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Text -- Hebrews 2:18 (NET)

Strongs On/Off
Context
2:18 For since he himself suffered when he was tempted, he is able to help those who are tempted.
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Word/Phrase Notes
Robertson , Vincent , Wesley , JFB , Clarke , Calvin , Defender , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
, Geneva Bible

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , Combined Bible , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Barclay , Constable , College

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Robertson: Heb 2:18 - -- In that ( en hōi ). Literally, "In which"( = en toutōi en hōi , in that in which), a causal idea, though in Rom 14:22 en hōi means "wherein...

In that ( en hōi ).

Literally, "In which"( = en toutōi en hōi , in that in which), a causal idea, though in Rom 14:22 en hōi means "wherein."

Robertson: Heb 2:18 - -- Hath suffered ( peponthen ). Second perfect active indicative of paschō , permanent part of Christ’ s experience.

Hath suffered ( peponthen ).

Second perfect active indicative of paschō , permanent part of Christ’ s experience.

Robertson: Heb 2:18 - -- Being tempted ( peirastheis ). First aorist passive participle of peirazō . The temptation to escape the shame of the Cross was early and repeatedl...

Being tempted ( peirastheis ).

First aorist passive participle of peirazō . The temptation to escape the shame of the Cross was early and repeatedly presented to Christ, by Satan in the wilderness (Mat 4:8-11), by Peter in the spirit of Satan (Mat 16:22.), in Gethsemane (Mat 26:39), and caused intense suffering to Jesus (Luk 22:44; Heb 5:8).

Robertson: Heb 2:18 - -- He is able ( dunatai ). This word strikes the heart of it all. Christ’ s power to help is due not merely to his deity as God’ s Son, but al...

He is able ( dunatai ).

This word strikes the heart of it all. Christ’ s power to help is due not merely to his deity as God’ s Son, but also to his humanity without which he could not sympathize with us (Heb 4:15).

Robertson: Heb 2:18 - -- To succour ( boēthēsai ). First aorist active infinitive of the old compound verb boētheō (boē , a cry, theō , to run), to run at a cry...

To succour ( boēthēsai ).

First aorist active infinitive of the old compound verb boētheō (boē , a cry, theō , to run), to run at a cry or call for help (Mat 15:25).

Robertson: Heb 2:18 - -- Them that are tempted ( tois peirazomenois ). Dative plural of the articular participle (present passive) of peirazō . These Jewish Christians were...

Them that are tempted ( tois peirazomenois ).

Dative plural of the articular participle (present passive) of peirazō . These Jewish Christians were daily tempted to give up Christ, to apostatize from Christianity. Jesus understands himself (autos ) their predicament and is able to help them to be faithful.

Vincent: Heb 2:18 - -- In that he himself hath suffered being tempted ( ἐν ᾧ γὰρ πέπονθεν αὐτὸς πειρασθείς ) Rend. for ...

In that he himself hath suffered being tempted ( ἐν ᾧ γὰρ πέπονθεν αὐτὸς πειρασθείς )

Rend. for having himself been tempted in that which he suffered . The emphasis is on having been tempted . Christ is the succored of the tempted because he has himself been tempted. Ἐν ᾧ is not inasmuch as , but means in that which . Ἐν ᾧ πέπονθεν qualifies πειρασθείς , explaining in what the temptation consisted, namely, in suffering .

Wesley: Heb 2:18 - -- That is, he has given a manifest, demonstrative proof that he is able so to do.

That is, he has given a manifest, demonstrative proof that he is able so to do.

JFB: Heb 2:18 - -- Explanation of how His being made like His brethren in all things has made Him a merciful and faithful High Priest for us (Heb 2:17).

Explanation of how His being made like His brethren in all things has made Him a merciful and faithful High Priest for us (Heb 2:17).

JFB: Heb 2:18 - -- Rather as Greek, "wherein He suffered Himself; having been tempted, He is able to succor them that are being tempted" in the same temptation; and as "...

