
Text -- 1 Samuel 20:30 (NET)




Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics



collapse allCommentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)
Wesley -> 1Sa 20:30
Wesley: 1Sa 20:30 - -- Men will conclude that thou hast no royal blood in thy veins, that canst so tamely give up thy crown to so contemptible a person.
Men will conclude that thou hast no royal blood in thy veins, that canst so tamely give up thy crown to so contemptible a person.
JFB -> 1Sa 20:30
JFB: 1Sa 20:30 - -- This is a striking Oriental form of abuse. Saul was not angry with his wife; it was the son alone, upon whom he meant, by this style of address, to di...
This is a striking Oriental form of abuse. Saul was not angry with his wife; it was the son alone, upon whom he meant, by this style of address, to discharge his resentment. The principle on which it is founded seems to be, that to a genuine filial instinct it is a more inexpiable offense to hear the name or character of a parent traduced, than any personal reproach. This was, undoubtedly, one cause of "the fierce anger" in which the high-minded prince left the table without tasting a morsel.
Clarke -> 1Sa 20:30
Clarke: 1Sa 20:30 - -- Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman - This clause is variously translated and understood. The Hebrew might be translated, Son of an unjust reb...
Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman - This clause is variously translated and understood. The Hebrew might be translated, Son of an unjust rebellion; that is, "Thou art a rebel against thy own father."The Vulgate, Fili mulieris virum ultro rapientis ; "Son of the woman who, of her own accord, forces the man."The Septuagint is equally curious,
TSK -> 1Sa 20:30
TSK: 1Sa 20:30 - -- Saul’ s : Job 5:2; Pro 14:29, Pro 19:12, Pro 19:19, Pro 21:24, Pro 25:28, Pro 27:3; Jam 1:19, Jam 1:20
Thou : etc. or, Thou perverse rebel, Heb. ...
Saul’ s : Job 5:2; Pro 14:29, Pro 19:12, Pro 19:19, Pro 21:24, Pro 25:28, Pro 27:3; Jam 1:19, Jam 1:20
Thou : etc. or, Thou perverse rebel, Heb. Son of perverse rebellion, Pro 15:2, Pro 21:24; Mat 5:22; Eph 4:31, Eph 6:4
and unto the : This reflection on the mother of Jonathan, by the passionate monarch, reflects more dishonour on himself than on his brave and noble minded son. Mungo Park gives an instance of the prevalence of the same principles in Africa; for he says, ""Maternal affection is every where conspicuous among the Africans, and creates a correspondent return of tenderness in the child. ‘ Strike me,’ said my attendant, ‘ but do not curse my mother.’ I found the same sentiment to prevail universally in all parts of Africa.""King Saul, unable to villify Jonathan to his own satisfaction by personal reproaches, outstepped the ordinary abuse of his day, and proceeded to that which was designed to produce unusual vexation, and vented the bitterness of his mind by maligning the character of his own wife and Jonathan’ s mother.

