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Text -- 1 Kings 21:1 (NET)

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Context
Ahab Murders Naboth
21:1 After this the following episode took place. Naboth the Jezreelite owned a vineyard in Jezreel adjacent to the palace of King Ahab of Samaria.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Ahab son and successor of Omri, king of Israel,son of Kolaiah; a false prophet in the time of King Zedekiah
 · Jezreel a resident of the town or region of Jezreel
 · Jezreelite a resident of the town or region of Jezreel
 · Naboth a man of Jezreel who had a vineyard near Ahab's palace
 · Samaria residents of the district of Samaria


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Women | Wife | Stoning | Rulers | Palace | PUNISHMENTS | PALESTINE, 2 | Naboth | LAPPIDOTH | King | Jezreel | JUDGE | JEZREELITE | JEZEBEL | Indictments | HARD; HARDINESS; HARDDINESS; HARDLY | Grape | GOVERNMENT | ELIJAH | Ahab | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
JFB , Clarke , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , PBC , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable , Guzik

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

JFB: 1Ki 21:1-3 - -- Ahab was desirous, from its contiguity to the palace, to possess it for a vegetable garden. He proposed to Naboth to give him a better in exchange, or...

Ahab was desirous, from its contiguity to the palace, to possess it for a vegetable garden. He proposed to Naboth to give him a better in exchange, or to obtain it by purchase; but the owner declined to part with it. In persisting in his refusal, Naboth was not actuated by any feelings of disloyalty or disrespect to the king, but solely from a conscientious regard to the divine law, which, for important reasons, had prohibited the sale of a paternal inheritance [Lev 25:23; Num 36:7]; or if, through extreme poverty or debt, an assignation of it to another was unavoidable, the conveyance was made on the condition of its being redeemable at any time [Lev 25:25-27]; at all events, of its reverting at the jubilee to the owner [Lev 25:28]. In short, it could not be alienated from the family, and it was on this ground that Naboth (1Ki 21:3) refused to comply with the king's demand. It was not, therefore, any rudeness or disrespect that made Ahab heavy and displeased, but his sulky and pettish demeanor betrays a spirit of selfishness that could not brook to be disappointed of a favorite object, and that would have pushed him into lawless tyranny had he possessed any natural force of character.

Clarke: 1Ki 21:1 - -- After these things - This and the twentieth chapter are transposed in the Septuagint; this preceding the account of the Syrian war with Ben-hadad. J...

After these things - This and the twentieth chapter are transposed in the Septuagint; this preceding the account of the Syrian war with Ben-hadad. Josephus gives the history in the same order.

TSK: 1Ki 21:1 - -- am 3105, bc 899 after : 1Ki 20:35-43; 2Ch 28:22; Ezr 9:13, Ezr 9:14; Isa 9:13; Jer 5:3 Jezreel : 1Ki 18:45; Jos 19:18; Jdg 6:33; 1Sa 29:1; Hos 1:4, Ho...

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: 1Ki 21:1 - -- A vineyard ... in Jezreel - The name Jezreel is applied in Scripture, not merely to the town 1Ki 18:46, but also to the valley or plain which l...

A vineyard ... in Jezreel - The name Jezreel is applied in Scripture, not merely to the town 1Ki 18:46, but also to the valley or plain which lies below it, between Mount Gilboa and Little Hermon (2Sa 2:9; 2Ki 9:10; Hos 1:5; etc.).

The palace of Ahab at Jezreel was on the eastern side of the city, looking toward the Jordan down the valley above described. It abutted on the town wall 2Ki 9:30-31. Immediately below it was a dry moat. Beyond, in the valley, either adjoining the moat, or at any rate at no great distance, was the plot of ground belonging to Naboth 2Ki 9:21.

Poole: 1Ki 21:1 - -- In Jezreel where one of Ahab’ s palaces was, as the other was in Samaria.

In Jezreel where one of Ahab’ s palaces was, as the other was in Samaria.