Rather as Greek, "wherein He suffered Himself; having been tempted, He is able to succor them that are being tempted" in the same temptation; and as "He was tempted (tried and afflicted) in all points," He is able (by the power of sympathy) to succor us in all possible temptations and trials incidental to man (Heb 4:16; Heb 5:2). He is the antitypical Solomon, having for every grain of Abraham's seed (which were to be as the sand for number), "largeness of heart even as the sand that is on the seashore" (1Ki 4:29). "Not only as God He knows our trials, but also as man He knows them by experimental feeling."

Clarke: Heb 2:18 - -- For in that he himself hath suffered - The maxim on which this verse is founded is the following: A state of suffering disposes persons to be compas...

For in that he himself hath suffered - The maxim on which this verse is founded is the following: A state of suffering disposes persons to be compassionate, and those who endure most afflictions are they who feel most for others. The apostle argues that, among other causes, it was necessary that Jesus Christ should partake of human nature, exposed to trials, persecutions, and various sufferings, that he might the better feel for and be led to succor those who are afflicted and sorely tried. This sentiment is well expressed by a Roman poet: -

Me quoque per multas similis fortuna labore

Jactatam hac demum voluit consistere terra

Non ignara mali, miseris succurere disco

Virg. Aen. i., v. 632

"For I myself like you, have been distress’ d

Till heaven afforded me this place of rest

Like you, an alien in a land unknown

I learn to pity woes so like my own.

Dryden

"There are three things,"says Dr. Owen, "of which tempted believers do stand in need

1.    Strength to withstand their temptations

2.    Consolations to support their spirits under them

3.    Seasonable deliverance from them

Unto these is the succor afforded by our High Priest suited; and it is variously administered to them

1.    By his word or promises

2.    By his Spirit; (and, tha

1.    By communicating to them supplies of grace or spiritual strength

2.    Strong consolation

3.    By rebuking their tempters and temptations); an

3.    By his providence disposing of all things to their good and advantage in the issue."Those who are peculiarly tempted and severely tried, have an especial interest in, and claim upon Christ. They, particularly, may go with boldness to the throne of grace, where they shall assuredly obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of need. Were the rest of the Scripture silent on this subject, this verse might be an ample support for every tempted soul.

Calvin: Heb 2:18 - -- 18.=== For in that he himself has suffered, === etc. Having been tried by our evils, he is ready, he says, to bring us help. The word temptation h...

18.=== For in that he himself has suffered, === etc. Having been tried by our evils, he is ready, he says, to bring us help. The word temptation here means no other thing than experience or probation; and to be able, is to be fit, or inclined, or suitable.

Defender: Heb 2:18 - -- See note on Heb 4:15."

See note on Heb 4:15."

TSK: Heb 2:18 - -- suffered : Heb 4:15, Heb 4:16, Heb 5:2, Heb 5:7-9; Mat 4:1-10, Mat 26:37-39; Luk 22:53 he is : Heb 7:25, Heb 7:26; Joh 10:29; Phi 3:21; 2Ti 1:12; Jud ...

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Heb 2:18 - -- For in that he himself ... - "Because"he has suffered, he is able to sympathize with sufferers. Being tempted - Or, being "tried."The Gre...

For in that he himself ... - "Because"he has suffered, he is able to sympathize with sufferers.

Being tempted - Or, being "tried."The Greek word used here is more general in its meaning than the English word "tempted."It means to "put to the proof;"to try the nature or character of; and this may be done either:

(1)\caps1     b\caps0 y subjecting a person to "afflictions"or "sufferings"that his true character may be tried - that it may be seen whether he has sincere piety and love to God; or.

(2)\caps1     b\caps0 y allowing one to fall into "temptation,"properly so called - where some strong inducement to evil is presented to the mind, and where it becomes thus a "trial"of virtue.

The Saviour was subjected to both these in as severe a form as was ever presented to people. His sufferings surpassed all others; and the temptations of Satan (see Matt. 4) were presented in the most alluring form in which he could exhibit them. Being "proved"or "tried"in both these respects, he showed that he had a strength of virtue which could bear all that could ever occur to seduce him from attachment to God; and at the same time to make him a perfect model for those who should be tried in the same manner.

