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Text -- 1 Chronicles 23:1-3 (NET)

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Context
David Organizes the Levites
23:1 When David was old and approaching the end of his life, he made his son Solomon king over Israel. 23:2 David assembled all the leaders of Israel, along with the priests and the Levites. 23:3 The Levites who were thirty years old and up were counted; there were 38,000 men.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · David a son of Jesse of Judah; king of Israel,son of Jesse of Judah; king of Israel
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Levites relating to Levi and the priesthood given to him,a tribal name describing people and ceremonies as sacred
 · Solomon the tenth son of David; the father of Rehoboam; an ancestor of Jesus; the third king of Israel.,son of David and Bath-Sheba; successor of King David


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Zacharias | Worship | TEMPLE, B | Solomon | PRIESTS AND LEVITES | POLL | Music | Levites | Golgotha | GENEALOGY, 8 part 2 | EZEKIEL, 2 | David | Church and State | CHRONICLES, BOOKS OF | AGE; OLD AGE | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Wesley , JFB , Clarke , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable , Guzik

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Wesley: 1Ch 23:2 - -- _To declare God's mind and his own will, that Solomon should be his successor: and to acquaint them with those directions which he had received from G...

_To declare God's mind and his own will, that Solomon should be his successor: and to acquaint them with those directions which he had received from God by the spirit.

Wesley: 1Ch 23:3 - -- Not only 'till fifty, as it was appointed, Num 4:2-3, but even 'till their death: for that was but a temporary law grounded upon a special reason, bec...

Not only 'till fifty, as it was appointed, Num 4:2-3, but even 'till their death: for that was but a temporary law grounded upon a special reason, because the Levites were employed in carrying the tabernacle and sacred vessels from place to place; and therefore God would have them freed from those burdens when they came to feel the infirmities of age: which reason wholly ceasing upon the building of the temple, their work being far easier than it had been, and their service being more a privilege than a burden, their time of service is justly prolonged.

JFB: 1Ch 23:1 - -- This brief statement, which comprises the substance of 1Ki. 1:32-48, is made here solely to introduce an account of the preparations carried on by Dav...

This brief statement, which comprises the substance of 1Ki. 1:32-48, is made here solely to introduce an account of the preparations carried on by David during the latter years of his life for providing a national place of worship.

JFB: 1Ch 23:2 - -- All important measures relating to the public interest were submitted for consideration to a general assembly of the representatives of the tribes (1C...

All important measures relating to the public interest were submitted for consideration to a general assembly of the representatives of the tribes (1Ch 13:1; 1Ch 15:25; 1Ch 22:17; 1Ch. 26:1-32).

JFB: 1Ch 23:3 - -- Four times their number at the early census taken by Moses (see on Num. 4:1-49; Num. 26:1-51). It was, in all likelihood, this vast increase that sugg...

Four times their number at the early census taken by Moses (see on Num. 4:1-49; Num. 26:1-51). It was, in all likelihood, this vast increase that suggested and rendered expedient that classification, made in the last year of David's reign, which the present and three subsequent chapters describe.

JFB: 1Ch 23:3 - -- Women and children were not included.

Women and children were not included.

Clarke: 1Ch 23:1 - -- David was old and full of days - On the phrase full of days, see the note on Gen 25:8.

David was old and full of days - On the phrase full of days, see the note on Gen 25:8.

Clarke: 1Ch 23:3 - -- Thirty years and upward - The enumeration of the Levites made in the desert, Num 4:3, was from thirty years upwards to fifty years. In this place, t...

Thirty years and upward - The enumeration of the Levites made in the desert, Num 4:3, was from thirty years upwards to fifty years. In this place, the latter limit is not mentioned, probably because the service was not so laborious now; for the ark being fixed they had no longer any heavy burdens to carry, and therefore even an old man might continue to serve the tabernacle. David made another ordinance afterwards; see on 1Ch 23:24-27 (note).

TSK: 1Ch 23:1 - -- am 2989, bc 1015, An, Ex, Is, 476 old : 1Ch 29:28; Gen 25:8, Gen 35:29; 1Ki 1:1; Job 5:26 he made : 1Ch 28:5, 1Ch 29:22-25; 1Ki 1:33-39

am 2989, bc 1015, An, Ex, Is, 476

old : 1Ch 29:28; Gen 25:8, Gen 35:29; 1Ki 1:1; Job 5:26

he made : 1Ch 28:5, 1Ch 29:22-25; 1Ki 1:33-39

TSK: 1Ch 23:2 - -- he gathered : 1Ch 13:1, 1Ch 28:1; Jos 23:2, Jos 24:1; 2Ch 34:29, 2Ch 34:30

TSK: 1Ch 23:3 - -- the Levites : Num 4:2, Num 4:3, Num 4:23, Num 4:30, Num 4:35, Num 4:43, Num 4:47 thirty and eight : Num 4:48

the Levites : Num 4:2, Num 4:3, Num 4:23, Num 4:30, Num 4:35, Num 4:43, Num 4:47

thirty and eight : Num 4:48

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: 1Ch 23:1 - -- See the marginal references and notes. 1Ch 23:28-32 give the most complete account in Scripture of the nature of the Levitical office.

