickedness; a liberty which is contrary to the nature, will, and work of Christ, to his Spirit, and to the principle of grace in the heart, and to the Gospel, and to the conduct and conversation of real saints. Now this was the snare by which the false teachers beguiled unstable souls; liberty being what is greatly desirable to men, and is suited to their carnal lusts and interests: but a vain promise was this, when

they themselves are the servants of corruption; of sin, which has corrupted all mankind in soul and body; and particularly the lust of uncleanness, which these men walked in, and by which they not only corrupted themselves, but the good manners of others also; and which tended and led them both to ruin and destruction, signified by the pit of corruption: and yet these very preachers, that promised liberty to others, were the servants of sin; they were under the power and government of sin. They were not only born so, and were homeborn slaves to sin, but they sold themselves to work wickedness; voluntarily and with delight, they served divers lusts and pleasures, and were slaves and drudges thereunto; as likewise to Satan, whose lusts they would do, and by whom they were led captive; so that their condition was mean, base, and deplorable, and therefore could never make good their promise, or give that which they had not themselves: and which is confirmed by the following reasoning,

for of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he brought in bondage: as this is a certain point in war, that when one man is conquered by another, he is no longer a free man, but the other's prisoner and captive, and is in a state of servitude and bondage; so it is when a man is overcome by sin, which must be understood not of a partial victory or conquest, for a good man may be surprised by sin, and overtaken in a fault, and be overcome and carried captive by it for a time, as was the apostle, see Rom 7:23; and yet not be a servant of corruption, or properly in a state of bondage to it; but this is to be understood of a total and complete victory, when a man is wholly under the dominion of sin, it reigns in his mortal body, and he obeys it in the lusts of it, and yields his members instruments of unrighteousness; such a man is neither a free man himself, nor can he much less promise and give liberty to others.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 2Pe 2:19 Grk “for by what someone is overcome, to this he is enslaved.”

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: 2Pe 2:1-22 - --1 He foretells them of false teachers, shewing the impiety and punishment both of them and their followers;7 from which the godly shall be delivered, ...

MHCC: 2Pe 2:17-22 - --The word of truth is the water of life, which refreshes the souls that receive it; but deceivers spread and promote error, and are set forth as empty,...

Matthew Henry: 2Pe 2:10-22 - -- The apostle's design being to warn us of, and arm us against, seducers, he now returns to discourse more particularly of them, and give us an accoun...

Barclay: 2Pe 2:17-22 - --Peter is still rolling out his tremendous denunciation of the evil men. They flatter only to deceive. They are like wells with no water and like mist...

Constable: 2Pe 2:1-22 - --IV. THE DANGER TO THE CHRISTIAN 2:1-22 Peter next warned his readers of the false teachers who presented a messa...

Constable: 2Pe 2:10-19 - --C. The Conduct of False Teachers 2:10b-19 Peter next emphasized the conduct of false teachers to motivate his readers to turn away from them. 2:10b "D...

College: 2Pe 2:1-22 - --2 PETER 2 B. WARNING AGAINST FALSE TEACHERS (2:1-22) 1. The Coming of False Teachers (2:1-3) 1 But there were also false prophets among the people,...

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Introduction / Outline

Robertson: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) THE SECOND EPISTLE OF PETER ABOUT a.d. 66 OR 67 By Way of Introduction Most Doubtful New Testament Book Every book in the New Testament is cha...

JFB: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) AUTHENTICITY AND GENUINENESS.--If not a gross imposture, its own internal witness is unequivocal in its favor. It has Peter's name and apostleship in ...

JFB: 2 Peter (Outline) ADDRESS: EXHORTATION TO ALL GRACES, AS GOD HAS GIVEN US, IN THE KNOWLEDGE OF CHRIST, ALL THINGS PERTAINING TO LIFE: CONFIRMED BY THE TESTIMONY OF APO...

TSK: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) Overview 2Pe 2:1, He foretells them of false teachers, shewing the impiety and punishment both of them and their followers; 2Pe 2:7, from which th...

Poole: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) PETER CHAPTER 2

MHCC: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) This epistle clearly is connected with the former epistle of Peter. The apostle having stated the blessings to which God has called Christians, exhort...

MHCC: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) (2Pe 2:1-9) Believers are cautioned against false teachers, and the certainty of their punishment shown from examples. (2Pe 2:10-16) An account of th...

Matthew Henry: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Second Epistle General of Peter The penman of this epistle appears plainly to be the same who wrote...

Matthew Henry: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) The apostle, having in the foregoing chapter exhorted them to proceed and advance in the Christian race, now comes to remove, as much as in him lay...

Barclay: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO THE SECOND LETTER OF PETER The Neglected Book And Its Contents Second Peter is one of the neglected books of the New Testament. ...

Barclay: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) False Prophets (2Pe_2:1) The Sins Of The False Prophets And Their End (2Pe_2:1 Continued) The Work Of Falsehood (2Pe_2:2-3) The Fate Of The Wicke...

Constable: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) Introduction Historical Background This epistle claims that the Apostle Peter wrote it...

Constable: 2 Peter (Outline) Outline I. Introduction 1:1-2 II. The condition of the Christian 1:3-11 ...

Constable: 2 Peter 2 Peter Bibliography Alford, Henry. Alford's Greek Testament. 4 vols. New ed. London: Rivingtons, 1884. ...

Haydock: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) THE SECOND EPISTLE OF ST. PETER, THE APOSTLE. INTRODUCTION. This epistle, though not at first received [by some Churches] as canonical, was ac...

Gill: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 2 PETER Though there was, among the ancients, a doubt concerning the authority of this epistle, which is first mentioned by Origen ...

Gill: 2 Peter 2 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 2 PETER 2 This chapter contains a description of false teachers, that were then in Christian churches, as there had been false prop...

College: 2 Peter (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION ABOUT THIS COMMENTARY This commentary is written for serious students of the Bible, including Bible class teachers, preachers, college ...

College: 2 Peter (Outline) OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION - 1:1-15 A. Salutation and Greeting - 1:1-2 B. Preface: Exhortation to Godly Living - 1:3-11 C. Occasion: The ...

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