He is able to succour ... - This does not mean that he would not have had "power"to assist others if he had not gone through these sufferings, but that he is now qualified to sympathize with them from the fact that he has endured like trials.

"He knows what sore temptations mean,

For he has felt the same."

The idea is, that one who has himself been called to suffer is able to sympathize with those who suffer; one who has been tempted, is able to sympathize with those who are tempted in like manner. One who has been sick is qualified to sympathize with the sick; one who has lost a child, can sympathize with him who follows his beloved son or daughter to the grave; one who has had some strong temptation to sin urged upon himself can sympathize with those who are now tempted; one who has never been sick, or who has never buried a friend, or been tempted, is poorly qualified to impart consolation in such scenes. Hence, it is that ministers of the gospel are often - like their Master - much persecuted and afflicted, that they may be able to assist others. Hence, they are called to part with the children of their love; or to endure long and painful sicknesses, or to pass through scenes of poverty and want, that they may sympathize with the most humble and afflicted of their flock. And they should be willing to endure all this; because:

(1)\caps1     t\caps0 hus they are like their Master (compare Col 1:24; Phi 3:10); and,

(2)\caps1     t\caps0 hey are thus enabled to be far more extensively useful.

Many a minister owes a large part of his usefulness to the fact that he has been much afflicted; and for those afflictions, therefore, he should unfeignedly thank God. The idea which is here expressed by the apostle - that one is enabled to sympathize with others from having himself suffered, was long since beautifully expressed by Virgil:

"Me quoque per multos similis fortuna labores,

Jactatam, hac demum voluit consistere terra.

Non ignara mali, miseris succurrere disco .

Aeneid I. 628.

"For I myself like you have been distressed,

Till heaven afforded me this place of rest:

Like you, an alien in a land unknown,

I learn to pity woes so like my own.

- Dryden.

Jesus is thus able to alleviate the sufferer. In all our temptations and trials let us remember:

\caps1 (1) t\caps0 hat he suffered more - infinitely more - than we can do, and that in all our sorrows we shall never reach what he endured. We enter no region of trial where he has not gone beyond us; we tread no dark and gloomy way where he has not gone before us.

\caps1 (2) t\caps0 hat he is to us "a brother,"for he "is not ashamed to call us brethren."He had a nature like ours; he condescended to appear as one of our race, with all the innocent propensities and passions of a man. What matchless condescension! And what an honor for us to be permitted to address him as an "older brother,"and to know that he feels a deep sympathy in our woes!

\caps1 (3) l\caps0 et us then, in all times of affliction, look to him. Go not, suffering Christian, to philosophy; attempt not to deaden your feelings by the art of the Stoic; but go at once to the Saviour - the great, sympathizing High Priest, who is able to succour you - and rest your burdens on him.

"His heart is made of tenderness,

His soul is filled with love.

"Touch’ d with a sympathy within,

He knows our feeble frame;

He knows what sore temptations mean,

For he has felt the same.

"Then let our humble faith address.

His mercy and his power;

We shall obtain delivering grace,

In every trying hour."

Poole: Heb 2:18 - -- For in that he himself hath suffered: the reason foregoing the Spirit illustrates in this verse; he is such a merciful and faithful High Priest, by b...

For in that he himself hath suffered: the reason foregoing the Spirit illustrates in this verse; he is such a merciful and faithful High Priest, by being a sufferer himself, which he could not have been feelingly, but by his being incarnate. So many, great, and afflictive sufferings never any endured but himself; he felt what sin deserved, and would fasten on sinners without his interposing; though he were sinless, what terrors from God within, what pains in his body without, did he suffer and undergo! Such as are unparalleled, Heb 12:3 .

Being tempted not from any corruption or sin within him, Heb 4:15 Joh 14:30 ; but from an inveterate enemy, the devil, without him, and all the instruments he used of his associated spirits and men. How early on the entrance on his office did the devil begin with him, and thought to have foiled him as he did the first Adam! And how did his children tempt him, with the which the gospel is filled in so many pages! By these he felt what temptations were, how difficult to avoid sin under them, how fearful it was to be exercised by them, Heb 5:7 , how much such as miscarry under them are to be pitied; what sore evils sin brings on the committers of it; what succour, strength, stablishing, settlement his brethren need under it, Luk 22:43,44 ; and how easily without his assistance his tempted ones may be foiled by it.