collapse allCommentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)
Barnes -> 1Sa 20:30
Barnes: 1Sa 20:30 - -- The greatest insult and most stinging reproach that can be cast upon an Oriental is to reproach his parents or ancestors (see Job 30:8). Saul means ...
The greatest insult and most stinging reproach that can be cast upon an Oriental is to reproach his parents or ancestors (see Job 30:8). Saul means to intimate that Jonathan was stubborn from his mother’ s womb.
Poole -> 1Sa 20:30
Poole: 1Sa 20:30 - -- Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman this base temper of thine thou hast not from me, but from thy mother; of whose perverseness I have had so m...
Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman this base temper of thine thou hast not from me, but from thy mother; of whose perverseness I have had so much experience. Or,
thou son of perverse rebellion i.e. thou perverse and rebellious son. Or, thou most perverse rebel; for in the Hebrew language, the word
son thus used, is an aggravation of a man’ s crime, and notes one who is extraordinarily addicted to it. Thus he calls him, because he hid and preserved that man whom the king had commanded to be brought forth, that he might be slain.
To thine own confusion for it will be a horrible shame and reproach unto thee, that David by his crafty insinuations, and fair pretences, should cheat thee of thy kingdom. To the confusion of thy mother’ s nakedness; men will conclude, that thy mother was a whore, and thou a bastard; and that thou hast no royal blood in thy veins, that canst so tamely give up thy crown to so contemptible a person.
Haydock -> 1Sa 20:30
Haydock: 1Sa 20:30 - -- A man. Hebrew, "of an unjust revolt." Thou hast taken part against thy father. (Calmet) ---
Protestants, "son of the perverse rebellious woman. ...
A man. Hebrew, "of an unjust revolt." Thou hast taken part against thy father. (Calmet) ---
Protestants, "son of the perverse rebellious woman. " Septuagint, "of the fugitive, (Haydock) or of those girls who go in quest of men." We must not suppose that Jonathan's mother was really of this description. Saul, in rage, wishes to affront his son, (Calmet) as some frantic parents call their children bastards, not reflecting that the reproach would fall upon themselves. ---
Isai, as he styles him out of contempt, ver. 27. ---
Mother. Hebrew, &c., "of thy mother's nakedness or shame." (Menochius) ---
Instead of a crown, thou must expect ot be reduced to a private station, to the disgrace of my family. (Haydock)
Gill -> 1Sa 20:30
Gill: 1Sa 20:30 - -- Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan,.... For giving David leave to go, and for excusing him in this manner:
and he said unto him, thou s...
Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan,.... For giving David leave to go, and for excusing him in this manner:
and he said unto him, thou son of the perverse and rebellious woman; most of the Jewish commentators supply it as we do, but the supplement of woman may as well be left out, and be read, "thou son of perverse rebellion" f; thou perverse and rebellious wretch, perverse in thy temper, and rebellious in thy conduct; for the design of the expression is not to reproach his mother, for which there seems no provocation, but Jonathan only; and the next clause confirms it, which expresses a concern for his mother's honour and credit; the Targum is,"an obstinate son, whose rebellion is hard,''or intolerable; according to which, Abarbinel says, it may refer to David:
do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness? The above writer observes, that he does not say to his own confusion, because David would not reign in his lifetime, only after his death, but to the shame of Jonathan and his mother; to Jonathan's shame, who would be reckoned by men an arrant fool, to be so friendly to a rival, and who in all probability would jostle him out of the throne; and what would men say of him? that either he was not fit to reign, or had no right to the throne, that a son-in-law took place before him; and that his mother had played the whore, and he was no son of Saul, having nothing of his genius, temper, and disposition in him, as appeared by loving such his father hated; and besides, his mother would not have the honour she expected, to be the mother of a king.

expand allCommentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes: 1Sa 20:30 Heb “son of a perverse woman of rebelliousness.” But such an overly literal and domesticated translation of the Hebrew expression fails to...
Geneva Bible -> 1Sa 20:30
Geneva Bible: 1Sa 20:30 Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou ( o ) son of the perverse rebellious [woman], do not I know that thou hast ...

expand allCommentary -- Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis -> 1Sa 20:1-42
TSK Synopsis: 1Sa 20:1-42 - --1 David consults with Jonathan for his safety.11 Jonathan and David renew their covenant by oath.18 Jonathan's token to David.24 Saul, missing David, ...
MHCC -> 1Sa 20:24-34
MHCC: 1Sa 20:24-34 - --None were more constant than David in attending holy duties; nor had he been absent, but self-preservation obliged him to withdraw. In great peril pre...
Matthew Henry -> 1Sa 20:24-34
Matthew Henry: 1Sa 20:24-34 - -- Jonathan is here effectually convinced of that which he was so loth to believe, that his father had an implacable enmity to David, and would certain...
Keil-Delitzsch -> 1Sa 20:24-34
Keil-Delitzsch: 1Sa 20:24-34 - --
David thereupon concealed himself in the field, whilst Jonathan, as agreedupon, endeavoured to apologize for his absence from the king's table.
1S...
Constable: 1Sa 16:1--31:13 - --IV. SAUL AND DAVID 1 Sam. 16--31
The basic theme in Samuel, that blessing, and in particular fertility of all ki...

Constable: 1Sa 20:1-42 - --2. Jonathan's advocacy for David ch. 20
This chapter records Jonathan's last attempt to reconcil...