See the marginal references and notes. 1Ch 23:28-32 give the most complete account in Scripture of the nature of the Levitical office.

Poole: 1Ch 23:2 - -- Partly to declare God’ s mind and his own will, that Solomon should be his successor; and so to cut off the claims and pretences which others o...

Partly to declare God’ s mind and his own will, that Solomon should be his successor; and so to cut off the claims and pretences which others of his sons might make to the crown; and partly to acquaint them with those directions which he had received from God by the Spirit, as appears from 1Ch 28:11 , &c., concerning the establishment of a new order and method in the ministration of the priests and Levites in the temple.

Poole: 1Ch 23:3 - -- From the age of thirty years and upward not only till fifty, as it was appointed, Num 4:2,3 , but even till their death; for that was but a temporary...

From the age of thirty years and upward not only till fifty, as it was appointed, Num 4:2,3 , but even till their death; for that was but a temporary law grounded upon a special reason, because the Levites were employed in carrying the tabernacle and sacred vessels from place to place; and therefore God would have them freed from those burdens when they came to feel the infirmities of age; which reason wholly ceasing upon the building of the temple, and their work being far easier than it had been, and their service being more a privilege than a burden, their time of service is justly and fitly prolonged.

Haydock: 1Ch 23:1 - -- Full, satisfied, in the last year of his reign, and the 70th of his age. (Du Hamel) --- Cur non ut plenus vitæ conviva recedit? (Lucretius iii....

Full, satisfied, in the last year of his reign, and the 70th of his age. (Du Hamel) ---

Cur non ut plenus vitæ conviva recedit? (Lucretius iii.) ---

Israel. This example was much followed by succeeding kings. (Calmet) ---

Yet this is controverted. (Houbigant) (Haydock)

Haydock: 1Ch 23:2 - -- Princes, heads of families, or officers of the army, chap. xxv. 1. (Menochius)

Princes, heads of families, or officers of the army, chap. xxv. 1. (Menochius)

Haydock: 1Ch 23:3 - -- Numbered at the same time, when David caused his son to be crowned, and made these fresh regulations, ver. 27., and chap. xxvi. 31. --- Upwards, ac...

Numbered at the same time, when David caused his son to be crowned, and made these fresh regulations, ver. 27., and chap. xxvi. 31. ---

Upwards, according to the plan given by Moses. David afterwards ordered people of twenty years of age, to begin to serve in the tabernacle, as it was now fixed, and consequently the labours were diminished. This tended to augment the splendour of the religious worship, and to edify the people, who could not attend so constantly, in person.

Gill: 1Ch 23:1 - -- So when David was old and full of days,.... Perhaps was now in the last year of his age, about seventy years old, though before he was bedridden; see ...

So when David was old and full of days,.... Perhaps was now in the last year of his age, about seventy years old, though before he was bedridden; see 1Ch 28:2,

he made Solomon his son king over Israel; declared him to be his successor; this was before the affair of Adonijah, for then he ordered him to be anointed king, and placed on the throne; and this aggravated the rebellion of Adonijah, that it was against the declared and known will of his father.

Gill: 1Ch 23:2 - -- And he gathered together all the princes of Israel,.... Ordered them to be assembled, partly to acquaint them with his will and pleasure, that Solomon...

And he gathered together all the princes of Israel,.... Ordered them to be assembled, partly to acquaint them with his will and pleasure, that Solomon should succeed him in the kingdom; and partly to settle the order of the work and service of the temple; and therefore these were convened

with the priests and Levites; to assign to them their respective places and offices.

Gill: 1Ch 23:3 - -- Now the Levites were numbered from the age of thirty years, and upward,.... So they were numbered in the days of Moses, and by his order, and so they ...

Now the Levites were numbered from the age of thirty years, and upward,.... So they were numbered in the days of Moses, and by his order, and so they were now at first; though afterwards there was a new reckoning of them, 1Ch 23:24.

and their number by their posts; or, according to their heads:

man by man, was thirty and eight thousand; which vastly exceeds the number in the times of Moses; see Num 4:47, but then those above fifty years of age were not numbered, as they now might; since their work in the temple would be much more easy, no burdens to carry, as the ark, the vessels, &c.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Ch 23:1 Heb “and full of years.”