He is able to succour them that are tempted: now sensibly made fit by his own sorrows, temptations, and sufferings, he is powerfully inclined to help his; subjected he was to all of them, to make him feelingly, tenderly pitying of us. He had the mercies of God before, and as if that were not enough, the tempted nature of a man, to soften his heart to pity his brethren in their sufferings and temptations. These sufferings of his had a purchasing power and ability in them for us, he thereby buying help and succour for us as to all ours, that should be correspondent unto his; so as by his bloody death under temptation he bought off ours, either not to overtake us, or if under them, he is habitually and meritoriously thereby to succour his; most compassionately and readily giving forth all reasonable, suitable, and sufficient support under and remedy against all these temptations, which for sin, or from it, his brethren are afflicted with, and come to him for help. This is the most powerful preservative against despair, and the firmest ground of hope and comfort, that ever believing, penitent sinners could desire or have. From all which these Hebrews might have been convinced what little reason they had to be offended with his humiliation or death, who was their Messiah; and though for state and time a little lower than the angels, yet in the human nature was thereby exalted to be the Lord and Head above them all.

Gill: Heb 2:18 - -- For in that he himself hath suffered being tempted,.... By Satan, at his entrance on his public ministry, and a little before his death; which was don...

For in that he himself hath suffered being tempted,.... By Satan, at his entrance on his public ministry, and a little before his death; which was done, not by stirring up sin in him, for he had none, nor by putting any into him, which could not be done, nor could Satan get any advantage over him; he solicited him one thing and another, but in vain; though these temptations were very troublesome, and disagreeable, and abhorrent to the pure and holy nature of Christ, and so must be reckoned among his sufferings, or things by which he suffered: and as afflictions are sometimes called temptations, in this sense also Christ suffered, being tempted, with outward poverty and meanness, with slight and neglect from his own relations, and with a general contempt and reproach among men: he was often tempted by the Jews with ensnaring questions; he was deserted by his followers, by his own disciples, yea, by his God and Father; all which were great trials to him, and must be accounted as sufferings: and he also endured great pains of body, and anguish of mind, and at last death itself. And so

he is able to succour them that are tempted; as all the saints, more or less, are, both with Satan's temptations, and with afflictions in the world, which God suffers to befall them, on various accounts; partly on his own account, to show his grace, power, and faithfulness in supporting under them, and in delivering out of them; and partly on his Son's account, that they might be like unto him, and he may have an opportunity of succouring them, and sympathizing with them; and also on their own account, to humble them, to try their faith, to excite them to prayer and watchfulness, and to keep them dependent on the power and grace of God: and these Christ succours, by having and showing a fellow feeling with them; by praying for them; by supporting them under temptations; by rebuking the tempter, and delivering out of them: and all this he is able to do; he must be able to succour them as he is God; and his conquering Satan is a convincing evidence to the saints of his ability; but here it intends his qualification, and fitness, and readiness to help in such circumstances, from the experience he himself has had of these things.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

Geneva Bible: Heb 2:18 For in that he himself hath suffered being ( g ) tempted, he is able to succour them that are tempted. ( g ) Was tried and urged to wickedness by the...

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Heb 2:1-18 - --1 We ought to be obedient to Christ Jesus;5 and that because he vouchsafed to take our nature upon him;14 as it was necessary.

Combined Bible: Heb 2:17-18 - --Superior to Angels.    (Hebrews 2:17, 18)    The verses which are now to be before us complete the second main division of the ...

MHCC: Heb 2:14-18 - --The angels fell, and remained without hope or help. Christ never designed to be the Saviour of the fallen angels, therefore he did not take their natu...

Matthew Henry: Heb 2:14-18 - -- Here the apostle proceeds to assert the incarnation of Christ, as taking upon him not the nature of angels, but the seed of Abraham; and he shows th...

Barclay: Heb 2:10-18 - --Here the writer to the Hebrews uses one of the great titles of Jesus. He calls him the pioneer (archegos, 747) of glory. The same word is used of J...