PBC: 1Ki 21:1 - -- Ahab was a very wicked king of Israel and had done many things to provoke God to holy wrath. He crowned his wicked deeds by causing the unjust death o...

Ahab was a very wicked king of Israel and had done many things to provoke God to holy wrath. He crowned his wicked deeds by causing the unjust death of righteous Naboth, so that the wicked monarch could have his vineyard. The Lord sent His prophet, Elijah, to pronounce judgment on Ahab. He told him that the dogs would lick his blood in the same place where they had licked Naboth’s blood.

Time passed and Ahab, like many wicked men, may have thought that God had forgotten His judgment. Ahab prepared to go to battle against Syria and he asked the King of Judah, Jehoshaphat, to go to battle with him. Jehoshaphat wanted to inquire from the prophets of the Lord as to whether or not they should go to battle. Four hundred prophets told them to go on and they would have victory. Jehoshaphat was not satisfied and they called for the only one who proved to be a true prophet, Micaiah. Micaiah told them of a very strange vision that the Lord had allowed him to see. Some lying spirits had been allowed by the Lord to go and influence those false prophets so that they would lie about the situation. This does not make God a liar, nor does it make Him the author of a lie. The father of lies is the Devil, as one can learn from Joh 8:1-59. It does mean that God used the lying spirits and the lying prophets to get Ahab to go to battle. God had determined that Ahab would fall in battle that day.

Look at God’s awesome control of events as Ahab did fall in battle. The wicked king had taken every precaution to protect himself. He had disguised himself so as not to be a prominent target. However, "a certain man drew a bow at a venture, and smote the king of Israel between the joints of the harness." Now, dear friends, that man drew a bow at a venture as far as he was concerned. He did not even aim. He shot an arrow in the air. Look, however, at God’s complete and minute control of this event. God controlled the archer’s nerve impulses and muscular contractions, the angle of elevation of the bow, the direction and velocity of the wind, the direction and speed of Ahab’s chariot, and a myriad of minute details! Is our God truly awesome or is He not? The arrow went into the only place where it could have penetrated Ahab’s armor and struck its target. Ahab died when, where, and how God had determined that he would. God used lying spirits, sin, and sinful men to carry out his purposes, but He cannot be charged with their sin.

See PBtop: GOD IS SOVEREIGN

Haydock: 1Ki 21:1 - -- Who was. Hebrew, Chaldean, &c., place this after vineyard, and read which, referring it to the ground; which we might naturally suppose would be...

Who was. Hebrew, Chaldean, &c., place this after vineyard, and read which, referring it to the ground; which we might naturally suppose would be the place of Naboth's nativity, as it was his parental estate, 4 Kings ix. 21. Josephus calls the place Azari, and says it was a field contiguous to the king's palace. Septuagint Greek: alo, "threshing-floor."

Gill: 1Ki 21:1 - -- And it came to pass, after these things,.... After the two battles with the king of Syria, in which Ahab was victorious, and after he had let Benhadad...

And it came to pass, after these things,.... After the two battles with the king of Syria, in which Ahab was victorious, and after he had let Benhadad, a blasphemer, and injurious to him, go free:

that Naboth the Jezreelite had a vineyard, which was in Jezreel; of which place See Gill on Hos 1:5 or "who was in Jezreel"; that is Naboth, for the vineyard was in Samaria, 1Ki 21:18.

hard by the palace of Ahab king of Samaria; that being the metropolis of the kingdom of Israel, is put for it, who, besides his palace in Samaria, had another in Jezreel; which, according to Bunting y, were sixteen miles distant from each other.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Ki 21:1 For location see Map2 B1; Map4 D3; Map5 E2; Map6 A4; Map7 C1.

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: 1Ki 21:1-29 - --1 Ahab being denied Naboth's vineyard, is grieved.5 Jezebel writing letters against Naboth, he is condemned of blasphemy.15 Ahab take possession of th...