NET Notes: 1Ch 23:2 Heb “he”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: 1Ch 23:3 Heb “and their number by their heads, by men, was 38,000.”

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: 1Ch 23:1-32 - --1 David in his old age makes Solomon king.2 The number and distribution of the Levites.7 The families of the Gershonites.12 The sons of Kohath.21 The ...

MHCC: 1Ch 23:1-23 - --David, having given charge concerning the building of the temple, settles the method of the temple service, and orders the officers of it. When those ...

Matthew Henry: 1Ch 23:1-23 - -- Here we have, I. The crown entailed, according to the divine appointment, 1Ch 23:1. David made Solomon king, not to reign with him, or reign under h...

Keil-Delitzsch: 1Ch 23:1 - -- Number, duties, and fathers'-houses of the Levites . - This clear account of the state and the order of service of the tribe of Levi is introduced ...

Keil-Delitzsch: 1Ch 23:2-5 - -- Numbering of the Levites, and partition of their duties . - 1Ch 23:2. For this purpose David collected "all the princes of Israel, and the priests ...

Constable: 1Ch 10:1--29:30 - --II. THE REIGN OF DAVID chs. 10--29 In all of Chronicles the writer assumed his readers' acquaintance with the ot...

Constable: 1Ch 17:1--29:30 - --E. God's Covenant Promises to David chs. 17-29 The dominating theme in 1 Chronicles is the Davidic Coven...

Constable: 1Ch 22:1--27:34 - --2. The second account of God's promises to David chs. 22-27 In this section of chapters we have ...

Constable: 1Ch 23:1--26:32 - --Preparations for temple service chs. 23-26 Verses 1 and 2 of chapter 23 provide an outli...

Guzik: 1Ch 23:1-32 - --1 Chronicles 23 - New Duties for the Levites A. The groupings of the Levites. 1. (1-2) David passes the kingdom to Solomon. So when David was old ...

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Introduction / Outline

JFB: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) THE FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF CHRONICLES were also considered as one by the ancient Jews, who called them "words of days," that is, diaries or journal...

JFB: 1 Chronicles (Outline) ADAM'S LINE TO NOAH. (1Ch. 1:1-23) SHEM'S LINE TO ABRAHAM. (1Ch 1:24-28) SONS OF ISHMAEL. (1Ch 1:29-31) SONS OF KETURAH. (1Ch 1:32-33) POSTERITY OF A...

TSK: 1 Chronicles 23 (Chapter Introduction) Overview 1Ch 23:1, David in his old age makes Solomon king; 1Ch 23:2, The number and distribution of the Levites; 1Ch 23:7, The families of the Ge...

Poole: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) FIRST BOOK OF THE CHRONICLES THE ARGUMENT THESE Books of the CHRONICLES are not the same which are so called, 1Ki 14:19 , and elsewhere, (because...

Poole: 1 Chronicles 23 (Chapter Introduction) CHRONICLES CHAPTER 23 David maketh Solomon king, 1Ch 23:1 . The number and distribution of the Levites, according to their families, 1Ch 23:2-23 . ...

MHCC: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) The books of Chronicles are, in a great measure, repetitions of what is in the books of Samuel and of the Kings, yet there are some excellent useful t...

MHCC: 1 Chronicles 23 (Chapter Introduction) (v. 1-23) David declares Solomon his successor. (1Ch 23:24-32) The office of the Levites.

Matthew Henry: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The First Book of Chronicles In common things repetition is thought needless and nauseous; but, in sacr...

Matthew Henry: 1 Chronicles 23 (Chapter Introduction) David, having given charge concerning the building of the temple, in this and the following chapters settles the method of the temple-service and p...

Constable: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The earliest Hebrew title for the Books of Chronicles translates as...

Constable: 1 Chronicles (Outline) Outline I. Israel's historical roots chs. 1-9 A. The lineage of David chs. 1-3 ...

Constable: 1 Chronicles 1 Chronicles Bibliography Ackroyd, Peter R. I and II Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah. London: SCM Press, 1973. ...

Haydock: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) THE FIRST BOOK OF PARALIPOMENON. INTRODUCTION. These Books are called by the Greek Interpreters, Paralipomenon; ( Greek: Paraleipomenon, ) tha...

Gill: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 1 CHRONICLES This and the following book were reckoned by the Jews as one book, as appears by the Masoretic note at the end of the ...

Gill: 1 Chronicles 23 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 1 CHRONICLES 23 In this chapter David makes Solomon king, 1Ch 23:1, calls together the princes, priests, and Levites, numbers the l...

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