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Text -- Esther 10:3 (NET)

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Context
10:3 Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Ahasuerus. He was the highest-ranking Jew, and he was admired by his numerous relatives. He worked enthusiastically for the good of his people and was an advocate for the welfare of all his descendants.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Ahasuerus king of Persia after Darius
 · Jew the people descended from Israel
 · Mordecai a leader among those who returned from exile with Zerubbabel,son of Jair of Benjamin; cousin and guardian of Queen Esther


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Servant | SEED | Peace | Mordecai | Minister | King | ESTHER, THE REST OF | ESTHER, BOOK OF | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
JFB , Clarke , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes , Geneva Bible

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable , Guzik

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

JFB: Est 10:3 - -- The elevation of this pious and patriotic Jew to the possession of the highest official power was of very great importance to the suffering church at ...

The elevation of this pious and patriotic Jew to the possession of the highest official power was of very great importance to the suffering church at that period; for it enabled him, who all along possessed the disposition, now to direct the royal influence and authority in promoting the interests and extending the privileges of his exiled countrymen. Viewed in this light, the providence of God is plainly traceable in all the steps that led to his unexpected advancement. This providential interposition is all the more remarkable, that, as in the analogous case of Joseph, it was displayed in making the ordinary and natural course of things lead to the most marvellous results. To use the pious words of an eminent prelate, "though in the whole of this episode there was no extraordinary manifestation of God's power, no particular cause or agent that was in its working advanced above the ordinary pitch of nature, yet the contrivance, and suiting these ordinary agents appointed by God, is in itself more admirable than if the same end had been effected by means that were truly miraculous." The sudden advancement of individuals from obscurity and neglect to the highest stations of power and influence is, in Eastern courts, no extraordinary nor infrequent occurrence. The caprice, the weak partiality of the reigning sovereign, or, it may be, his penetrating discernment in discovering latent energy and talent, has often "raised the beggar from the dunghill, and set him among princes" [1Sa 2:8]. Some of the all-powerful viziers in modern Persia, and not a few of the beys in Egypt, have been elevated to their respective dignities in this manner. And, therefore, the advancement of "Mordecai, who was next unto Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews," was in perfect accordance with the rapid revolution of "the wheel of fortune" in that part of the world. But, considering all the circumstances of Mordecai's advancement, not only his gaining the favor of the king, but his being "accepted of the multitude of his brethren, it was beyond all controversy the doing of the Lord, and was truly marvellous in his people's eyes."

JFB: Est 10:3 - -- Far from being envious of his grandeur, they blessed God for the elevation to official power of so good a man.

Far from being envious of his grandeur, they blessed God for the elevation to official power of so good a man.

JFB: Est 10:3 - -- While his administration was conducted with a mild and impartial hand, he showed a peculiarly warm and friendly feeling to all his countrymen when ask...

While his administration was conducted with a mild and impartial hand, he showed a peculiarly warm and friendly feeling to all his countrymen when asked his counsel or his aid.

Clarke: Est 10:3 - -- Was next unto king Ahasuerus - He was his prime minister; and, under him, was the governor of the whole empire The Targum is extravagant in its enco...

Was next unto king Ahasuerus - He was his prime minister; and, under him, was the governor of the whole empire

The Targum is extravagant in its encomiums upon Mordecai: "All the kings of the earth feared and trembled before him: he was as resplendent as the evening star among the stars; and was as bright as Aurora beaming forth in the morning; and he was chief of the kings.

Clarke: Est 10:3 - -- Seeking the wealth of his people - Studying to promote the Jewish interest to the utmost of his power

Seeking the wealth of his people - Studying to promote the Jewish interest to the utmost of his power

Clarke: Est 10:3 - -- Speaking peace to all his seed - Endeavoring to settle their prosperity upon such a basis, that it might be for ever permanent. Here the Hebrew text...

