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Text -- Deuteronomy 25:8 (NET)

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Context
25:8 Then the elders of his city must summon him and speak to him. If he persists, saying, “I don’t want to marry her,”
Parallel   Cross Reference (TSK)   ITL  

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Dictionary Themes and Topics: Widow | SAUL | RELATIONSHIPS, FAMILY | Moses | Marriage | Levirate Law | LIKE; LIKEN; LIKENESS; LIKING | LAW OF MOSES | LAW IN THE OLD TESTAMENT | Inheritance | HUSBAND'S BROTHER | HEIR | Government | Brother | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
JFB , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes


Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable , Guzik

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

JFB: Deu 25:5-10 - -- This usage existed before the age of Moses (Gen 38:8). But the Mosaic law rendered the custom obligatory (Mat 22:25) on younger brothers, or the neare...

This usage existed before the age of Moses (Gen 38:8). But the Mosaic law rendered the custom obligatory (Mat 22:25) on younger brothers, or the nearest kinsman, to marry the widow (Rth 4:4), by associating the natural desire of perpetuating a brother's name with the preservation of property in the Hebrew families and tribes. If the younger brother declined to comply with the law, the widow brought her claim before the authorities of the place at a public assembly (the gate of the city); and he having declared his refusal, she was ordered to loose the thong of his shoe--a sign of degradation--following up that act by spitting on the ground-- the strongest expression of ignominy and contempt among Eastern people. The shoe was kept by the magistrate as an evidence of the transaction, and the parties separated.

TSK: Deu 25:8 - -- I like not : Rth 4:6

I like not : Rth 4:6

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Deu 25:5-10 - -- The law of levirate marriage. The law on this subject is not unique to the Jews, but is found (see Gen 38:8) in all essential respects the same amon...

The law of levirate marriage. The law on this subject is not unique to the Jews, but is found (see Gen 38:8) in all essential respects the same among various Oriental nations, ancient and modern. The rules in these verses, like those upon divorce, do but incorporate existing immemorial usages, and introduce various wise and politic limitations and mitigations of them. The root of the obligation here imposed upon the brother of the deceased husband lies in the primitive idea of childlessness being a great calamity (compare Gen 16:4; and note), and extinction of name and family one of the greatest that could happen (compare Deu 9:14; Psa 109:12-15). To avert this the ordinary rules as to intermarriage are in the case in question (compare Lev 18:16) set aside. The obligation was onerous (compare Rth 4:6), and might be repugnant; and it is accordingly considerably reduced and restricted by Moses. The duty is recognized as one of affection for the memory of the deceased; it is not one which could be enforced at law. That it continued down to the Christian era is apparent from the question on this point put to Jesus by the Sadducees (see the marginal references).

Deu 25:5

No child - literally, "no son."The existence of a daughter would clearly suffice. The daughter would inherit the name and property of the father; compare Num 27:1-11.

Deu 25:9

Loose his shoe from off his foot - In token of taking from the unwilling brother all right over the wife and property of the deceased. Planting the foot on a thing was an usual symbol of lordship and of taking possession (compare Gen 13:17; Jos 10:24), and loosing the shoe and handing it to another in like manner signified a renunciation and transfer of right and title (compare Rth 4:7-8; Psa 60:8, and Psa 108:9). The widow here is directed herself, as the party slighted and injured, to deprive her brother-law of his shoe, and spit in his face (compare Num 12:14). The action was intended to aggravate the disgrace conceived to attach to the conduct of the man.

Deu 25:10

The house ... - Equivalent to "the house of the barefooted one."To go barefoot was a sign of the most abject condition; compare 2Sa 15:30.

Poole: Deu 25:8 - -- Speak unto him to convince him of the duty, and persuade him to it. If he stand to it if he obstinately refuse it.

Speak unto him to convince him of the duty, and persuade him to it.

If he stand to it if he obstinately refuse it.

Gill: Deu 25:8 - -- Then the elders of his city shall call him,.... Require him to come, before them, and declare his resolution, and the reasons for it; recite this law ...

Then the elders of his city shall call him,.... Require him to come, before them, and declare his resolution, and the reasons for it; recite this law to him, and explain the nature of it, and exhort him to comply with it, or show reason why he does not, at least to have his final resolution upon it:

and speak unto him; talk with him upon this subject, and give him their best advice; and what that was Maimonides o more particularly informs us; if it is good and advisable to marry, they advise him to marry; but if it is better advice to pluck off the shoe, they give it; as when she is young and he is old, or she is old and he young, they advise him to allow the shoe to be plucked off:

and if he stand to it: and say, I like not to take her; if, after all the conversation, debate, and counsel between them, he is resolute, and abides by his first determination, that he will not marry her, then the following method was to be taken.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Deu 25:1-19 - --1 Stripes must not exceed forty.4 The ox is not to be muzzled.5 Of raising seed unto a brother.11 Of the immodest woman.13 Of unjust weights and measu...