Constable: Heb 1:1--3:1 - --I. The culminating revelation of God 1:1--2:18 Hebrews is a sermon reduced to writing (cf. 13:22; James). Indica...

Constable: Heb 2:10-18 - --E. The Son's Solidarity with Humanity 2:10-18 The writer next emphasized the future glory that the Son will experience to heighten his readers' apprec...

College: Heb 2:1-18 - --HEBREWS 2 II. JESUS RESCUES MAN (2:1-18) Chapter one introduced Jesus as towering over all of redemption history, far superior to angels. Chapter tw...

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Commentary -- Other

Critics Ask: Heb 2:18 HEBREWS 2:17-18 —Was it possible for Christ to have sinned? PROBLEM: The writer of Hebrews says that Christ “had to be made like His brethren...

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Introduction / Outline

Robertson: Hebrews (Book Introduction) The Epistle to the Hebrews By Way of Introduction Unsettled Problems Probably no book in the New Testament presents more unsettled problems tha...

JFB: Hebrews (Book Introduction) CANONICITY AND AUTHORSHIP.--CLEMENT OF ROME, at the end of the first century (A.D), copiously uses it, adopting its words just as he does those of the...

JFB: Hebrews (Outline) THE HIGHEST OF ALL REVELATIONS IS GIVEN US NOW IN THE SON OF GOD, WHO IS GREATER THAN THE ANGELS, AND WHO, HAVING COMPLETED REDEMPTION, SITS ENTHRONE...

TSK: Hebrews 2 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Heb 2:1, We ought to be obedient to Christ Jesus; Heb 2:5, and that because he vouchsafed to take our nature upon him; Heb 2:14, as it wa...

Poole: Hebrews 2 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 2

MHCC: Hebrews (Book Introduction) This epistle shows Christ as the end, foundation, body, and truth of the figures of the law, which of themselves were no virtue for the soul. The grea...

MHCC: Hebrews 2 (Chapter Introduction) (Heb 2:1-4) The duty of stedfastly adhering to Christ and his gospel. (Heb 2:5-9) His sufferings are no objection against his pre-eminence. (Heb 2:1...

Matthew Henry: Hebrews (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Epistle to the Hebrews Concerning this epistle we must enquire, I. Into the divine authority of it...

Matthew Henry: Hebrews 2 (Chapter Introduction) In this chapter the apostle, I. Makes some application of the doctrine laid down in the chapter foregoing concerning the excellency of the person ...

Barclay: Hebrews (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO THE LETTER TO THE HEBREWS God Fulfils Himself In Many Ways Religion has never been the same thing to all men. "God," as Tennyson sai...

Barclay: Hebrews 2 (Chapter Introduction) The Salvation We Dare Not Neglect (Heb_2:1-4) The Recovery Of Man's Lost Destiny (Heb_2:5-9) The Essential Suffering (Heb_2:10-18)

Constable: Hebrews (Book Introduction) Introduction Historical background The writer said that he and those to whom he wrote ...

Constable: Hebrews (Outline)

Constable: Hebrews Hebrews Bibliography Andersen, Ward. "The Believer's Rest (Hebrews 4)." Biblical Viewpoint 24:1 (April 1990):31...

Haydock: Hebrews (Book Introduction) THE EPISTLE OF ST. PAUL, THE APOSTLE, TO THE HEBREWS. INTRODUCTION. The Catholic Church hath received and declared this Epistle to be part of ...

Gill: Hebrews (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO HEBREWS That this epistle was written very early appears from hence, that it was imitated by Clement of Rome, in his epistle to the...

Gill: Hebrews 2 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO HEBREWS 2 In this chapter the apostle, from the superior excellency of Christ, by whom the Gospel revelation is come, discoursed of...

College: Hebrews (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION It is difficult to overestimate the significance of Hebrews for understanding the nature of the new covenant. No other document in the N...

College: Hebrews (Outline) OUTLINE I. JESUS IS SUPERIOR TO THE ANGELS - 1:1-14 A. The Preeminence of the Son - 1:1-4 B. The Son Superior to the Angels - 1:5-14 II. ...

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