Speaking peace to all his seed - Endeavoring to settle their prosperity upon such a basis, that it might be for ever permanent. Here the Hebrew text ends; but in the ancient Vulgate, and in the Greek, ten verses are added to this chapter, and six whole chapters besides, so that the number of chapters in Esther amounts to sixteen. A translation of these may be found in the Apocrypha, bound up with the sacred text, in most of our larger English Bibles. On any part of this work it is not my province to add any comment

This is the last of the historical books of the Old Testament, for from this time to the birth of Christ they had no inspired writers; and the interval of their history must be sought among the apocryphal writers and other historians who have written on Jewish affairs. The most complete supplement to this history will be found in that most excellent work of Dean Prideaux, entitled The Old and New Testaments connected, in the History of the Jews and Neighbouring Nations, from the Declension of the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah to the time of Christ, 4 vols. 8vo. 1725. The editions prior to this date are not so complete

We have already seen what the Feast of Purim means, and why it was instituted; if the reader is desirous of farther information on this subject, he may find it in the works of Buxtorf, Leusden, Stehlin, and Calmet’ s Dictionary, article Pur

TSK: Est 10:3 - -- next unto king : Gen 41:44; 1Sa 23:17; 2Ch 28:7; Dan 5:16, Dan 5:29 accepted : Est 3:2; Rom 14:18 seeking : Neh 2:10; Psa 122:6-9; Rom 9:2, Rom 9:3, R...

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Est 10:3 - -- Mordecai ... was next unto king Ahasuerus - See Est 2:5 note. Artabanus (Est 1:14 note) was favorite toward the end of Xerxes’ reign, i. ...

Mordecai ... was next unto king Ahasuerus - See Est 2:5 note. Artabanus (Est 1:14 note) was favorite toward the end of Xerxes’ reign, i. e. in his 20th and 21st years.

\brdrb \brdrs \brdrw30 \brsp20

Poole: Est 10:3 - -- Accepted of the multitude of his brethren who did not envy his greatness, as men most commonly do in such cases, but rejoiced in it, and blessed God ...

Accepted of the multitude of his brethren who did not envy his greatness, as men most commonly do in such cases, but rejoiced in it, and blessed God for it, and praised and loved him for his right and sweet management of his vast power.

To all his seed or, for all his seed , to wit, the Jews, who were of the same seed and root from which he was descended. He spoke and acted with great kindness and friendliness to them, when they resorted to him upon any occasion.

Haydock: Est 10:3 - -- Seed. Benjamin (Itin.) informs us, that both he and the queen were buried in the chief city of the Medes, which he calls "the great Hamda;" perhaps ...

Seed. Benjamin (Itin.) informs us, that both he and the queen were buried in the chief city of the Medes, which he calls "the great Hamda;" perhaps the province Mardochæa, (or Greek: Amordakai. Ptol. v. 20.) near the Persian gulf, may have been called after this statesman. (Tirinus)

Court, afterwards. (Calmet) ---

He had a dream in the second year. (Houbigant)

After. Greek, "of all kingdoms as a reward, Aman shewed me," &c. Josephus, "the second after me, for his fidelity and confirmed good will." (Calmet) ---

It is a great hurt for a king to be governed by one counsellor, Proverbs xv. 22. (Worthington)

Death. St. Jerome subjoins, I found there "also what follows."

Gill: Est 10:3 - -- For Mordecai the Jew was next unto Ahasuerus,.... The second man in the kingdom, the principal of the counsellors, and prime minister of state: and...

For Mordecai the Jew was next unto Ahasuerus,.... The second man in the kingdom, the principal of the counsellors, and prime minister of state:

and great among the Jews; highly respected by them, in great honour and esteem with them, for which there was great reason:

and accepted of the multitude of his brethren; or of many, of most, of the greatest part of them; for, let a man be ever so deserving, there are some that will envy his greatness, cavil at everything done by him, and speak evil of him without any just reason:

seeking the wealth of his people; their good, their welfare and happiness, temporal and spiritual:

and speaking peace to all his seed; not only to his family, but to all the Jews who were of the same seed with him, the seed of Abraham; either speaking to them in an humble and condescending manner, being very humane, affable, and courteous; or speaking for them to the king, asking of him for them what might conduce to their peace, prosperity, and happiness. No mention is made in this history of the death and burial either of Mordecai or Esther; but the author of Cippi Hebraici says z, that Mordecai was buried in the city of Shushan, and that all the Jews in those parts assemble at his grave on the day of Purim, and sing songs, playing on tabrets and pipes, rejoicing that there was a miracle wrought; and the same writer says a, they do the like at that time at the grave of Esther, half a mile from Tzephat, read this book that bears her name, eat, drink, and rejoice. Benjamin of Tudela says b, they were both buried before a synagogue, at a place called Hamdan.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Est 10:3 A number of additions to the Book of Esther appear in the apocryphal (or deuterocanonical) writings. These additions supply further information about ...