MHCC: Deu 25:5-12 - --The custom here regulated seems to have been in the Jewish law in order to keep inheritances distinct; now it is unlawful.

Matthew Henry: Deu 25:5-12 - -- Here is, I. The law settled concerning the marrying of the brother's widow. It appears from the story of Judah's family that this had been an ancien...

Keil-Delitzsch: Deu 25:5-10 - -- On Levirate Marriages. - Deu 25:5, Deu 25:6. If brothers lived together, and one of them died childless, the wife of the deceased was not to be marr...

Constable: Deu 5:1--26:19 - --IV. MOSES' SECOND MAJOR ADDRESS: AN EXPOSITION OF THE LAW chs. 5--26 ". . . Deuteronomy contains the most compre...

Constable: Deu 12:1--25:19 - --B. An exposition of selected covenant laws 12-25 Moses' homiletical exposition of the law of Israel that...

Constable: Deu 24:8--26:1 - --9. Laws arising from the ninth commandment 24:8-25:19 The ninth commandment is, "You shall not b...

Constable: Deu 25:5-19 - --10. Laws arising from the tenth commandment 25:5-19 The tenth commandment is, "You shall not cov...

Constable: Deu 25:5-10 - --Selfishness in levirite marriage 25:5-10 The purpose of the levirate marriage ordinance ...

Guzik: Deu 25:1-19 - --Deuteronomy 25 - More Laws on Various Subjects A. Two laws to protect criminals and animals. 1. (1-3) A limit on corporal punishment. If there is ...

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Introduction / Outline

JFB: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) DEUTERONOMY, the second law, a title which plainly shows what is the object of this book, namely, a recapitulation of the law. It was given in the for...

JFB: Deuteronomy (Outline) MOSES' SPEECH AT THE END OF THE FORTIETH YEAR. (Deu. 1:1-46) THE STORY IS CONTINUED. (Deu. 2:1-37) CONQUEST OF OG, KING OF BASHAN. (Deu. 3:1-20) AN E...

TSK: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) The book of Deuteronomy marks the end of the Pentateuch, commonly called the Law of Moses; a work every way worthy of God its author, and only less th...

TSK: Deuteronomy 25 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Deu 25:1, Stripes must not exceed forty; Deu 25:4, The ox is not to be muzzled; Deu 25:5, Of raising seed unto a brother; Deu 25:11, Of t...

Poole: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) FIFTH BOOK of MOSES, CALLED DEUTERONOMY THE ARGUMENT Moses, in the two last months of his life, rehearseth what God had done for them, and their ...

Poole: Deuteronomy 25 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 25 Judges must do justly, Deu 25:1,2 . Stripes not to exceed forty, Deu 25:3 . The threshing ox not to be muzzled, Deu 25:4 . The duty of r...

MHCC: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) This book repeats much of the history and of the laws contained in the three foregoing books: Moses delivered it to Israel a little before his death, ...

MHCC: Deuteronomy 25 (Chapter Introduction) (Deu 25:1-3) Extent of punishment. (Deu 25:4) The ox that treadeth the corn. (Deu 25:5-12) Marriage of a brother's wife. (Deu 25:13-16) Of unjust w...

Matthew Henry: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Fifth Book of Moses, Called Deuteronomy This book is a repetition of very much both of the history ...

Matthew Henry: Deuteronomy 25 (Chapter Introduction) Here is, I. A law to moderate the scourging of malefactors (Deu 25:1-3). II. A law in favour of the ox the treads out the corn (Deu 25:4). III. ...

Constable: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The title of this book in the Hebrew Bible was its first two words,...

Constable: Deuteronomy (Outline) Outline I. Introduction: the covenant setting 1:1-5 II. Moses' first major address: a review...

Constable: Deuteronomy Deuteronomy Bibliography Adams, Jay. Marriage, Divorce and Remarriage in the Bible. Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyt...

Haydock: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION. THE BOOK OF DEUTERONOMY. This Book is called Deuteronomy, which signifies a second law , because it repeats and inculcates the ...

Gill: Deuteronomy (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY This book is sometimes called "Elleh hadebarim", from the words with which it begins; and sometimes by the Jews "Mishne...

Gill: Deuteronomy 25 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 25 Several laws are contained in this chapter, as concerning beating such whose crimes required it, Deu 25:1; of not mu...

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