MHCC: 1Ki 21:1-4 - --Naboth, perhaps, had been pleased that he had a vineyard situated so near the palace, but the situation proved fatal to him; many a man's possessions ...

Matthew Henry: 1Ki 21:1-4 - -- Here is, 1. Ahab coveting his neighbour's vineyard, which unhappily lay near his palace and conveniently for a kitchen-garden. Perhaps Naboth had be...

Keil-Delitzsch: 1Ki 21:1-15 - -- After these events Ahab was seized with such a desire for a vineyard which was situated near his palace at Jezreel, that when Naboth, the owner of t...

Constable: 1Ki 16:29--22:41 - --1. Ahab's evil reign in Israel 16:29-22:40 Ahab ruled Israel from Samaria for 22 years (874-853 ...

Constable: 1Ki 21:1-16 - --Ahab's disregard for Yahweh's authority 21:1-16 Even though Jezebel was behind the murde...

Guzik: 1Ki 21:1-29 - --1 Kings 21 - The Murder of Naboth A. Naboth is murdered for his vineyard. 1. (1-3) Naboth refuses to give up his land. And it came to pass after t...

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Introduction / Outline

JFB: 1 Kings (Book Introduction) THE FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF KINGS, in the ancient copies of the Hebrew Bible, constitute one book. Various titles have been given them; in the Septu...

JFB: 1 Kings (Outline) ABISHAG CHERISHES DAVID IN HIS EXTREME AGE. (1Ki 1:1-4) ADONIJAH USURPS THE KINGDOM. (1Ki. 1:5-31) SOLOMON, BY DAVID'S APPOINTMENT, IS ANOINTED KING....

TSK: 1 Kings 21 (Chapter Introduction) Overview 1Ki 21:1, Ahab being denied Naboth’s vineyard, is grieved; 1Ki 21:5, Jezebel writing letters against Naboth, he is condemned of blasphe...

Poole: 1 Kings (Book Introduction) FIRST BOOK OF KINGS COMMONLY CALLED THE THIRD BOOK OF THE KINGS THE ARGUMENT THESE two Books called Of the Kings, because they treat of the kings of...

Poole: 1 Kings 21 (Chapter Introduction) KINGS CHAPTER 21 Ahab coveteth to buy Naboth’ s vineyard; which is denied him, and he is grieved, 1Ki 21:1-4 . Jezebel writeth letters against...

MHCC: 1 Kings (Book Introduction) The history now before us accounts for the affairs of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel, yet with special regard to the kingdom of God among them; for ...

MHCC: 1 Kings 21 (Chapter Introduction) (1Ki 21:1-4) Ahab covets Naboth's vineyard. (1Ki 21:5-16) Naboth murdered by Jezebel. (1Ki 21:17-29) Elijah denounces judgments against Ahab.

Matthew Henry: 1 Kings (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The First Book of Kings Many histories are books of kings and their reigns, to which the affairs of the...

Matthew Henry: 1 Kings 21 (Chapter Introduction) Ahab is still the unhappy subject of the sacred history; from the great affairs of his camp and kingdom this chapter leads us into his garden, and ...

Constable: 1 Kings (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The Books of 1 and 2 Kings received their names because they docume...

Constable: 1 Kings (Outline) Outline I. The reign of Solomon chs. 1-11 A. Solomon's succession to David's throne 1:1-2:12...

Constable: 1 Kings 1 Kings Bibliography Aharoni, Yohanan. "The Building Activities of David and Solomon." Israel Exploration Journ...

Haydock: 1 Kings (Book Introduction) THE THIRD BOOK OF KINGS. INTRODUCTION. This and the following Book are called by the holy Fathers, The Third and Fourth Book of Kings; but b...

Gill: 1 Kings (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 1 KINGS This, and the following book, properly are but one book, divided into two parts, and went with the Jews under the common na...

Gill: 1 Kings 21 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 1 KINGS 21 In this chapter we have an account of Ahab's design to have Naboth's vineyard, for which he offered him another, or the ...

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