Geneva Bible: Est 10:3 For Mordecai the Jew [was] next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and ( a ) accepted of the multitude of his brethren, seeking the wealth...

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Est 10:1-3 - --1 Ahasuerus' greatness.3 Mordecai's advancement.

MHCC: Est 10:1-3 - --Many instances of the grandeur of Ahasuerus might have been given: these were written in the Persian chronicles, which are long since lost, while the ...

Matthew Henry: Est 10:1-3 - -- We are here told, I. How great and powerful king Ahasuerus was. He had a vast dominion, both in the continent and among the islands, from which he r...

Keil-Delitzsch: Est 10:1-3 - -- And King Ahashverosh laid a tribute upon the land, and upon the isles ofthe sea. Est 10:2. And all the acts of his power and of his might, and thest...

Constable: Est 10:1-3 - --V. MORDECAI'S GREATNESS ch. 10 Perhaps the writer mentioned Ahasuerus' tax (v. 1) because Mordecai had something...

Guzik: Est 10:1-3 - --Esther 10 - Mordecai's Promotion A. Epilogue. 1. (1-2) The glory of the reign of King Ahasuerus. And King Ahasuerus imposed tribute on the land an...

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Introduction / Outline

JFB: Esther (Book Introduction) ESTHER derives its name from the Jewess, who, having become wife of the king of Persia, employed her royal influence to effect a memorable deliverance...

JFB: Esther (Outline) AHASUERUS MAKES ROYAL FEASTS. (Est. 1:1-22) ESTHER CHOSEN TO BE QUEEN. (Est. 2:1-20) MORDECAI, DISCOVERING A TREASON, IS RECORDED IN THE CHRONICLES. ...

TSK: Esther (Book Introduction) This Book, which derives its name from the person whose history it chiefly relates, is termed in Hebrew, מגלה [Strong’s 04039] אסתר [Str...

TSK: Esther 10 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Est 10:1, Ahasuerus’ greatness; Est 10:3, Mordecai’s advancement.

Poole: Esther 10 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 10 Ahasuerus’ s greatness and Mordecai’ s advancement. i.e. Upon all his dominions, whether in thee main continent, or in the i...

MHCC: Esther (Book Introduction) We find in this book, that even those Jews who were scattered in the province of the heathen, were taken care of, and were wonderfully preserved, when...

MHCC: Esther 10 (Chapter Introduction) Greatness of Ahasuerus-Mordecai's advancement.

Matthew Henry: Esther (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Book of Esther How the providence of God watched over the Jews that had returned out of captivity t...

Matthew Henry: Esther 10 (Chapter Introduction) This is but a part of a chapter; the rest of it, beginning at v. 4, with six chapters more, being found only in the Greek, is rejected as apocrypha...

Constable: Esther (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The title of this book comes from its principle character, Esther. ...

Constable: Esther (Outline) Outline I. God's preparations 1:1-2:20 A. Vashti deposed ch. 1 1. The ki...

Constable: Esther Esther Bibliography Archer, Gleason L., Jr. A Survey of Old Testament Introduction. 1964; revised ed., Chicago:...

Haydock: Esther (Book Introduction) THE BOOK OF ESTHER. INTRODUCTION. This Book takes its name from queen Esther; whose history is here recorded. The general opinion of almost all...

Gill: Esther (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO ESTHER This book has its name from the person who is the principal subject of it; it is by Clemens of Alexandria a called the Book ...

Gill: Esther 10 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO ESTHER 10 This chapter is very short, and just makes mention of a tribute Ahasuerus laid on his realm, Est 10:1, refers to the Pers...

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